UNIVERSIDAD DE ZAMBOANGA

Don Toribio Street, Tetuan, Zamboanga City 7000

The Impact of Stratified Online Classes on the Mental and Physical Health of 1st year
Respiratory Therapy Students

Group 1

HADJANI, MERFAT J.
SALA, HAYATI S.
HADJULA, FAT. SHEEHAM H.
RAMIREZ, IRENE S.
MOHAMMAD, AL-NAIF B.
NOOR, MEER WASEEM J.
JAMALUL, ALNADZRY M.
KONG, ACHMAD XENON H.
ADAN, NUR-DAYANG A.
HAMID, FATIMA A.
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Respiratory therapy education plays a very crucial role in preparing students for a career in healthcare,
specifically in the management and treatment of respiratory disorders. Traditionally, respiratory
therapy programs have relied on in-person classroom instruction, hands-on laboratory training, and
clinical experiences to equip students with the necessary knowledge and skills. The objective of this
study is to analyze the stratified online classes on the mental and physical health of respiratory therapy
students.

By examining the challenges and impacts of the scheduling conflict, the study aims to provide insights
into the unique needs and experiences of respiratory students and identify strategies to mitigate the
negative effects on their learning outcomes and overall well-being.

According to Heisler et al. (2021) Respiratory students requires more exposure to the major because it
is important to need an introduction course during the freshman and sophomore year to introduce the
respiratory care profession and provides an overview of the major curriculum. Increased
understanding of the respiratory care profession in early stages of having enrolled in this major, could
lower student attrition.

Research questions:
 CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW

Review of related literature

Hence, the research want to pursue this study to determine and identify The Impact of Stratified
Online Classes on the Mental and Physical Health of Respiratory Therapy Students

The COVID-19 epidemic has influenced organizations in higher education. Online instruction has
established itself as a regular practice during school closures, which could modify kids' lifestyles and
have a negative impact on their health. In conclusion, university students' mental health is unaffected
by school closings even when their physical activity levels during the online learning session
dramatically decline.

This is true for both male and female students. Furthermore, the male population should receive a lot
of attention because it has a different impact on them than it does on women when it comes to greater
intensity physical activity. These findings give medical practitioners and academic institutions crucial
knowledge for creating preventive initiatives that enhance physical activity, particularly among male
university students. Despite the link between inactivity and mental illness, there is still a need for more
research. These findings give medical practitioners and academic institutions crucial knowledge for
creating preventive initiatives that enhance physical activity, particularly among male university
students. Despite there being no difference in life stress or psychological discomfort between two
learning sessions, it is advised to closely monitor the long-term change in mental health given the link
between inactivity and mental illness. (Yu-Hsiu Chu & Yao-Chuen Li 2022)
 There are many motives behind the implementation of the online

learning experience. The online learning is mandatory nowadays to all

respiratory therapy students due to COVID −19 pandemic, which forced

the Department of educational authorities to start online teaching.

Today learners have instant access to information through technology and the Web, can
manage their own acquisition of knowledge through online learning. As a result, traditional teaching
and learning methods are becoming less effective at engaging students, who no longer rely exclusively
on the teacher as the only source of knowledge. ( Khaled Hamdam and Abid Amorri 2020 )

In addition to the previously mentioned issues of physical health, the pandemic may have had an
impact on students' mental health. "A state of wellbeing in which the individual realizes his or her own
abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to
make a contribution to his or her community," is how the World Health Organization defines mental
health. Social, psychological, and biological aspects of a person's life might have an impact on their
mental health.

Mental or psychological distress, in contrast to mental health, is characterized by depressive symptoms

and is a condition of emotional distress or suffering. When an individual's potential for adaptation is
strained or exceeded by environmental pressures, psychological stress may result. Fast societal change,
social marginalization, an unhealthy lifestyle, and physical sickness are all associated with poor mental
health. (Sandra Claudia Gewalt & Sarah Berger 2022)

Online education has emerged as the primary means by which educational establishments

around the world can continue to function during this pandemic. It took the support of

information and communication technology to make it possible for people to learn even in
different locations and time zones across the globe. Students' health, particularly their mental

and physical health, is one of the consequences of the shift from traditional to online education,

according to current discussions of online learning. At the moment, numerous studies

determining the academic performance of online learners have focused on the effects of online

learning on students' health. According to Mangis (2016), online learning strongly correlates with

functional health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), online learning is

equivalent to a sedentary lifestyle and is linked to a number of health issues, including high

blood pressure, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, colon cancer, anxiety,

and depression.

Respiratory students requires more exposure to the major because it is important to need an

introduction course during the freshman and sophomore year to introduce the respiratory care

profession and provides an overview of the major curriculum. Increased understanding of the

respiratory care profession in early stages of having enrolled in this major, could lower student attrition

According to Heisler et al. (2021)

According to Wiles (2020), students who take online classes have been more likely to

experience problems related to their increased screen time, such as headaches, fatigue, and

feelings of isolation as a result of the limited physical socialization they have had. In addition,

the study by Kaya (2020) found a positive correlation between online education and eye fatigue.
Irawan et al.'s studies are another example. 2020)

Malik et. Al., (2022) There are many challenges that people face in their lives. Recently, the whole
world was affected because of a unique virus known as COVID-19 or coronavirus. Objective: To
determine the impact of attending online classes on mental health among university students during
the COVID-19 pandemic in Lahore. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 215
undergraduate students who were locked down in their homes during the COVID-19 pandemic and
took online classes using the depression, anxiety, stress scale and online learning scale through
convenient sampling.

CHAPTER III
METHODS

Research Design

A quantitative descriptive design was used in this study. A design for gathering data and information
about the study’s topic elements that is simple to use and does not include lengthy statistical
explanations. The primary goal was to check out the effects of Stratified online class to the mental and
physical health of Respiratory students in Universidad de Zamboanga. a method of research that relies
on measuring variables using a numerical system, analyzing these measurements using any of a variety
of statistical models, and reporting relationships and associations among the studied variables. (APA
dictionary of psychology. (n.d.). Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://dictionary.apa.org/)

(https://library.cityu.edu/researchguides/researchmethods/quantitative)

Population and Sampling Design

The respondents of the study will be respiratory therapy students who are enrolled in Universidad de
Zamboanga school year 2022-2023. One hundred respondents from the Universidad de Zamboanga
SAM were obtained. A simple random sample technique was used to collect these students' replies.
Simple random sampling method is a type of probability sampling where the researcher randomly
selects a part of the section of participant from the 1st year level respiratory therapy students.

SECTION Sample drawn from the population

BSRT-1A

BSRT-1B

BSRT-1C

BSRT-1D

BSRT-1E

BSRT-1F

Data Collection Procedure

The researchers requested permission to perform the research study from the administration and
coordinators of Universidad de Zamboanga SAM. Following permission, the researchers created study
materials such as the survey questionnaire using Google Forms, an online survey tool.
Each respondent was given a set of instruments as well as the necessary instructions for completion.
The researchers will personally administer the surveys to the respondents online with the assistance of
the teachers and instructors. Following data collection, the researchers analyzed the data using SPSS,
and the findings were analyzed and interpreted. Participants will have the option of not using their
names in order to maintain their anonymity.

The data gathering procedure is shown in the flowchart below.

Seek permission from the school principal and coordinators

Create a survey-questionnaire
Provide instructions to the respondents
The researchers distribute the survey-questionnaire to the respondents
Data tabulation and organization
Analyze and interpret the data
Flowchart 1. Data Gathering Procedure

Conceptual Framework

Ethical Consideration

Ethical Consideration The ethics of the study are upheld while it is being conducted, and all potential

respondents' rights are protected. The researchers will ensure that all data submitted by participants

was handled in the most confidential manner possible and that the respondents are not harmed in any

way.
Prior to the start of data collection, an informed consent is given to each respondent, guaranteeing that

their participation in the study is fully voluntary and not forced. Each responder so has full discretion

over whether or not their name appears on the survey. Additionally, all collected data was treated with

the utmost confidentiality and privacy.

Ethical values are rigorously adhered to. The respondents' privacy and anonymity are greatly
valued. Researchers have a moral commitment to operate in the best interests of others (Jahn,
2011).

A member of the Ethics Review Committee will be present as a panel member during the
research defense to ensure that the aforementioned ethical criteria are adequately reviewed.