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Class 6 Science Notes >  Chapter 2: Components Of Food

Components of Food
Class 6 Notes -
Chapter 2

What Do Different Food Items Contain What Do

According to the CBSE Syllabus 2023-24,

this chapter has been renumbered as
Chapter 1.

We eat different types of vegetables, fruits,

cereals and pulses. We all eat food to obtain
energy for our daily activities. There are
different components of food and each of
these components is required by our body to
perform different cellular activities.

What Do Different Food Items

Contain?

Food
Food is a basic requirement for all living
organisms. It provides energy for carrying
out normal physiological activities. There are
different components and they have
different nutrients. They all come together to
provide wholesome nourishment to us.

For Example:

Dal, eggs, meat etc contain proteins.

Fruits and vegetables contain vitamins.

Cereals, pulses, and oats contain

predominantly carbohydrates.

Oil, ghee, butter, cheese, pork,

chocolates, lard and cream contains
fat.

To know more about “What Do Different Food

Items Contains”, visit the link below;

What Do Different Food Items Contains

What Do Various Nutrients Do

for Our Body?

Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are present mostly as starch.
They provide us with energy and are thus
energy-giving food.

Wheat, Potato, Rice etc. are good sources of

carbohydrates.

Iodine Test for Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates present in all food items are

tested by the Iodine test. A few drops of
dilute iodine solution are added to the
sample food item. If the colour changes from
brown to blue-black, the presence of starch
is confirmed.

Proteins
Proteins are bodybuilding nutrients. They are
needed to build every single part and organ
of the body. They help in the growth and
repair of our body.

Eggs, Meat, Lentils etc are good sources of

proteins.

Test for Proteins

Proteins in the food sample are tested by

copper sulfate and caustic soda solutions.
The sample food item is made into very
dilute paste and the above solutions are
added to it. If the colour of the resulting
solution changes to purple, the presence of
protein is confirmed.

Fats
Fats are high-energy nutrients. They are
needed in a moderate amount by the body.
Fats are the reserved food material of our
body.

Oils, ghee, butter etc are the sources of fat.

Test for Fats

Fats in the food are tested by a simple paper

test. A little amount of sample food is
wrapped in a paper and crushed. If the
paper gets an oily patch, the presence of fat
in the food is confirmed.

Fibres
Fibres are materials that add bulk to
the food.

Humans cannot use fibres as a

nutrient.

But they help in the easy movement of

the food along with the digestive
system.

To know more about “What Do Various

Nutrients Do for Our Body”, visit the links
below;

What Do Various Nutrients Do for Our

Body

Nutrients

Nutrition in Human Being

Deficiency Diseases

Balanced Diet
A balanced diet is a diet that has all
the necessary nutrients in the amount
that is needed for normal body
functioning.

Balanced Diet

To know more about Balanced Diet, visit the

link below;

Balanced Diet

Deficiency Diseases
Deficiency diseases are caused by the
lack of certain nutrients.

These diseases can be treated by a

properly balanced diet.

If the body is deficient in vitamins we

get vitamin deficiency diseases.

E.g. scurvy, pellagra, Rickets etc.

If minerals are deficient, then we get

mineral deficiency diseases.

E.g. iron deficiency leads to anaemia,

phosphorus deficiency leads to weak
bones and teeth.

Vitamins
Deficiency
and Symptoms
Diseases
Minerals

Poor vision or
Night complete
Vitamin-A
blindness loss of vision
in darkness

Weight loss
Vitamin-
Beri-beri and weak
B1
muscle

Bleeding
Vitamin-C Scurvy
gums

Soft, tender
Vitamin-D Rickets and weak
bones

Crohn’s Pale skin and

Vitamin E
disease Rapid aging

Excessive
Haemorrhag bleeding
Vitamin-K
e with delay in
clotting

Osteomalaci
Calcium a and Brittle bones
osteoporosis

Twisted
Phosphor Bad teeth, limbs,
us and Rickets unformed
teeth

Low red
Iron Anaemia blood cell
count

Enlarged
Iodine Goitre thyroid
gland

To know more about Deficiency Diseases,

visit the link below;

Deficiency Diseases

Food Sources

Vitamins
Vitamins are the essential nutrients
that help us in maintaining normal
body functions and also to fight off
infections.

Fruits and vegetables are the major

sources of vitamins.

Vitamins also keep our eyes, bones,

teeth, gums and skin healthy.

A, B complex, C, D, E and K are the

vitamins we get from different foods.

Vitamin Functions of Vitamin

Keeps eyes and skin

Vitamin-A
healthy

Helps the body use

Vitamin-B1 energy from the food we
eat

Help heal wounds,

maintains healthy gums
Vitamin-C
and blood vessels, fights
infections

Keeps teeth and bones

Vitamin-D
healthy

Maintains healthy skin

and hair, slows down
Vitamin E
ageing, a powerful
antioxidant

An important factor in
Vitamin-K blood clotting, bone
healing and body repair

Minerals
Minerals are important substances
that help your body form and function
on many different levels.

Minerals are essential for various

metabolic functions including growth
and organ functioning.

Important minerals required for our

body are sodium, potassium, calcium,
zinc, iron, phosphorus, magnesium etc.

To know more about Vitamins and Minerals,

visit the link below;

Vitamins and Minerals

Learn more about the Components of Food

from the topics given below:

Components of Nutrients
Food

Minerals in Food Deficiency

Diseases

Frequently Asked Questions on

CBSE Class 6 Science Notes
Chapter 2 Components of
Food

Q1 What are the negative impacts of junk

food?

1. High sodium content 2. Excessive carb

intake and cholestrol intake 3. Obesity
and cardiac diseases

Q2 What are some of the healthy

foodstuffs?

1. Fruits and vegetables 2. High fibre

intake 3. Reduce saturated, oily items 4.
Cut down on salt and sugar

Q3 How to regulate our body with food

intake?

1. Eat at regular intervals 2. Do not

overeat or have junk food 3. Drink water
and be hydrated

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