ASSIGNMENT -1

NAME :DANIA AMANATULLAH

ENROLLMENT NO. :00-112211-055
ROLE NO. :271
BATCH : DPT -5
 ROLE OF CHOLESTROL
IN GOOD HEALTH :
Cholesterol plays an important role in several bodily functions, which means a person
needs some cholesterol in their system to function properly. Cholesterol travels through
the blood on proteins called “lipoproteins.” Two types of lipoproteins carry cholesterol
throughout the body:

 LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, sometimes called “bad”

cholesterol, makes up most of your body’s cholesterol. High levels of LDL
cholesterol raise your risk for heart disease and stroke.
 HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, sometimes called “good”
cholesterol, absorbs cholesterol in the blood and carries it back to the liver. The
liver then flushes it from the body. High levels of HDL cholesterol can lower your
risk for heart disease and stroke.
When your body has too much LDL cholesterol, the LDL cholesterol can build up on the
walls of your blood vessels. This buildup is called “plaque,” and it can cause health
problems, such as heart disease and stroke.
IN HOMEOSTASIS :
Cholesterol homeostasis is vital for proper cellular and systemic functions. Disturbed cholesterol
balance underlies not only cardiovascular disease but also an increasing number of other diseases
such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. The cellular cholesterol level reflects the
dynamic balance between biosynthesis, uptake, export and esterification - a process in which
cholesterol is converted to neutral cholesteryl esters either for storage in lipid droplets or for
secretion as constituents of lipoproteins.Cholesterol homeostasis results from the
network of complex processes mainly occurring in the liver. It is plain that
even an impairment in one of the factors involved in cholesterol metabolism
can cause deep alterations and, in turn, diseases such as FH and age-related
hypercholesterolemia.
Considering that plasma cholesterol increase is the main cause of
cardiovascular disease, cholesterol biosynthesis via HMGR and
uptake via LDLr were the targets of hypercholesterolemia treatment: thus
statins, able to inhibit intracellular cholesterol synthesis and, as a
consequence, to increase LDLr membrane exposure, have been considered
the golden standard against hypercholesterolemia. Nevertheless, since
disruption of cholesterol homeostasis can be ascribable to other factors in
addition to HMGR and LDLr deregulation, the current editorial highlights
how hypercholesterolemia treatment should be supported by a specific
diagnosis and, in turn, adapted to the identified causes of plasma cholesterol
increase.