Prelims Introductory Calculus, Problem Sheet 2

1. Find general solutions to the following differential equations:

(a)
xy ′ + y = 2x + ex ;
(b)
xy ′′ + y ′ = x − 2,
[Hint. Consider y ′ as a unknown function];
(c)
y 2 dx + (y 2 x + 2xy − 1)dy = 0 ,
[Hint. You may consider x as a function of y, and solve x in terms of y].

2. Find solutions to the following initial value problems:

(a)
xy ′ + y = 2x
subject to that y(1) = 1;
(b)
(sin x)y ′ + (cos x)y = cos 2x
subject to that y( π2 ) = 21 .

3. Solve the following differential equations:

(a)
1
y ′ − y = xy 2 ;
(b)  y y  y
x sin − y cos dx + x cos dy = 0.
x x x

4. Find general solutions to the following homogenous linear equations:

(a)
y ′′ − 3y ′ + 2y = 0;
(b)
y ′′′ − y ′′ − y ′ + y = 0.

5. Find the solutions to the following linear differential equations:

(a)
y ′′ − y ′ + 2y = 2ex − 4 cos x;
(b)
y ′′ − 3y ′ + 2y = sin x.