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Quadratic Equations
Quadratic Equations
Quadratic Equations
Nature of Roots
Common Roots
RECAP
Sign of Quadratic Expression
𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 , 𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 ; 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ, 𝑎 ≠ 0
For, 𝑎 < 0
𝑖 𝐷>0 𝑖𝑖 𝐷 = 0
𝛼
𝑂
− + − − −
𝛼 𝑂 𝛽
𝑓 𝑥 > 0 ∀ 𝑥 ∈ 𝛼, 𝛽 𝑓 𝑥 >0∀𝑥 ∈∅
Sign of Quadratic Expression
𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 , 𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 ; 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ, 𝑎 ≠ 0
For, 𝑎 < 0
𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝐷 < 0
Imaginary roots
𝑓 𝑥 <0∀𝑥 ∈ℝ
𝑂 − 𝑓 𝑥 >0∀𝑥 ∈∅
Note
A B
C D
In which of the following graph(s) of the quadratic expression
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐, is 𝑎𝑏𝑐 < 0 ?
A B
In which of the following graph(s) of the quadratic expression
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐, is 𝑎𝑏𝑐 < 0 ?
C D
In which of the following graph(s) of the quadratic expression
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐, is 𝑎𝑏𝑐 < 0 ?
A B
C D
If the roots of the equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 1 = 0 are non-real complex, then
which of the following is/are true ?
A 𝑎+𝑏+1>0
B 4𝑎 − 2𝑏 + 1 < 0
C 𝑎 + 3𝑏 + 9 < 0
D 𝑎−𝑏+1>0
If the roots of the equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 1 = 0 are non-real complex, then
which of the following is/are true ?
If the roots of the equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 1 = 0 are non-real complex, then
which of the following is/are true ?
A
A 𝑎+𝑏+1>0
B 4𝑎 − 2𝑏 + 1 < 0
C 𝑎 + 3𝑏 + 9 < 0
D
D 𝑎−𝑏+1>0
New Concept
Ahead…!
Class Description: 11th Quadratic Equations
Packager ID: 92273
Timings: 0:06:45 - 0:18:08
Duration: 11:23
Video Number: 2
Key Takeaways
𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐; 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ, 𝑎 ≠ 0 𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
When 𝑥 ∈ ℝ
➢ If 𝑎 > 0,
𝐷
Range: 𝑦 ∈ − ,∞
4𝑎
➢ If 𝑎 < 0,
𝐷
Range: 𝑦 ∈ −∞, −
4𝑎
Key Takeaways
𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐; 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ, 𝑎 ≠ 0 𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑎>0 𝑉
𝑎<0
𝑥1 𝑥2
𝑂
𝑥1 𝑂 𝑥2
𝑉
Key Takeaways
Example
➢ min −3, 4, 9 = −3
➢ max −3, 4, 9 = 9
Key Takeaways
𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐; 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ, 𝑎 ≠ 0 𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑉 𝑎<0
𝑎>0
𝑥2
𝑥1
𝑂 𝑥1 𝑂
𝑥2
𝑉
Find the range of the following quadratic expressions
𝑖 𝑦 = −2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 1, 𝑥 ∈ −3, −2 𝑖𝑖 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 2 − 1, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ
Find the range of the following quadratic expressions
𝑖 𝑦 = −2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 1, 𝑥 ∈ −3, −2 𝑖𝑖 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 2 − 1, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ
Let’s dig
deeper ..!
Class Description: 11th Quadratic Equations
Packager ID: 92273
Timings: 0:22:46 - 0:32:17
Duration: 09:31
Video Number: 04
𝑥 2 −𝑥+1
Find the range of 𝑓 𝑥 = ,𝑥 ∈ℝ
𝑥 2 +𝑥+1
Solution:
𝑥2 − 𝑥 + 1
Let 𝑦 =
𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1
On cross multiplying,
𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1
𝑥2 𝑦 − 1 + 𝑥 𝑦 + 1 + 𝑦 − 1 = 0
𝑥2 𝑦 − 1 + 𝑥 𝑦 + 1 + 𝑦 − 1 = 0
𝑥 2 −𝑥+1
Find the range of 𝑓 𝑥 = ,𝑥 ∈ℝ
𝑥 2 +𝑥+1
Solution:
Case 1: 𝑦 ≠ 1, 𝐷 ≥ 0
(𝑦 + 1)2 −4 𝑦 − 1 2
≥0
⇒ 3𝑦 − 1 −𝑦 + 3 ≥ 0
+ − +
⇒ 3𝑦 − 1 𝑦 − 3 ≤ 0
1
3 3
1
⇒𝑦∈ ,3 − 1 ⋯ 𝑖
3
𝑥 2 −𝑥+1
Find the range of 𝑓 𝑥 = ,𝑥 ∈ℝ
𝑥 2 +𝑥+1
Solution:
Case 2: 𝑦 = 1 𝑥2 𝑦 − 1 + 𝑥 𝑦 + 1 + 𝑦 − 1 = 0
1
We get 𝑥 = 0 𝑦∈ ,3 − 1 ⋯ 𝑖
3
So, 𝑦 = 1 ⋯ 𝑖𝑖
By 𝑖 & 𝑖𝑖 ,
1
𝑦∈ ,3
3
2𝑥
If the range of expression 𝑦 2 + 𝑦 − 2 is 𝑎, 𝑏 where 𝑦 = , & 𝑥 ∈ ℝ,
1+𝑥 2
Then find the value of 𝑏 − 𝑎 .
2𝑥
If the range of expression 𝑦 2 + 𝑦 − 2 is 𝑎, 𝑏 where 𝑦 = , & 𝑥 ∈ ℝ,
1+𝑥 2
Then find the value of 𝑏 − 𝑎 .
Basics to
Advanced
Class Description: 11th Quadratic Equations
Packager ID: 92273
Timings: 0:32:24 - 0:40:24
Duration: 08:00
Video Number: 04
Key Takeaways
Location Of Roots
➢ 𝐷≥0
➢ 𝑓 𝑘 >0
𝑏
➢ − >𝑘 𝑂
2𝑎 𝑘
𝑉
The range of value(s) of 𝑚, for which both roots of the equation
𝑥 2 − 𝑚 − 3 𝑥 + 𝑚 = 0, 𝑚 ∈ ℝ, are greater than 2, is:
A 9, ∞
B 5, 7
C [9,10)
D −∞, 1 ∪ 9, ∞
The range of value(s) of 𝑚, for which both roots of the equation
𝑥 2 − 𝑚 − 3 𝑥 + 𝑚 = 0, 𝑚 ∈ ℝ, are greater than 2, is:
Solution:
The range of value(s) of 𝑚, for which both roots of the equation
𝑥 2 − 𝑚 − 3 𝑥 + 𝑚 = 0, 𝑚 ∈ ℝ, are greater than 2, is:
Solution:
The range of value(s) of 𝑚, for which both roots of the equation
𝑥 2 − 𝑚 − 3 𝑥 + 𝑚 = 0, 𝑚 ∈ ℝ, are greater than 2, is:
A 9, ∞
B 5, 7
C
D
C [9,10)
D −∞, 1 ∪ 9, ∞
Location Of Roots
𝑏 𝑐
⇒ 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + = 0
𝑎 𝑎
➢ 𝐷≥0
➢ 𝑓 𝑘 >0
𝑏
➢ − <𝑘 𝑂 𝑘
2𝑎
𝑉
Range of Quadratic Expression (in a given interval)
𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐; 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ, 𝑎 ≠ 0 𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
➢ When 𝑥 ∈ ℝ
𝐷
If 𝑎 > 0, Range: 𝑦 ∈ − ,∞
4𝑎
𝐷
If 𝑎 < 0, Range: 𝑦 ∈ −∞, −
4𝑎
➢ 𝐷≥0
➢ 𝑓 𝑘 >0
𝑏
➢ − >𝑘
2𝑎 𝑂
𝑘
𝑉
Location of Roots
𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐; 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ, 𝑎 ≠ 0 𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
➢ 𝐷≥0
➢ 𝑓 𝑘 >0
𝑏
➢ − <𝑘
2𝑎
𝑂 𝑘
𝑉
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