Revision on the grammar of the first two units

As soon as/After/When+‫ماضى بسيط‬+(realised/discovered/found out/knew‫ما ضى تام‬+

When she got to the car, she knew that she had forgotten the keys.
On+V+ing =When+clause ……………………………On reaching the station, the train had left.
By+(past period)+past perfect……………………By ten yesterday, he had finished his task.
Having+p.p./been+p.p.=After+past perfect
Having been punished by the teacher he was furious.
It was only when+‫ ماضى تام‬that‫ماضى بسيط‬+
It wasn’t until+‫ ماضى تام‬+that+‫ماضى بسيط‬
No sooner+had+sub+p.p. +than+‫ماضى بسيط‬
Hardly (Scarcely) +had+sub+p.p. +when+‫ماضى بسيط‬
‫فاعل‬+used to+‫ مصدر =فاعل‬+no longer+‫ مضارع بسيط =فاعل‬+don’t/doesn’t+‫ مصدر‬+any longer
‫ فاعل‬+ was/were +in the habit of +V +ing
He used to smoke= He no longer smokes = He doesn’t smoke any longer/anymore
‫فاعل عاقل‬+(be)(get)+used to/accustomed to/familiar with + V +ing
‫ فاعل‬+is/are +in the habit of +V +ing
They are in the habit of driving cars in crowded cities.
‫ فاعل غير عاقل‬+(be) +used to +((‫مصدر‬/ for +V +ing
The pacemaker is used to measure / for measuring the pulse of the heart.
It’s time +‫ ماضى بسيط‬+ ‫( فاعل‬Reminding/ Blaming)
You stayed up too late, It’s time you slept.
I’d rather +‫ماضى بسيط‬+ ‫( فاعل‬preference) /I’d rather +‫ مصدر‬+than +‫مصدر‬
I’d rather she went to the zoo, now. I’d rather go home than play.
I’d rather she had done her best yesterday.
I wish +‫ماضى بسيط‬+ ‫فاعل‬ I wish he came early to catch the bus.
The last time +‫ماضى بسيط‬+ ‫ فاعل‬+ (in /on / at) +‫تعبير زمنى‬
The last time Mustafa played chess was in March.
‫ فاعل‬+ last + ‫ ماضى بسيط‬I last saw him when he was a toddler.
‫تام مستمر‬/‫بسيط‬/‫مضارع تام‬ since ‫ماضى بسيط‬
It’s three years since we met. Three years has passed since we met.
While +V +ing → ‫ ماضى مستمر‬/ ‫ ماضى بسيط‬While driving the car , I was phoning my colleague.
While +(on /in /at / with) → While on holiday , I visited my niece.
Never/rarely/ seldom/little ‫ظروف التكرار فى البداية تحول الجملة الى ترتيب السؤال‬
Rarely did he stay up late.
Before that +‫ ماضى تام‬After that + ‫… ماضى بسيط‬He watched tv before that he had finished his
As = since = because…he can’t join the basketball team as he too short.
Since ola started school , she has studied Arabic and English.
The present perfect
‫ كلمات تصاحب الزمن‬so far / up till now / lately / recently /over the years / in the last month /
this (week) / the last + ‫ ( اسم يدل على حدث وليس زمن‬since (‫تاتى بعد‬
I haven’t seen the manager since the last meeting.
Since + …o’clock / last / then / arrival /birth / death / marriage
For + a while / a decade / ages / a long /short time / the last …as long as I ca n remember
‫ فاعل‬+ (started / began ) + to ‫ مصدر‬/ V + ing +period + ago
We started to learn English ten years ago.
Just = just now / a moment ago /a short time ago
‫ جملة تفضيل‬+ sub + have / has + ever + p.p.
He’s the tallest boy I have ever seen…… I have never seen such a tall boy.
Sub + have / has + never +p.p.+ such (a / an) + adj + noun
This is the first time + sub + have /has +ever +p.p.
This is the first time he has ever seen such a tall boy
Exercises
1-i wish I ………at my friend the other day.
a)hadn’t shouted b) didn’t shout c)shouted d) am not shouting
2-scarecely ………to the theatre.
a) he goes b) does he go c) had he gone d) he had gone
a)hadn’t shouted b) didn’t shout c)shouted d) am not shouting
a) he goes b) does he go c) had he gone d) he had gone
3-I’d rather you ………so late that night. I found it very difficult to go back to sleep.
a) called b) had called c) hadn’t called d) didn’t call
4-I wish I ………better education when I was young.
a) had b) didn’t have c) hadn’t had d) had had
5-hardly ………her first school late.
a) did she reach b) does she reach c) is she reaching d) she reached
6-never……… any time to relax until you had arrived.
a) I had b) did I have c) had I d) didn’t I have
7-my uncle was inn hospital last month. He……… there now
a) is left b) leave c) left d) leaves
8-I’d rather you ………me this file yesterday.
a) gave b)was given c)was giving d) had given
9-your success has………us all very happy.
a)made b)did c)let d)caused
10-When I………six, I started primary stage
a)am b)was c)am being d)was being
11-Nadia no longer works as a teacher that means she ………as a teacher
a)is used to working b) didn’t use to work c)used to work d)was used to work
12-It is time you ………your driving licence.
a)renew b)renewing c)had renewed d)renewed
13-my cousin had written a book and it ………as an e-book.
a)publishes b)published c)was published d)had published
14-mustafa ………tennis at that moment.
a) plays b)is playing c)was playing d)has played
15-mona ………us as he had no free time.
a) didn’t visit b) visits c) visited d) visited
16-I …………some pole tourists the other day.
a) meet b) met c) am meeting d)was met
17-Hassan ……… a romantic film and went to bed.
a)sees b)saw c)was seeing d) is seeing
18-I’d be over the moon if I ………first.
a)come b)came c)was come d)am coming
19-before he went to the zoo,he ………saw a wolf.
a) never b) didn’t c) hadn’t d)wasn’t
20-Just now, kamel……… to the cinema in the company of his fellows.
a) go b)goes c) went d) was going
21-What time ………when you arrived home?
a) it was b)was it c)did it be d)was it being
22-i wonder whether the police ………informed of the theft.
a)is b)are c)have been d)was
23-politics ………my father’s favourite subject when he was at university.
a)is b)are c)have been d)was
24-children must be sent to ………at the age of six.
a)to a school b)to the school c)to schools d)to school
25-the two billion pounds ………to me in my father’s will would be just enough for a business.
a)is left b)left c)are left d)was left
26-ten minutes……… .Let’s wait five more.
a)is b)are c)have been d)was
27-i wish mathematics………so hard for me. I have an exam tomorrow.
a)isn’t b)aren’t c)won’t be d)weren’t
28-fifty years ………half a century.
a)is b)are c)were d)was
30-for centuries, the wind ………to sail the ships and pump water.
a)was used b)has been used c)is used d)is using
31-huge amounts of money………spent on clothes.
a)is b)be c)was d)were
32-the company ………a lot of profits since he became in charge a year ago.
a)was made b)made c)has made d)has been made
33-when I arrived, my car………repaired, so I had to wait a little for the mechanic to finish.
a)was b)was being c)has been d)had been
34-luckly,I wasn’t going fast.if I ………I’d have had a terrible accident.
a)had been b)was going c)had gone d)have gone
35-as soon as he got out of his car, he…..dead.
a)had shot b)had been shot c)was shot d)has been shot
36-when he heard the noise of a knife………, he thought his wife would do it, so he cried out for help.
a)sharpens b)is sharpened c)being sharpened d)was sharpened
37-a loud explosion took place in the lab, while the experiment……… .
a)is doing b)is being done c)was doing d)was being done
38-she read the book before ………the film
a)see b)seeing c)saw d)had seen
39-over twenty people………killed in the demonstrations yesterday.
a)have b)were c)have been d)are
40-help, the house……….
a)is robbed b)is be robbed c)has been robbed d)was robbed
41-we ………three visits from our relatives this week, we expect more visits.
a)had b)had had c)have had d)didn’t have
41-i can’t remember the last time I …..to the cinema.
a)have been b)will go c)went d)am going
42-…………..how long have you lived here?
a)for b)since c)from d) with
43-……………when have you lived here?
a)for b)since c)before d) with
44-have you finished all the required targets ……..?you never let me down.
a)recently b)lately c)yet d) already
45-I’m starving…………… I’ve eaten nothing for two days.
a)for b)since c)from d) before
46-our schools have more equipment than they …………… .
a)used to be b)uses c)used to d) use to
47-i had invited him to the party, but I later realised that I ……………to give him the address.
a)forget b)forgot c)had forgotten d) has forgotten
48-by 2016,Mustafa ………….the preparatory stage. It was a great achievement.
a)finished b)is finishing c)has finished d) had finished
50-Mr Nan wishes you ………………benefit from this exercise.
a)get b)got c)have got d) had got
translate
Education aims at preparing a generation of scientists able to stand up to the monopoly of
science and technology by some foreign countries or multinational corporations.
It is a must that people cut the consumption of water. Demand for water will increase
whereas there could be serious shortage .you can make a difference by convincing others to
economize on water.
‫يجب ان تبذل الدولة قصارى جهدها لضبط االسواق والحد من ارتفاع اسعار السلع الغذائية عالوة على تحقيق االكتفاء‬
‫الذاتى‬
‫مصر فى حاجة ماسة الى جهود ابنائها المخلصين لتحتل مكانة مرموقة بين دول العالم خاصة فى ظل الصراعات االقليمية‬
‫التى تشهدها المنطقة‬