Bibliographie

Madeleine Albright, Marwan Muasher. Assad Deserves a Swift Trip to The Hague. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. June 28, 2011. http://carnegieendowment.org/2011/06/28/assad-deserves-swift-trip-to-hague/b5a Jon B. Alterman. Middle East Notes and Comment: The Middle East Turns East. Center for Strategic and International Studies. May 17, 2011. 2 pages. http://csis.org/files/publication/0511_MENC.pdf Tony Badran, Obama's Options in Damascus. Why It's Time to Rein in Syria -- and Turkey. Foreign Affairs, August 16, 2011 http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68129/tony-badran/obamas-options-in-damascus Dawn Brancati and Jack L.Snyder, The Libyan Rebels and Electoral Democracy. Why Rushing to the Polls Could Reignite Civil War, Foreign Affairs, September 2, 2011. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68241/dawn-brancati-and-jack-l-snyder/the-libyanrebels-and-electoral-democracy Nathan J. Brown. US. Policy and the Muslim Brotherhood. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. April 13, 2011. 17 pages. http://carnegieendowment.org/files/0413_testimony_brown.pdf Daniel L. Byman. Beware the Perils of Libya after Qaddafi Has Gone. The Brookings Institution. June 2011. http://www.brookings.edu/articles/2011/0620_libya_byman.aspx Anouar Boukhars, Shadi Hamid. Morrocos Moment of Reform. The Brookings Institution. June 28, 2011. http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0628_morocco_hamid_boukhars.aspx D. Brandon Fite, Anthony H. Cordesman. U.S. And Iranian Strategic Competition. Center for Strategic and International Studies. August 11, 2011. 34 pages. http://csis.org/files/publication/110811_Iran_Chapter_X.pdf S. Cagaptay, A. J. Tabler, How Washington can Work with Turkey on Syria, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 14 July 2011
http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=3385

Steven A. Cook, The US Egyptian Breakup. Washington's Limited Options in Cairo, Foreign Affairs, February 2, 2011. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67347/steven-a-cook/the-us-egyptian-breakup Alexander Cooley, Daniel H. Nexon, Bahrain's Base Politics. The Arab Spring and Americas Military Bases, in Foreign Affairs/CFR eBook, The New Arab Revolt: What Happened, What It
Means, and What Comes Next. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67700/alexander-cooley-and-daniel-h-nexon/bahrains-basepolitics

A.H. Cordesman, Next Steps in Libya (Egypt, Tunisia, and Other States with New Regimes), CSIS, 22 august 2011 http://csis.org/publication/next-steps-libya-egypt-tunisia-and-other-statesnew-regimes

Anthony H. Cordesman. Libya: Will the Farce Stay With U.S. (And France and Britain ?. Center for Strategic and International Studies. April 20, 2011. http://csis.org/publication/libya-will-farce-stay-us-and-france-and-britain A. H. Cordesman, US strategy in the Gulf, CSIS, 14 April 2011
http://csis.org/publication/us-strategy-gulf

A.H Cordesman, B. Barfi, B. Haddad, K. Mezran, The Arab uprisings and the US Policy: what is the American national interest?, Middle East Policy Council, 28 April 2011
http://www.mepc.org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/arab-uprisings-and-us-policy

Anthony H. Cordesman. Saudi Stability in a Time of Change, Center for Strategic and International Studies. April 21, 2011. 21 pages. http://csis.org/files/publication/110421_saudi_stabilty_change.pdf Interviewee: Robert Danin, US Priorities in a Changing Middle East, Council on Foreign Relations. July 27, 2011. http://www.cfr.org/middle-east/us-priorities-changing-middle-east/p25544 Kemal Dervi. The Obama Administration and the Arab Spring.The Brookings Institution. April 1, 2011. http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0401_obama_arab_spring_dervis.aspx Edward P. Djerejian, Director of the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, interviewed by Bernard Gwertzman. Handling the Middle Easts Tectonic ShiftsThe Council on Foreign Relations. April 1, 2011. http://www.cfr.org/middle-east/handling-middle-easts-tectonic-shifts/p24551 James Dobbins and Frederic Wehrey, Libyan Nation Building after Qaddafi. Helping the Rebels Help Themselves, Foreign Affairs, August 23, 2011.
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68227/james-dobbins-and-frederic-wehrey/libyan-nationbuilding-after-qaddafi

Michael W. Doyle, The Folly of Protection. Is intervention against Qadaffi legal and legitimate ? Foreign Affairs, March 20, 2011 http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67666/michael-w-doyle/the-folly-of-protection Thomas Donnelly, Gary J. Schmitt. Warning: Hollow Force Ahead ! The Effect of ever more Defense Budget Cuts on U.S. Armed Forces, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. The Heritage Foundation. July 21, 2011. 8 pages. http://www.aei.org/docLib/D2-Hollow-Force-Final-July2011.pdf Daniel W. Drezner, Does Obama have a Grand Strategy ? Why We Need Doctrines in

Uncertain Times, Foreign Affairs 90, n 4, July August 2011, pp. 57-68. http://drezner.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/06/22/ does_the_obama_administration_have_a_grand_strategy Eric Edelman. Foll Me Twice: How The United States Lost Lebanon Again. Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments (CSBA). June 1, 2011. http://www.csbaonline.org/2011/06/01/fool-me-twice-how-the-united-states-lost-lebanon%e2% 80%94again/ Andrew M. Exum, Zachary M. Hosford. Forging a Libya Strategy: Policy Recommendations for the Obama Administration.Center for a New American Security. March 28, 2011. 6 pages. http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Libya_ExumHosford.pdf
G. Friedman, Obama and the Arab spring, Stratfor, 24 May 2011 http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/20110523-obama-and-arab-spring

F. Gregory Gausse, Why Middle East Studies Missed the Arab Spring. The Myth of Authoritarian Stability, Foreign Affairs, July-August 2011 http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67932/f-gregory-gause-iii/why-middle-east-studiesmissed-the-arab-spring F. Gregory Gausse, Rageless in Riyadh.Why the Al Saud Dynasty Will Remain, Foreign Affairs, March 16 2011. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67660/f-gregory-gause-iii/rageless-in-riyadh Ken Gude, Ken Sofer, Aaron Gurley. Secretary Clinton should go to Yemen: US should openly lend diplomatic support to countrys vice President. Center for American Progress. July 12, 2011. http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/07/secretary_clinton_yemen.html Richard Haas, Fatal Distraction. Bill Clinton Foreign Policy, Foreign Policy, Fall 1997, pp. 112-123. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1149093?seq=2 Dilip Hiro. Private Prayers for Assads Survival.Yale Global. June 7, 2011. http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/prayers-assads-survival
D. Ignatius, What happens when the arab spring turns to summer?, Foreign Policy, 22 april 2011 http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/04/22/ what_happens_when_the_arab_spring_turns_to_summer

Deborah Jerome. Syrias Challenge To U.S. and E.U.. Council on Foreign Relations. June 27, 2011. http://www.cfr.org/syria/syrias-challenge-us-eu/p25355 Robert Jervis Understanding the Bush doctrine, Political Science Quarterly 118, n 3, Fall 2003, pp. 365-388. http://www.psqonline.org/?redir=%2F99_article.php3%3Fbyear%3D2003%26bmonth%3Dfall

%26a%3D01free Bruce Jones. The West, The Rest, and the New Middle East: Obama in London.The Brookings Institution. May 27, 2011. http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0527_global_order_jones.aspx Sean Kane, (Interviewee Iraq Program Officer). Growing Shadows in an Unsettled Iraq United States Institute of Peace. Interviewer: Bernard Gwertzman. Council on Foreign Relations. June 30, 2011. http://www.cfr.org/iraq/growing-shadows-unsettled-iraq/p25391 M. Knights, Yemens Crisis: options for U.S. Policy, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 21 June 2011
http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=3372

Zaki Ladi, Le monde selon Obama, Paris, Stock, 2010, 288 p. Christopher Layne, The unipolar illusion revisited The Coming End of the United States' Unipolar Moment", International Security 31, n 2, Fall 2006, pp 7-41 http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/791/unipolar_illusion_revisited.html
R. Lizza, The Consequentialist. How the Arab Spring Remade Obamas Foreign Policy, The New Yorker, 2 mai 2011, p.44-55 http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/ 2011/05/02/110502fa_fact_lizza?currentPage=1

M. Lynch, Obamas Arab spring?, Foreign Policy, 6 January 2011

http://lynch.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/01/06/obamas_arab_spring

Michael Mandelbaum, America's Coming Retrenchment. How Budget cuts will limit United States Global Role, Foreign Affairs, August 9, 2011. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68024/michael-mandelbaum/americas-comingretrenchment Jeff Martini and Julie Taylor, Commanding Democracy in Egypt. The militarys attempt to manage the future, Foreign Affairs, Sept-Oct. 2011 http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68218/jeff-martini-and-julie-taylor/commandingdemocracy-in-egypt Walter A. McDougall, Promise Land. Crusader State.The American Encounter with the World Since 1776, Houghton and Mifflin, 1997, 286 p. Sally McNamara and Ariel Cohen. Turkey After The Elections: Implications for U.S. Foreign Policy The Heritage Foundation. June 8, 2011. http://www.heritage.org/Research/Reports/2011/06/Turkey-after-the-Elections-Implications-forUS-foreign-policy Sarah Margon. Libya will still need help after Qaddafis departure: What the international

community needs to do. Center for American Progress. August 22, 2011. http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/08/libya_next_stage.html A. D. Miller, For America, an Arab winter , Wilson Quarterly, summer 2011 http://
www.wilsonquarterly.com/article.cfm?AID=1967

A.D. Miller, The whack-a-mole strategy, Foreign Policy, February, 28, 2011
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/02/28/the_whack_a_mole_strategy?page=0,0

Brendon OConnor, American Foreign Policy Traditions. A literature review, Working Paper, October 2009. http://ussc.edu.au/s/media/docs/publications/0910_oconnor_usforeignpolicy.pdf Michael OHanlon, Libya and the Obama Doctrine. How the United States Won Ugly, Foreign Affairs, August 31 2011. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68237/michael-ohanlon/libya-and-the-obama-doctrine Stewart M. Patrick. Qaddafis Arrest Warrant: The False Peace-Justice Tradeoff. Council on Foreign Relations. June 28, 2011. http://blogs.cfr.org/patrick/2011/06/28/qaddafi%E2%80%99s-arrest-warrant-the-false-peacejustice-tradeoff/ Pew Research Center, Obamas Challenge in the Muslim World Arab Spring Fails to Improve U.S. Image, 17 may 2011
http://pewglobal.org/2011/05/17/arab-spring-fails-to-improve-us-image/1/

D. Remnic, Behind the Curtain, The New Yorker, 5, September 2011,

http://www.newyorker.com/talk/comment/2011/09/05/110905taco_talk_remnick

Michael L. Ross, Will Oil Drown the Arab Spring ? Democracy and the Resource Curse , Foreign Affairs, Sept. Oct. 2011 http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68200/michael-l-ross/will-oil-drown-the-arab-spring Walter Russel Mead, The Tea Party and American Foreign Policy. What Populism Means for Globalism, Foreign Affairs, March-April 2011 http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67455/ walter-russell-mead/the-tea-party-and-american-foreign-policy R. Satloff, President Obamas delicate pivot: from Abbottabad to the Arab Winds of change, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 18 may 2011
http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=3361

D. Schenker, Five things Obama can (and should) do to topple Assad, The New Republic, 20 August 2011
http://www.tnr.com/print/article/world/93944/five-things-obama-topple-assad

J. Scott Carpenter, A. J. Tabler and Robert Satloff, Obama, Arab spring and the peace process:

assessing a pivotal moment in US Middle East Policy, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 24 May 2011
http://washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=3365

Shadi Hamid. Why Middle Eats Monarchies Might Hold On. The Brookings Institution. March 8, 2011. http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0308_middle_east_hamid.aspx Kristin Smith Diwan, Un-Unified Oppositions in Bahrain and Yemen, School of International Service, American University. The Council on Foreign Relations. March 23, 2011. http://www.cfr.org/middle-east/un-unified-oppositions-bahrain-yemen/p24464 Ken Sofer, Tyler Evans. The Arab Spring Introduces Turkey to the World of Foreign Policy Double Standards. Center for American Progress. August 3, 2011. http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/08/turkey_foreign_policy.html Shibley Telhami. The American Public and the Arab Awakening.The Brookings Institution. April 12, 2011. 17 pages. http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/reports/2011/0412_middle_east_poll_telhami/ 0412_middle_east_poll_telhami.pdf Eric Trager, "The Unbreakable Muslim Brotherhood", Foreign Affairs, Sept-Oct. 2011 http:// www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68211/eric-trager/the-unbreakable-muslim-brotherhood Kenneth Waltz, Structural Realism after the Cold War, International Security 25, n 1, Summer 2000 pp. 541. http://www.columbia.edu/itc/sipa/U6800/readings-sm/Waltz_Structural%20Realism.pdf Micah Zenco, Its hard to say Goodbye to Iraq. Why the United States Should Withdraw this December, Foreign Affairs, July 28 2011.http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68000/micahzenko/its-hard-to-say-goodbye-to-iraq?page=show James Zogby. Arab Attitudes, 2011. Arab American Institute Foundation. 2011. 13 pages. http://www.aaiusa.org/page/-/Polls/ArabAttitudes-2011.pdf

Documents Officiels The White House, State Department, Washington, DC, Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa, 19 May 2011 http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2011/05/19/remarks-president-middle-east-andnorth-africa The White House, National Security Strategy 2010, 52 p. http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/rss_viewer/national_security_strategy.pdf

AXIS OF ABUSE: U.S. HUMAN RIGHTS POLICY TOWARD IRAN AND SYRIA PART 1 Assistant Secretary Jeffrey D. Feltman, Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs; House Foreign Affairs Committee, Subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia. July 27, 2011. http://www.state.gov/p/nea/rls/rm/169163.htm U.S. HUMAN RIGHTS POLICY TOWARD IRAN AND SYRIA Assistant Secretary Michael H. Posner, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor; Statement Before the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia. July 27, 2011. http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/rm/2011/169180.htm U.S. POLICY IN YEMEN Coordinator Daniel Benjamin, Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism; Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South and Central Asian Affairs of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. July 19, 2011. http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/rm/2011/165195.htm U.S. POLICY IN YEMEN Deputy Assistant Secretary Janet Sanderson, Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs. July 19, 2011. http://www.state.gov/p/nea/rls/rm/168850.htm