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  • KAA 502 - Note 3 - Chapter 6 - Intro To Optical Spectroscopy 212

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    Jun Ming
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    This document introduces atomic spectroscopy and spectrometric methods. It discusses the properties of electromagnetic radiation and how atoms and molecules can exist in discrete energy states. It also describes several spectroscopic techniques including atomic emission, atomic absorption, and mass spectrometry that can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis. These techniques measure parameters like emission intensity, absorption, and ion detection to determine sample composition and concentration.

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    KAA 502 - Note 3 - Chapter 6 - Intro to Optical Spectroscopy 212

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    This document introduces atomic spectroscopy and spectrometric methods. It discusses the properties of electromagnetic radiation and how atoms and molecules can exist in discrete energy states. It also describes several spectroscopic techniques including atomic emission, atomic absorption, and mass spectrometry that can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis. These techniques measure parameters like emission intensity, absorption, and ion detection to determine sample composition and concentration.

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    5 views6 pages

    KAA 502 - Note 3 - Chapter 6 - Intro To Optical Spectroscopy 212

    Uploaded by

    Jun Ming
    This document introduces atomic spectroscopy and spectrometric methods. It discusses the properties of electromagnetic radiation and how atoms and molecules can exist in discrete energy states. It also describes several spectroscopic techniques including atomic emission, atomic absorption, and mass spectrometry that can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis. These techniques measure parameters like emission intensity, absorption, and ion detection to determine sample composition and concentration.

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    of 6

    KAA 502

    Atomic Spectroscopy
    Introduction to Spectrometric
    Methods
     Interaction with electromagnetic radiation.

    (Dr. Lim Gin Keat)

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    Properties of electromagnetic
    radiation
     Wave properties
     Particle properties
     Electromagnetic spectrum
     Phenomena
     Diffraction - constructive and destructive
    interference.
     Transmission
     Refraction, reflection, scattering,
    (polarization
     Photoelectric effect

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    Wavenumber, cm-1

    Frequency, Hz

    Wavelength, m

    Regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    1
    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    Diffraction of a monochromatic
    radiation by slits. A typical dispersion curve.

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    2
    Energy states of chemical
    species
     Quantum theory
     Atoms, ions and molecules can only exist in certain discrete
    states characterized by definite amounts of energy.
     Ground state – lowest energy state for an atom, ion or molecule
     Excited states- higher energy states

    Energy level digrams for (a) atomic sodium and (b) magnesium(I) ion. o
    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22
    Note the similarity in pattern of lines shown in black but not in actual wavelength (A).

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    3
    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    Emission Absorption

     Line spectrum  Atomic absorption


     Atomic or ionic species  Molecular absorption
     Band spectrum
     Molecular species
     Continuum
     Black body radiation
     Eg: Tungsten lamp

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    4
    Quantitative aspects of
    Spectrochemical measurements
     Absorption methods
     Transmittance, T = P / Po
     % T = P / Po X 100
     Absorbance
     A = - log10 T
    = log Po /P

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    5
    Quantitative and qualitative analyses

     Emission spectroscopy
     Emission intensity (quantitative)
     emission(qualitative)
     Atomic absorption spectroscopy
     Absorption measurements (quantitative)
     absorption (qualitative)
     Atomic mass spectrometry
     Detection of ionic species produced from atomic
    species (number of ions is directly proportional to the
    concentration of the element in the original sample)
    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22 LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

    LIM GK - DO NOT SHARE WITHOUT PERMISSION! 08-Apr-22

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