Chemistry for Engineering

(Credit Hour System)

Lecture 2
Ideal Gases
Prof.Dr. Hanem Sibak
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 Gases

• In order to study gas behavior we have to define :

 Pressure , P (Total Pressure) and pᵢ (Partial Pressure)

 Volume , v

 Temperature , T K and t °C

 Mass , M

 Number of moles , n

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 Gases

 Molecular Weight , M.wt.

n=M/M.wt.
M.wt.
O2 = 32
N2 = 28
H2 = 2
C = 12

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 units

 Pressure atm = 760 mmHg or Torr

 Volume l = 1000 cm3

m3 = 1000 l

ml = cm3

 Temperature TK = t °C + 273

 M Kg = 1000 g

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 units

 Molecular Weight g/gmol

 Number of moles gmol

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 P,V,T
Ideal Gases
 Boyle´s Law
at constant n,T
P 𝛼 1/V
P = const. 1/V
PV = const.
P1V1 = P2V2

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 Boyle´s Charts

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 Charle´s Law
at constant n,P
V 𝛼 T
V = const.T
V/T = const.
V1/T1 = V2/T2
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 Charle´s Charts

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 Gay Lussac´s Law
at constant n,V
P 𝛼 T
P = const.T
P/T = const.
P1/T1 = P2/T2
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 Gay Lussac´s Charts

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 Combing all 3 laws :
at constant n

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
General Equation for Ideal Gases
make sure of units consistency

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 General Law for Ideal Gases

 P V/T = const.
PV=nRT
Where : R universal gas constant

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 General Law for Ideal Gases

 PV=nRT
SET I SET II
P V = (M/M.wt.) R T
P Pa atm
P M.wt. = (M/V) R T density g/𝑚3 g/lit
T K K
P M.wt. = RT
R 8.314 0.082 lit.atm/gmol.K
= density J/gmol.K

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• Comparison between STP & NTP
STP NTP
P 1,atm 1,atm
T 273 K 298 K

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 Avogadro´s Law
for 1 mol at STP
V = 22.4 Lit.

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