Ekalavya Limits, Continuity Solutions

Limits, Continuity & Differentiability
Part-1:
Answer Key:
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (c)

10. (a),
(c), (d)
11. (a), 12. (b), 13. (a), 14. (a), 15. (b), 16. (b), 17. (a), 18. (a), 19. (a), 20.
(d) (c), (d) (b), (c) (c), (d) (c) (c) (b) (b), (c) (b) 0.00
21. 22. 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (a) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (c) 30. (d)
4.00 2.00
SCQ
Solution 1:
2− x 3 − 2x
f ( x) =
1
2− x
 f ( f ( x )) =
3 − 2x
(
 f f ( f ( x )) = )
4 − 3x
3 4
Hence points of discontinutiy are x = 2, ,
2 3
Solution 2:
x2 x2
= ( using expansion )
sin x tan x  x3  x3 
 x −  x + 
 6  3
1
=
1
1 + x 2 + ...
6
 x 2

 lim  =0
x → 0 sin x tan x
 
Address :
Vedantu Innovations Pvt. Ltd. Vistar Arcade, 3rd Floor, 1081, 14th Main Rd,
Sector 3, HSR Layout, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560102
website : www.vedantu.com
Solution 3:
Using L'Hospital's rule, we have
et f ( x ) − e x f  ( t )
lim =2
( f ( x ))
t→x 2
ex f ( x ) − ex f  ( x )
 =2
( f ( x ))
2
d  ex 
  =2
dx  f ( x ) 
ex
 = 2x + c
f ( x)
ex
 f ( x) =
2x + c
1 1
 f ( 0) = =  c = 2
c 2
ex
 f ( x) =
2 (1 + x )
Solution 4:
g ( x ) g ( y ) = g ( x ) + g ( y ) + g ( xy ) − 2
Putting x = 2, y = 1, we have
5 g (1) = 5 + g (1) + 5 − 2  g (1) = 2
1
Putting y = , we have
x
1 1
g ( x) g   = g ( x) + g  
 x  x
Hence g ( x ) = x n + 1 or − x n + 1 ( by comparing the coefficient of x, x 2 , ...)
If g ( x ) = x n + 1, then g (1) = 1 + 1 = 2 and g ( 2 ) = 2n + 1 = 5  n = 2
So, g ( x ) = x 2 + 1
and if g ( x ) = − x n + 1, then g (1) = 0, which is not true
So g ( x ) = x 2 + 1
 lim g ( x ) = 10
x →3
Address :
Solution 5:
Solution 6:
n
 1
S = lim  
n → n   r 
r =1
sin  + 
 4 4n 
1
dx
=
 
0 sin  x + 
4 4
1
4     
=   ln  tan  x +   
   8 8  0
     
= 4 ln1 − ln  tan    
   8  
= 4 ln ( 2 +1 )
Solution 7:
g ( x ) = sgn ( f ( x ) ) has discontinuty points, at the points where f ( x ) = 0
1 5
 sin x =
2
1+ 5
 sin x = ( not possible)
2
1− 5
 sin x =
2
Solution 8:
x − 1 , x − 1 etc are all continuous everewhere and the
2
algebraic sum of continuous function is also continuous.

x − 1 , x − 1 etc, are not differentialble at x = 1 whereas
3
x − 1 , x − 1 etc, are all differentiable at x = 1

2 4
Address :
Solution 9:
Conceptual
MCQ
Solution 10:
f ( x + y ) = 2x f ( y ) + 4 y f ( x ) ... (1)
Interchanging x and y, we get
f ( x + y ) = 2 y f ( x ) + 4x f ( y ) ... ( 2 )
 2x f ( y ) + 4 y f ( x ) = 2 y f ( x ) + 4x f ( y )
f ( x) f ( y)
 = y =k
4 −2
x x
4 − 2y
 f ( x ) = k ( 4x − 2x )
Since, f  ( 0 ) = ln 2, we get k = 1
Hence, f ( x ) = 4 x − 2 x
Solution 11:
h ( x ) = f ( x )  h ( x ) = f  ( x )
h (1) = 0, f (1) = h (1) = h (1) = 1 = g (1)
f ( g ( x ) ) = x  f  ( g ( x ) ) g  ( x ) = 1  f ( g (1) ) g  (1) = 1
 f  (1) .g  (1) = 1  g  (1) = 1
G ( x ) = x 2 g ( x ) − xh ( g ( x ) )
G ( x ) = 2 xg ( x ) + x 2 g  ( x ) − h ( g ( x ) ) − xh ( g ( x ) ) g  ( x )
= 2 xg ( x ) + x 2 g  ( x ) − h ( g ( x ) ) − x 2 g  ( x )
= 2 xg ( x ) − h ( g ( x ) )
G ( x ) = 2 g ( x ) + 2 xg  ( x ) − h ( g ( x ) ) g  ( x )
G (1) = 2 g (1) − h ( g (1) ) = 2
G (1) = 2 g (1) + g  (1) = 3
Address :
Solution 12:
x 2 x 2
 ( 4 + t − 2 ) dt =  ( 6 − t ) dt +  ( t + 2 ) dt = 2
x
+ 2x + 4
0 0 2
1 2
 x + 2x + 4 x  3
f ( x) =  2
 ax 2 + bx x3
1 14
By solving, we get a = , b =
18 3
Solution 13:
f ( h) − f ( 0)
f  ( 0 ) = lim
h →0 h
1
f 
= lim  
x
x → 1
x
x
1
= lim xf  
x →
x
 x
 1 
=0 as f  x  = 0 
   
Solution 14:
x2 − 4 x + 3 = 0  x = 1, 3
Now graph of x 2 − 4 x +3 is as shown. From the graph, it is clear that f ( x ) is non
differentiable at 5 points, local maximum at x = 0 and local minima at x = –1
Address :
Solution 15:
sin −1 ( sin x )
A = lim
x → 0 cos −1 ( cos x )
sin −1 ( sin x ) x
lim− = lim− = −1
x→0 cos ( cos x )
−1
x→0 −x
sin −1 ( sin x ) x
lim+ = lim =1
x→0 cos −1 ( cos x ) x → 0 +
x
 A does not exist
x
B = lim   = 0 as  x  = 0 when x → 0
x→0 x
Solution 16:
lim+ f ( x ) = a as sin 3  x  = 0 when x → 0 +
x→0
lim f ( x ) = 2b − 1 and f ( 0 ) = 0
x→0−
 a = 3 and b = 2
Solution 17:
1
sin
lim x = 1−
x → 1
x
Solution 18:
1
x + 2 x 2 sin
−0
 1
f ( 0 ) = lim
 x = lim 1 + 2 x sin  = 1
x→0 x−0 x → 0
 x
1 1
f  ( x ) = 1 − 2cos   + 4sin
 x x
It is not continuous at x = 0
 1   2 
But f     0 and f     0  n 
 2n   ( 4n + 1)  
Address :
Solution 19:
f (h)
Observe that f ( 0 ) = 0 and f  ( 0 ) = lim =1
h→0 h
f ( x + h) − f ( x)
f  ( x ) = lim
h→0 h
f ( h ) + x h + xh 2
2
 lim = x2 + 1
h→0 h
x3
Hence, f ( x ) = +x
3
INTEGER
Solution 20:
sin x + ae x + be − x + c ln (1 + x )
L = lim
x→0 x3
 x3   x x 2 x3   x x 2 x3   x 2 x3 
 x −  + a  1 + + +  + b  1 − + − +
 c x − + 
= lim       
3! 1! 2! 3! 1! 2! 3! 2 3
x→0 3
x
( a + b ) + (1 + a − b + c ) x +  + −  x 2 +  − + − +  x3
a b c 1 a b c
= lim 2 2 2  3! 3! 3! 3 
x→0 3
x
a b c 1 a b c
 a + b = 0, 1 + a − b + c = 0, + − = 0 and L = − + − +
2 2 2 3! 3! 3! 3
1 1
Solving first three equations, we get c = 0, a = − , b =
2 2
 a+b+c =0
Solution 21:
Solution 22:
Let x = K sin 
1  1 − 4 K cos 
 = lim  
 →0K 2  sin 2  cos 
1 2
 is finite K =   =
4 k
Address :
PARAGRAPH
Solution 23:
Given that f ( 2 x ) = ( e x + 1) f ( x ) and f ( 0 ) = 0
f ( 2x ) f ( x )
 ( e x − 1) f ( 2 x ) = ( e 2 x − 1) f ( x )  =
e2 x − 1 e x − 1
 x  x  x 
f  f  f n
f ( x)
= x  = x  = ... = x 
2 4 2
 x
e −1
e 2 − 1 e 22 − 1 e2 −1
n
 x 
f n
f ( x) f (h) f (h) f ( h ) − f ( 0)
= lim x  = lim h
2
 x = lim = lim = f  ( 0)
e −1 n → h → 0 e −1 h → 0 h h → 0 h
e −1
2n
f ( h)
 f  ( 0 ) = lim h
h →0 e −1
Solution 24:
Given that f ( 2 x ) = ( e x + 1) f ( x ) and f ( 0 ) = 0
f ( 2x) f ( x)
 ( e x − 1) f ( 2 x ) = ( e x − 1)( e x + 1) f ( x )  =
e −1
2x
ex − 1
 x  x  x
f  f  f n
f ( x)
= x  = x  = ... = x 
2 4 2
 x
e −1
e2 −1 e22 −1 e2 −1
n
 x 
f n
f ( x) f (h) f (h) f ( h ) − f ( 0)
= lim  x  = lim h
2
 x = lim = lim = f (0)
e −1 n→ 2n h→0 e −1 h→0 h h→0 h
e
 f ( x ) = f  ( 0 ) ( e x − 1)
1 1 1
 f ( x) x  ex − 1  x  ex − 1 − x  x 1
1
lim   = lim   = lim  1 +  = e 2
= f   1
x→0
 x  x→0
 x  x→0
 x  2
Address :
Solution 25:
 f ( f ( x )) =
1 1
Given f − 1 ( x ) =
f ( x) x
1 1
 f −1 ( x ) = f    f ( x ) f   = 1
 x  x
 f (1) = 1  f (1) = 1
2
as f (1)  0
Solution 26:
If f ( x ) is continuous then being bijective it will be monotonic.
 f ( f ( x ) ) would be increasing but f ( f ( x ) ) =

1
is decreasing.
x
Thus, it contradicts the fact of f ( x ) being continuous.
Solution 27:
  5    3 
f ( x ) = cos −1  cos  − x   − sin −1  sin  − x   = 4 − 2 x
  2    2 
Solution 28:
sin x − tan x tan x − sin x 1
lim = lim =
( 4x − 2x) x → 0 ( 2x)
x → 2 3 3
16
Solution 29:
1  2
Area =    =
2 2 4
MATRIX
Solution 30:
(A)
Let f ( x ) = x + cos x − a  f  ( x ) = 1 − sin x  0x 
Thus, f ( x ) is increasing in ( −,  )
For positive root, f ( 0 ) = 1 − a  0
Address :
(B)
f  ( x ) = − sin x + a 2  0  a 2  sin xx   a2  1
(C)
Let y = x3 − 9 x 2 + 24 x + a = x ( x 2 − 9 x + 24 ) + a
= 3( x2 − 6 x + 8) = 3( x − 4 )
dy
dx
For real root of f ( x ) = x3 − 9 x 2 + 24 x + a,
 f ( 2) f ( 4)  0
Address :
Part-2:
Answer Key:
31. (c) 32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (c) 35. (a), 36. (b), 37. (b), 38. 39. 40.
(b), (c), (c) (c), (d) 4.00 0.00 1.00
(d)
41. 42. 43. (c) 44. (d) 45. (b) 46. (b) 47. (c) 48. (d) 49. (c)
5.00 4.00
SCQ
Solution 31:
g ( x ) = ( f  ( x ) ) + f  ( x ) f  ( x ) =
( f  ( x ) f  ( x ) )
2 d
dx
The minimum number of zeros of g ( x ) in ( 0, 6 ) is one less than the minimum number of zeros
of f  ( x ) f  ( x ) in  0, 6 .
First, let’s count the number of zeros of f  ( x ) .
f ( x) = f (6 − x )  f ( x ) = − f (6 − x )
Thus, the roots of f  ( x ) are x  0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 .
Since f  ( x ) has 7 roots, so minimum number of roots of f  ( x ) is 6.
Hence, minimum number of roots of f  ( x ) f  ( x ) are 13 in  0, 6 .
( f  ( x ) f  ( x ) ) is 12 in ( 0, 6 ) .
d
So, the minimum number of roots of g ( x ) =
dx
Solution 32:
1 1
L = lim
(1 + 3x + 2 x ) − (1 + 3x − 2 x )
2 x 2 x
0
 
x →0 x 0
1 1
= lim
(1 + 3x + 2 x 2 x
) − e3
− lim
(1 + 3x − 2 x 2 ) x − e3
x →0 x x →0 x
= L1 − L 2
Address :
1 (
ln 1+ 3 x + 2 x 2 )
L1 = lim
(1 − 3x + 2 x ) 2 x −e 3
= lim
e x
− e3 5
= − e3
x →0 x x →0 x 2
13
Similarly, L 2 = − e3
2
 L = 4e 3
Solution 33:
As x → 0,  f ( x )  = 1 and  f ( x ) = 0
so the given limit is in the form 1
Solution 34:
Equal chords subtends equal angles at the centre of a circle,
if each of sides of length
K ( K = 1, 2, 3) subtends an angle  k at the given circle then
21 + 2 2 + 2 3 = 360
1 2 3    
+ + = 90  cos  1 + 2  = sin 3
2 2 2  2 2  2
1 2 1 2 3
cos cos − sin ...(1)
sin = sin
2 2 2 2 2
  1   1   3
sin  1  = , sin  2  = , sin  3  =
 2  2r  2  r  2  2r
 4r 2 − 1 r 2 − 1 = 3r + 1
r ( 2r 3 − 7 r − 3 ) = 0
 r  0 we have 2r 3 − 7r − 3 = 0
MCQ
Solution 35:
Address :
Solution 36:
1 − x, 0  x  2
f ( x) = 
 x − 3, 2  x  4
2 + x, −1  x  0
g ( x) = 
 2 − x, 0  x  3
1 − g ( x ) , 0  g ( x )  2
( fog )( x ) = 
 g ( x − 3) , 2  g ( x )  4

 −1 − x, −1  x  0
=
−1 + x, 0  x  2
Solution 37:
1
f ( x ) is obviously differentiable at x = 0 and xn = where n = 0, 2, 4,...
2n + 1
We get f  ( xn+ ) =  and f  ( xx− ) = − and xn =
2
where n = 1, 3, 5,...
2n + 1
We get f  ( xn+ ) =  and f  ( xn− ) = − and
2
f ( x ) is even function f ( x ) is not differentiable at xn = :n
2n + 1
INTEGER
Solution 38:
 x m f ( x ) + h ( x ) + 3 
lim g ( x ) = lim  lim+ 
x →1+

m → x →1 2 x m + 4 x + 1 
 h ( x) + 3 
 f ( x) + 
= lim  lim+ xm 
m → m →1
 4 x + 1 
2+ m
 x 
f (1)
 g (1) =  f (1) = 2 g (1)
2
h (1) + 3
Similarly, g (1) = lim− g ( x ) =  h (1) = 5 g (1) − 3
x →1 5
Address :
Now, f (1) − h (1) = −3g (1) + 3 = 3 1 − g (1) 
 a = 3, b = 1, a + b = 4
Solution 39:
sin x cos y ( f ( 2 x + 2 y ) − f ( 2 x − 2 y ) ) = cos x sin y ( f ( 2 x + 2 y ) − f ( 2 x − 2 y ) )
f ( 2 x + 2 y ) sin ( x + y ) f ( ) f (  )
 =  = =k
f ( 2 x − 2 y ) sin ( x − y ) sin

sin

2 2
x
 f ( x ) = k sin  4 f  ( x ) + f ( x ) = 0
2
Solution 40:
 3

 (1 − x )
2 2

1 1
I n =  x n − 1 x 1 − x 2 dx =  x n −1   dx
0 0  3 
 
1 3
( ) ( ) dx
1
3 0
n−2
= n − 1 x 1 − x 2 2
n −1
 3I n = ( n − 1) ( I n − 2 − I n ) or
In
= → 1 as n → 
In − 2 n + 2
Solution 41:
Hence, the continuty must be checked at x = 1, 2, e, 3, 10, 11, 12, 3, 5
Further, f (1) = 0 and
lim f ( x ) = lim+ sgn ( x − 2 )   log e x  = 0
x →1 + x →1
Hence, f ( x ) is continuous at x = 1
lim f ( x ) = lim− sgn ( x − 2 )   log e x  = ( −1)  0 = 0
x→2 − x→2
lim f ( x ) = lim+ sgn ( x − 2 )   log e x  = ( −1)  0 = 0

x→2 + x→2
Hence, f ( x ) is continuous at x = 2
lim f ( x ) = lim− sgn ( x − 2 )   log e x  = 1
x →3 − x →3
 lim+ f ( x ) = lim+  x 2  = 0
x →3 x →3
Address :
Hence, f ( x ) is discontinuous at x = 3
Also  x 2  is discontinuous at x = 10, 11, 12
Therefore, lim − f ( x ) = lim−  x 2  = 0.25 = f ( 3.5 )
x → 3.5 x →3
Hence, f ( x ) is discontinuous at x = e,3, 10, 11, 12
Solution 42:
x2
x sin f ( x
2
( 2
) )  2 x +  sin f ( t ) dt  2 x
1
lim
x →1 2 ( x − 1)
Applying L − H rule again. We will get 2 f  (1) = 4
PARAGRAPH
Solution 43:
3
e 1
A r =    A1 A 2 A3 ... are in HP
  r
1 e   1 
9 9
e 1 1
= Ar Ar +1 Ar + 2 =  =    − 
   r ( r + 1)( r + 2 ) 2     r ( r + 1) ( r + 1)( r + 2 ) 
−r
   3 
1 3 3
9 − 9
n
1 e  1 1 e  −  r
= lim  A r A r + 1 A r + 2 =   =   =e Ar
=e e
= ee  = k−r
n→ 2    1.2 4     
r =1
 
−1
 3 
3
n
1
= lim  k − r = ( k − 1) =  e e − 1
−1
=
n→ k −1  
r =1
 
Solution 44:
3
e 1
Ar =    A1 A 2 A3 ... are in HP
  r
1 e   1 
9 9
e 1 1
= A r A r +1 A r + 2 =   =    − 
   r ( r + 1)( r + 2 ) 2     r ( r + 1) ( r + 1)( r + 2 ) 
Address :
−r
   3 
1 3 3
9 − 9
n
1 e  1 1 e  −  r
= lim  A r A r +1 A r + 2 =   =   =e Ar
=e e
= ee  = k −r
n → 2    1.2 4     
r =1
 
−1
 3 
3
n
1
= lim  k − r = ( k − 1) =  e e − 1
−1
=
n → k −1  
r =1
 
Solution 45:
3
e 1
Ar =    A1 A 2 A3 ... are in HP
  r
1 e   1 
9 9
e 1 1
= A r A r +1 A r + 2 =  =    − 
   r ( r + 1)( r + 2 ) 2     r ( r + 1) ( r + 1)( r + 2 ) 
−r
   3 
1 3 3
9 − 9
n
1 e  1 1 e  −  r
= lim  A r A r +1 A r + 2 =   =   =e Ar
=e e
= ee  = k −r
n → 2    1.2 4     
r =1
 
−1
 3 
3
n
1
= lim  k − r = ( k − 1) =  e e − 1
−1
=
n → k −1  
r =1
 
Solution 46:
x
ln f ( x ) −
1
lim+ = lim 2 = −
x → 0 ln g ( x ) x → 0 x 2
Solution 47:
Domain h ( x ) is ( 0, 1)
Solution 48:
  ln l  
h ( x ) = tan −1  ln  2   0  x  1
  x 
1 1
1  2    0  ln 2  
x x
Address :
  1 
 −   ln  ln  2    
  x 
  
 Range of h ( x ) is  − , 
 2 2
Matrix
Solution 49:
(a)
 1
f ( x ) = lim ( cos 2 ( 2 x ) )  +  x + 
n
n →    2
Clearly, lim− f ( x ) = 0 + 0 = 0 and lim− f ( x ) = 0 + 1 = 1
1 1
x→ x→
2 2
1
 f ( x ) is discontinuous at x =
2
(b)
1
f ( x ) = ( log e x )( x − 1) 5
Clearly, f ( x ) is continuous at x = 1
f ( x ) is not differentiable at x = 1
(c)
  x
f ( x ) =  cos 2 x   sin 
 2 
  x
lim− f ( x ) = lim−  cos 2 x   lim− sin  = 0 1 = 0
x →1 x →1 x →1  2 
  x
lim+ f ( x ) = lim+  cos 2 x   lim+ sin  = 0 1 = 0
x →1 x →1 x →1  2 
Also f (1) = 1 0 = 0
 f ( x ) is continuous at x = 1
   (1 + h )  
cos 2 (1 + h )  + sin   −1
  2  
f  (1 ) = lim
+
h→0 h
Address :
   h 
cos 2 h + cos   − 1
  2 
= lim
h →0 h
h 
cos   −1
 2 
= lim
h→0 h
 h 
− sin  
= lim
2  2 
h →0
h 
2 cos  
 2 
Similarly, f  (1− ) = 0
(d)
cos 2 x, x  ¤
f ( x) = 
 sin x x  ¤
f ( x ) is continuous when cos 2 x = sin x,

which has x = as one of the solutions.
6

Hence, it is continuous at x =
6

If neighbourhood of x = is rational, then f  ( x ) = − 3
6
1
and if neighbourhood is irrational, then f  ( x ) =
2
− +
    
Here, f     f     f ( x ) is not differentiable at x =
6 6 6
(e)
Address :
From graph of f ( x ) , we can say that
f ( x ) is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0
Address :

Ekalavya Limits, Continuity Solutions

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ekalavya Limits, Continuity Solutions

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Limits, Continuity & Differentiability

1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (c)

algebraic sum of continuous function is also continuous.

x − 1 , x − 1 etc, are all differentiable at x = 1

 f ( f ( x ) ) would be increasing but f ( f ( x ) ) =

lim f ( x ) = lim+ sgn ( x − 2 )   log e x  = ( −1)  0 = 0

Hence, f ( x ) is discontinuous at x = e,3, 10, 11, 12

You might also like