4 Pencils and pens 6 Crayons and pastels 8 Drawing lines 10 Drawing outlines 12 Drawing trees 14 Patterns 16 How does it feel? 18 How to draw shells 20 Leaves and flowers 22 Arranging your picture 24 Adding colour 26 Warm and cool colours 28 Close and far away 30 How to draw a landscape 32 How to draw a boat 34 Shading 36 How to draw a 3-D mug 38 Drawing animals 40 How to draw a cat 42 How to draw a parrot 44 How to draw a horse 46 How to draw a dolphin 48 Using grids Contents @® ene 50 Stegosaurus square by square 52 Underwater scene 54 How to draw a face 56 How to draw a person 58 Using photographs 60 Drawing from real life 62 Silhouettes 64 Drawing spaceships 66 How to draw a dragon 68 Telling a story 70 Cartoons 72 Adapting your drawings 74 Digital tools 76 Drawing as a job 78 Keeping a sketchbook 80 Pages for drawing 96 Credits and acknowledgementsA note just for you! Do you like drawing or think you'd like to try, but don’t know where to start? Pick up this book for some inspiring ideas. It is packed with fun and easy suggestions to help you draw animals, people, places, and cartoons, with plenty of space to try ‘At the start of the book are four pages on DRAWING out your own ideas too! STEP-BY-STEPS show you how to draw everything from your best friend to a fiery dragon. Pick up a pencil and get drawing! x? TOP TIPS give lots of hints and tricks to make your drawing better! “ea With lots of reo” cen Ra TOOLS — from pencils and pens to crayons and chalks. FEATURE PAGES show basic ideas about drawing, from how things are arranged on the page to how to use colour to show moods. TRY IT! spaces appear throughout for you to try out different ideas. 5% encourage budding Ortistsy At the end of the book, there are pages for drawing whatever you wish. It doesn't really matter what you draw, the important thing is to HAVE FUN with your drawing!Penci a ils and pens Fel drawi re a basic t rascal rawing, but wh ool of °U can Pen like to d vhat else do draw; Colo Is raw with? you pening using ? Here are some hea Whi sing mom ch = Addin». t-tip different pens to he of pencils and i p get you started! "IGht coy | Se Pencils Pencils con e hard or soft. The softer the enc, the e darker the Pencils are e given line it makes- mbers that tell you letters a how hard or soft they are. Graphite penci — ery 5 makes pane bie encl oe gorker, ae vines ena oper per. B (soft) makes dark. grey lines — SO Col 3H (mediv™ ou kes shar?» nerf ines Pressin Ted ne with ae harder nls ir le. Ted Softe, ss: (very her) mokes hang red p very light Hines of f ep pene —— he ct Prahtne ee Soe urs, ess eae ed erasers rub way pencil marks. 7Different tip sizes con be used for thicker oF thinner lines: —_ Pee R__These pens ore cially good for 5 a Srawing outlines = ‘ ens and detoils- iu Drawing ee great for Felt tips flow better on These pens a le smooth paper. Thicker Jear, sharp lines. Peop sheets can help keep the ce artoons an ink from coming through who draw the other side of the paper. comics Use these. as ® — ‘Fine drawing pens Use different pens and pencils for each Projerg Smooth paper L Op pe Ix and match! Digital art When drawing on a tablet, you can choose from many different tools. They can be thick, thin, or even textured like spray paint. Digital tools look like real ils, whichCrayons and pastels Pastel sticks and crayons are ond « Pastels, 3S w fs great for adding colour to your can Ihe wcge easiyy oMdery drawings. You can get allkinds Soyo), mee Nd ery SY of effects with these tools. 0 Dress i Nt nee "bby, Or, It's best to use thick paper with oil pastels because the oil can come through the paper. Conté crayons These coloured sticks are made of wax and chalk to make drawing easier and smoother. Conté crayons do not \Oit pastel smudge as much as , ke thick chalk pastels because ae tos of the wax in them. with colour. 1.% (6) WSCrayons . Wax crayons are easy to use but do not blend together like pastels. ___Kneaded erasers are sticky, to rub away marks from powdery tools like chalks and charcoal. ( b Crayons are great on any paper. a a <0P tip, You can get a lovely soft look with charcoal by rubbing the charcoal mark with a cotton bud. ©Drawing lines You can draw lines in all sorts of ways. They can be thin or thick, smooth and steady, or rough and wiggly. They can be long and flowing, or short and broken up. Lines might be straight for buildings or wavy for rivers. Straight 3 | Zig-zags are great F oa for drawing a tal 5 Deere $ lightning strike! : You might use You might use curly Curved spirals to draw _lines to draw a snails or shells,, piglets tail! > \o s & \ x ? cy c s Try wavy lines LE for a river or ] winding road.» per Pressing down To make a thinner line, Lines can be firm or soft, thick or thin unly teueh the sorallest Part of a marker's tip tothe paper, == depending on the type of pencil or Pen you use, and how hard you press. You can make your If the pastel is pencil lines fade pressed lightly on away by smudging the paper, the or using an eraser, marks will be softer and lighter. Pencil Oil pastel Felt-tip penDots and dashes Try itl Dots and dashes are one way of making your ~~ How many different kinds of lines can you drawing look softer, such ake? What type of lines would you use as showing a floaty cloud. to draw a rough, rocky mountain, or They are also great for ~~ Smooth and delicate flower petals? showing movement. Dots suueseeseoeserenes Dashes veren ere ab tenee owasccee eee aeeae Broken lines around an object might be used to - show it's shaking, Dotted, wavy line a “a 7, ~ yl, a Aah th Ge You might use a broken zig-zag line to draw a - partly-hidden path in a forest. . 40P tip, @ Lines can express = feelings. Gentle, light tines can feel calm, while faster, rs bold lines might show excitement.Drawing outlines When you draw an outline of something you show its shape. Once you have your outline, you can fill it in with lots of colours and shading. These sunrays are outlines, not just lines, so they can be filled with bright yellow. You can make Drawing people Stick figures are easy to draw, but outlining means you can add more detail, ° O With stick Outlines look figure, there’s more real and not much to let you colour in colour in. all the details, Shapes can be outlines in different colours. If you fill in with the same colour, the outline disappears « good starting point. What shapes do you see in this house? Outlines of the bushes use A wiggly, pointy outline shows spiky grass. (©) You can use thick, solid lines for firmer outlines _ Ss lots of small, bendy curves. You can outline in one colour, and fill in with a different one for contrast.OT How would you outline the objects in these photos? The first one is started for you. Look to see Where lines bend, get pointy, or make shapes such as the triangles in the sailing boat. Pencils or pens are easy to outline with. LoeLeafy outlines This drawing shows all the tree's leaves individually. I Draw two curved lines for the trunk, starting wider at the bottom. ¥ You can add leaves to the spaces in between the branches, too. Add branches spreading Outline as many leaves as you can and out from the top of then colour your picture in. Try using the trunk. different shades of green and brown. Drawing trees Here are two different wa f lys to draw a tree. One has detailed leaves, while the other 4 outlines the puffy shape of the whole tree, ©Puffy outlines This drawing outlines the shape of the whole area of leaves instead. Draw a wiggly outline showing the leaves as a group. ‘Trees have so many Pay i \ Wier overlapping leaves SAF 7 that they can all Y blend together. }\ Draw the trunk and Colour in the leaf area and trunk. branches disappearing Leave space to show the branches into the leaves. poking through the leaves. 40P tip, Start with your outlines, then add colour. Think about how leaves can change colour in different seasons.Patterns eg If you look around you, you can see patterns ) everywhere. Patterns are shapes that repeat, such as checks or stripes. You can see patterns in nature — in animal fur, butterfly wings, or on plant leaves. You'll also see them at home — on fabrics, wrapping paper, or buildings. Spotted patterns can be dots that are all the same size or speckles that vary in size, such as on this frog. Checks — R\ \ can vary in thickness Compare this check to the pattern on the scarf. straight or curvy such as on this fish. trtse= Checks are made il 1) ee ey up of lines that cross Mh each other. The lines Patterns look different depending on what they're on. What do the deckchair's stripes look like ~ are they straight or curved?Try it! Try drawing 4 favourite pattern that you might add onto wrapping paper: You might draw big spots, tiny dots, wide checks, or thick or thin stripes. Or try mixing and matching! 9 bE inspired 4 a? cal Tom & “hi nS on,How does it feel? Texture is how something feels to touch, such as soft fur or rough concrete. You can use patterns, & such as lines or dots, to show % texture and make your P ™ ' : . jamond shapes drawings spring to life. make a snakeskin pattern) 3 Fun with texture! Ss Short, gently Here are a few ways of re curved lines drawn nq different kind sue close together drawing different kinds @ make this furlook of textures. soft and fluffy. Use curvy, wiggly “i lines to show where lines that change an elephant's skin from smooth folds ond wrinkles. to jagged. Say, Clusters of small dots make sand % look grainy. & 5S raw cactus spikes as straight, skinny lines. facTry it! QJ) Fill in the shapes with textures. What kinds of pens, pencils, or pastels do you think would be fun for drawing scaly, wrinkly, or spiky textures?How to draw shells If you look at shells on the seashore, you will see that they have different shapes, sizes, patterns, and textures. Here are two types of shell for you to draw. Fan-shaped shell These shells come in pairs and they join Here are the together with a hinge. Sea creatures such as aarti scallops and clams live in fan-shaped shells. Draw straight lines Dre two lines from Draw some straight for the hinged part the middle of the lines from the curved of the shell, like three — hinge. Connect them edge to the central point sides of a rectangle. with a wiggly curve. to show grooves. Fill in your shell with colours and pattems. You can get ideas from these shell photos or make up your own! Here is the hinge.Spiral shell Moon snails are very large and live in the ocean, but their shells are a similar shape to land snails. This moon snail shell has a spiral shape. 4 Start in the centre of Instead of finishing Keep drawing until the shell and draw a the circle, draw the your shell is big curved line, as if you're _ line out and keep enough. Close off the drawing a circle. curving around open end with a line. and around. ‘ IF you want to add a snail, this is where its body goes! i oP tip, " Spirals are feat) My for dicing oleae) things such a Colour in your shell. ‘You could try straight stripes or wiggly lines.Leaves and flowers Plants are everywhere — in the countryside, in cities, and even in your home. Take a look at the leaves on this page. Each one has its own particular shape, colour, and pattern. Use this leaf to help . draw your own on He All kinds of leaves \_ the next page! l See if you can colour in \ pd the other half of these \ : leaves. Some have their ‘ outlines drawn, others . How many have lost theirs! Can ‘anal édlours-cant ry) you add them in? see in this leaf? Sunflower japle This leaf has lots of sharp om f Us J coe ADS, Cf tre veins clearly % 3.3.3 9 PS ee ) RNR rt. A Try drawing the hippo a ‘yourself after you've Try it! practised the circles here! We've drawn the first two ovals on the hippo. Can you draw the ones for the body and legs?How to draw a dog's face 40P tip, . ni . Many animals have Sometimes it’s easiest to draw an similar faces or animal's face one detail at a time. The Bodies one colours, and textur nose and eyes are a good place to start. 1 Start with an oval for the face, then add the nose. Add the ears. Fill in the outline of the face, making it wider on the left and narrower on the right. on thelr ski or fur help tell “them apart. NS pases Draw a curved line Draw three curves up from the nose. underneath the nose Add circles for the eyes to make the mouth. on either side. Add details like nostrils, teeth, and shiny eyes.How to draw a cat A cat might seem tricky to draw, but if you use simple shapes to guide you, you can draw one quite easily. Here you can see how to draw a cat in six easy steps. Press lightly os these circles will get rubbed out loten With a pencil, draw With a coloured pencil, a circle for the cat's draw around the outer head. Add two circles for — edges of the circles to make the body and three small _the outline of the cat's body. ovals for the paws. Draw three lines for the front legs leading to the two left paws. Add a small circle in pencil for the cat's muzzle. MuzzleAdd two triangle Rub out the 1 shapes for grey pencil the ears. lines. Trace over the head, muzzle, Draw the nose, then three curves ‘and paws with a coloured undemeath it for the mouth. Add pencil and add short lines for two ovals with a small oval in each the toes. Draw the tail. for the eyes. Whiskers are a few gentle lines. Now it’s time to colour in your cat! This one is ginger and has green eyes. For the cat's fur, try drawing vertical or zy slanted lines with xX coloured pencils. ny ; x0 draw any x 3 40P tip, For smooth fur, draw: é e c 2 € eHow to draw a parrot Parrots can fly high in the sky, swooping and soaring with their brightly coloured wings. Here is one way of drawing a type of parrot, called a macaw. A macaw Instead of using shapes to draw the body, try starting with the details on the bird's face and building up from there. Parrots don’t have long necks so just go straight From the head to the body. Draw the beak and add Add the head, curving the eye so it is level from the top and with the middle of it. The bottom of the beak. Carry beak on a parrot droops on with the body, coming down close to the face. to a point at its back.Tq ATUMMK The wings fold over the porate 7) long tail. Draw the parrot's feet, Add lines for the wings { then add in the branch and outline the long, underneath. pointy tail feathers. Now get creative! Fill your bird with colour and use pattems r to show feather textures. \ oP tip, Feathers near the head are so smalt you can't see them separately. They get larger in the wings, and longest in the tail. y fe pons Y @;, decorating your background with tropical flowers and plants!How to draw a horse Horses are tricky to draw but starting with circles can make it easier. Look at the way a horse walks and trots. You can try moving your horse’s legs into different positions to show how they move. Use a pencil to draw two cirdes for the horse’s head. Draw two larger cirdes for the body. TS Draw lines around the circles Draw circles for the knees to give the horse shape. Leave and ankles. Space them out space at the bottom for the legs. to make the legs long. o (i)Rub out the circles now as you no : longer need them. <0P tip, You can use these 7 same steps to draw 4 zebra, unicorn, or even a winged pegasus! Draw the eye, mouth, and nostril "%,, at the same angle " as the head. Connect the circles to outline the narrow legs. Add hooves at the bottom. Add pointy ears ‘ eo " See how the eee and an eye, mouth, back knees bend mane and and nose. in the opposite tail, then colour direction to the in your horse. front knees.How to draw a dolphin Many sea creatures, such as dolphins and whales, are a different shape to land animals. If you look at this leaping dolphin, you can see it has Se, smooth lines, with no hair or fur. With a pencil, draw Draw the narrow beak, then ; a long curving line. another curve for the belly. This _ This will form the front —_joins up with the first curved line. _ of the dolphin’s head A back.Dorsal fin \ptippers \cril fin Add a curvy triangle for the dorsal fin on the dolphin’s back. Draw two flippers and then add the tail fin at the pointed end. Now you can colour in your dolphin and add splashy water. If you want to, you can try adding a horizon line in the distance and wiggly lines for waves. Rub out the extra lines from the dorsal fin, tail fin, and flipper. Add a line for the forehead, then draw the eye and a smiley mouth! Try it! You can follow the same steps to draw an orca, or Killer whale. Use this photo to help you with the lines and colours, ©Using grids 408 tig) When you find an image that you like, if oUnER oe you might want to copy it and create PPI Irom eg / book, photocopy tl your own picture. Using a grid helps you ~ ae Net the to break down the details of a picture, “photo copied imagk so you can copy it square by square. Sg eo Drawing a grid A grid has been drawn over the top of this picture, dividing it into small sections. Look at the image to see how detailed The grid breaks up the picture that is being itis. copied. This grid has This grid has the been drawn |/same number of in pencil so it = squares as the can be rubbed one above. out when the A © picture is finished. Each square is copied one at a time.Copying the picture Here is a picture of an elephant with a grid drawn over the top. Look at how the elephant is placed in the grid. Which part of the elephant is in each square? Your grid should have the same Use a ruler to measure number of squares as the one you your grid and keep all cre copying. This grid is six squares the lines straight. high and five squares wide. \g Draw the outlines one square at a time. Rub out the grid before filling it in with colour. 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AaHow to draw a face A portrait is a picture of a person's face. Here is how to draw a portrait, showing where to place the eyes, nose, mouth, and ears. You could draw a =" self-portrait (a portrait of yourself) or a picture of a friend! Draw an oval for the outline of the face. Try out different Depending on the shape hairstyles! of the face, it might be rounder, longer, or have a pointier chin. Press lightly as you may 2 change your mind about the shape later. down the centre of the oval and a horizontal line across it. Draw the eyes on the horizontal line. Ve | Draw a vertical line Don't forget details such as the pupils and eyelids.Draw another horizontal line \ae between the eyes and chin. Draw the nose and ears between Dp these two lines. The bottom of the nose a By changing the shape of a feature, you can create different expressions. Add one more horizontal line between the nose and chin. Draw the lips as curves up and down >. from this line. Try adding glasses a ge to your portrait Add eyebrows, hair, and a neck. g > Erase the guide lines before adding colour. 40P tip, Colours add details your person's fa There are ma different c skin ton S.,Artists often use wooden models to help them a draw people. Ny These shapes giveyouthe J basic outline of the person. @ ES - Real people might be bigger, thinner, taller, or shorter. These Draw an oval for shapes are just the face, then add tojget started <= ; J the neck and chest _/ \_ underneath. How to draw qa person There are lots of different ways to draw a person. Try these steps to draw a person using simple shapes. Think about which parts of the body connect together and where The legs come +a down from the the joints are. J hips. Draw circles for the joints, such as ankles. Add the feet. I t Add a square for the hips. Draw two lines to connect the hips with the chest. Draw the arms with cirdes for the shoulders, elbows, and wrists. The hands end below the hips. °° < iChanging positions You can draw your figure walking, running, or in any position you choose. The circles show you where the joints can bend. Handstand The arms can stretch backwards or forwards at the shoulder. and wrists can bend too, ning Ror You can draw o figure in all kinds of The knees bend if the B,_ positions|_Z person is running. Clothes Once you've drawn the basic shapes, you can draw outlines over your person to . . . You can try different show their clothes, hair, skin, and face. hairstyles and faces The waist is : here but it is covered up by the shirt. Add details such as pockets, shoelaces, or buttons. YR 4&Using photographs Photographs are great for drawing from. They're very useful for giving the overall shape of something, showing details, and for getting ideas. Looking for outlines We use outlines to show the shape of what we're drawing. Look at this photo. What kind of line Can you see what kinds of outlines you Weull yout use for 7 jagged mountains would use for each object? like these? What shapes would you use for balloons? Which parts are curved? Which parts are pointy? Try smudgy dots and dashes for grass and flowers. Picking and choosing You don’t have to draw everything in the photo. Pick and choose what you like or what you find useful, and focus on that. Try putting your favourite _ detail from a photo into a scene you've made up.Try it! Try drawing from these photos. One is outlined for you to colour in and shade. Use the other to Copy outlines and textures, adding any colours or details you like!Setting up a still life A still life is a drawing or painting that is based on a specially arranged group of objects. The still life below groups together oranges and a glass of orange juice. You can try making your own still life at home. Arrange your objects carefully before you start. Can you see where the oranges are lighter or darker?. What kind of shapes can you see? How big is each part? wo Where are edges curved or straight? Pastels let you *& Kad blend colours Practise gradi smoothly and draw quickly. Drawing from real life You can make fantastic drawings based on OP tp, the things you see every day. You might Tae oestae sketch a tree or a flower, draw your best __«versihing In cetall . nae 's fine to just focus friend or pet, or make a still life out of __on one part that you objects in your home, such as flowers, fruit, or even your favourite toys! 60If there is lots of movement around See how you can draw the you, such as leaves basics of this bike with just blowing in the wind, a few strokes, instead of use fast, active drawing every detail. movements with your hand. If you don’t have much time, you can outline the basics first and fill in more detail later, at home. Drawing outside It can be great fun to get outside and draw something quickly, capturing the moment of what you are drawing. You can show a whole scene, or just focus on one thing.Silhouettes 40P tip; When you can see the outline of Sithovettes only . . work If you can something clearly, but everything easily tell what at x something Is from. inside its edges looks black, we say the outline it's "in silhouette”. Silhouettes happen in real life as well as in art. How they happen Silhouettes happen when it’s quite dark outside, often at sunset or sunrise. The sun casts a brighter light behind the thing you're looking at. It's difficult to see the details in this silhouette of a ship, but its edges are illuminated by the setting sun behind it. Portrait silhouettes were made by artists before photographs existed! Portrait silhouettes Portrait silhouettes show unique facial features clearly. The person has to be drawn from the side (in profile). Portrait silhouettes con be traced from a photograph and then the outline filled inSilhouetted scene You can use silhouettes to create atmospheric, dramatic scenes using any art materials you like. If you're using messy materials such as chalk or pastels, colour the sky and then draw your black eee chalk is silhouettes over great for the top. If you ing start with the colours in black it might the sky. smear ®__ You could use charcoal for the silhouettes Try it! Make your own sunset scene. The silhouettes Co! uld be of a house, tree, person, animal, city skyline, or whatever you'd like to try!Drawing spaceships You can draw from real life or from your imagination, or from both! Use these steps to draw a spaceship. What do ou imagine it will look like and who will be flying it? Will it be a spacecraft sent from Earth or from an alien planet? Da e 0.0 Cc! ap Start with a basic shape for the spaceship body. Here we have used an oval but you could try any shape you like. Start drawing details. This a ae has a large, round window on the top and on the bottom. routsNow add smaller details such as extra windows, landing § gear, or flames on the rockets. Then add a background and colour. oeee Ln or © OO @ avixneseri Th it! great for showing ry it! the night sky. Draw stars and planets Use thi: . by pressing firmly is space to draw your own spaceship. using chakor Where will it be flying to? oil pastels.How to draw a dragon « Dragons have appeared in stories and art for thousands of years. Sometimes they are deadly enemies and other times they are helpful friends. Follow these steps to draw your own dragon. ~ In pencil, draw circles for the Draw around your shapes for body, knees, feet, face, and snout. the dragon's head, body, legs, Connect them all with lines and feet, and tail. draw a wavy line for the tail. Give your dragon an eye and some ears. It could also have wings and spiky plates down its back. What details would you like your dragon to have? +5 your dragon like? Ts jg R ete? a Scary, friendly, or UO?Rub out the lines you don’t need. Fillin some more details such as horns and patterns on its wings. 40P tip, Drawing your Chinese dragons are celebrated dragon sothatit. —_ for their power and strength. goes offthe page makes it look bigger and more dramatic! Colour in your dragon and add in a background if you want to. Maybe your dragon is guarding precious treasure! ©Telling a story 40P tp, Choose colours that Pictures can be used to tell stories. help show the feeling You can illustrate a favourite story or eee poem, or a story you make up yourself! Here are some ideas to get you started. / ’ of Characters Who or what is the story about? Who are the main characters and what do they look like? Pirate Princess Astronaut = Monster Draw your own . character here! Setting Where and when would you like your story to be set? In a castle long ago or a modern-day city? What's the weather like? Draw your setting here. | °) amg =U 5 ‘x 2 o. daytime or ig' 2 Try it! Use the box to illustrate this princess story in one scene! The princess is riding her horse towards the castle to rescue her brother from a fire-breathing dragon! Now try illustrating your own scene based on your character from the previous page, or make up a new one! You can tell the story in one picture, or divide the box up into different scenes.Cartoons ** ’ "e KOP Hing, = ‘Characters. eg ‘to. * . Cartooi ns tell stories in pictu ries in pictures, which are * okins come 4 often funny. Th drawn bith gress are usually each box, so it's exaggerat ig, simple lines that bestia keapnne ea gerate certain feature: A ’ features simple who draws cartoons i: s. A person cre poeeesioge © cartoons is called a cartoonist. a4 Tee ed *! Cartoon symbols Cartoonists use symbols for showing how 4 character is speaking, thinking, or moving. The way speech t bubbles are shaped suggests different things. yr jy bubble peor soung, SHOT lines anand a figure make it @2 BO Took like it's shaking. wnt bu, Om! oo bbye Lines behind add speed to o I think I'd a pee aC like to draw (> 7 Pssst, ee a cartoon! =F, come here! » ; | 70 en eee ee 10°¥ bag ote et . © Tr it! v7 Try drawing your own comic strip! You can use © one or all of these characters, or create your own. * Make up your own story and add speech bubbles ¥ > and action sounds! _ pright Fett tips to colour in your comic strip! oeAdapting your drawings When you begin drawing you might have a certain picture in your mind. However, as you add to your drawing it can tum into something new. Here are a few ways Photograph of of adapting, or changing, your pictures. a butterfly > Changing the picture These four drawings of a butterfly are all based on the photo above, but each one looks quite different. CF. You might copy the photo using similar colours. You might draw a pencil sketch of the butterfly. You might add a colourful background to your butterfly. we might decide to keep the same outline, but change the colours.Abstract art An abstract drawing is one that doesn’t look realistic. However, the idea may have come from something real. This abstract drawing was inspired by the shape ot colours of a butterfly. Try it! Do you have any drawings that you would like to adapt? Use this space to practise changing an image. You could try adding colour or breaking up its shape to make it more abstract.xf Photograph of a beetle \./ Digital tools Many things that can be drawn with a pen or pencil can also be drawn using digital tools on a computer. Digital-drawing programs help you create hundreds of different effects and using them can be faster than drawing by hand. a, This tool erases | You can change your picture the shape or size wherever you of certain pons TI hs drow with it. of your picture. Black and white Erasing Reshaping Changing colours The colour of this beetle has been changed using a digital program. This has made one image into lots of different pictures. You can use digital tools to quickly fill areas of your image with solid colour. 2Tracing and changing Digital tools can make marks that look the same as real art \ materials. Digital tools can 7 be used to trace lines from ff a photo and then fill them in like a drawing. This can make A them look as if they were drawn by hand. The beetle has been traced and filled with small marks to look as though it was drawn with a pen. Patterns and copying When using a computer you can make 40P tip, exact copies of images and then change j . . Many phones and their colour and size. You can even make tablets have digit . . . drawing apps that new designs by repeating an image over you can use to a sketch ideas when - and over like a pattern. you're not at hom: ES eter Re if S z - + #, eh 4 Le You can print digital images onto paper or even onto T-shirts!__Drawing as a job If you are an illustrator, cartoonist, or artist, drawing is central to your job. But many other people use drawing as an important part of their job, too. Architecture Architects design buildings by making detailed drawings of what each part will look like. Traditionally, these were drawn by hand, but today it is often done with computers. Fashion design Fashion designers draw sketches of clothing to show how it will look when it is made. They create new styles and fashion ideas.Scientific illustration Scientific illustrators draw detailed pictures of things in nature, like animals and plants. They explain parts of science that arent easily shown through photographs. This is great for learning about the insides of things, such as the human body. Storyboarding Filmmakers use storyboards to plan their films. A storyboard is a series of drawings that show what each scene will look like. Car design = Car designers develop ideas for new cars. \ Their drawings show the style of a car and explain how it will work.Keeping a sketchbook You can keep a sketchbook to draw what you see around you. Record your ideas, thoughts, observations, and memories in your book. Draw from real life or from your imagination! Quick sketches are great for practising, and you can fillin = -—— details late Crosshatching and * stippling are great for shading, ¢ you don’t have colours with you, just add them when you get home. \You can make leaf rubbings using a wax crayon. <0P tip, ‘A small sketchbook is easier to take on long trips, You can ‘always draw more when you get he Sketchbook Sketchbooks are made of blank drawing paper and come in different sizes. The paper can be thick or thin, smooth or rough. You can use any drawing tools you like, but pens, pencils, and coloured pencils are easy to carry. oACharcoal is great for adding shading Famous sketches Artists throughout history have used sketchbooks to practise techniques and plan their art. Some drew in pencil, while others used ink, charcoal, and even paint. | Whole scene - "| Use your sketchbook for any kind of drawing! You can make rough sketches or finished drawings that fill a whole page. French artist Edgar Degas made pencil sketches of ballerinas to practise for larger paintingsee Ror Me eee) 6 ay ON ay Or we He ‘4 @ BA HEALMMNMOM ON TPR BbPe ave pi adwad omy Oy One Mi Milly FY Henan me0H CHRAW HH O7 oR QM Hag Yav se wom, Hee Matereguel Mag eee we we 4 nonmPamenn SPD OM | Maewgyrwan yd 4 &pene sen tan(ae A re a ane gt le PRS ! | | | | : AR AR Ae Ha nS ER NRE AN OH idiDK) ES me Senior Editor Marie Greenwood Editor Katy Lennon Project Art Editor Hoa Luc Designer Emma Hobson Jacket Designer Amy Keast Jacket Coordinator Francesca Young Managing Editor Laura Gilbert Managing Art Editor Dione Peyton Jones Pre-production Nikoleta Parasoki Production Manager Pankaj Sharma Picture Reseach Rob Nunn, Aditya Katyal Producer Srijana Gurung Art Director Martin Wilson Publisher Sarah Larter Publishing Director Sophie Mitchell Mlustrator Katie Knutton Additional Illustration Emma Hobson First published in Great Britain in 2017, by Dorling Kindersley Limited 80 Strand, London, WC2R ORL Copyright © 2017 Dorling Kindersley Limited, ‘Penguin Random House Company 109876543214 001-320931-Mey/2020 Alrights reserved, No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into retrieval system, or transmitted, in| any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwisel, without the prior written permission of the copyright over ACIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: 978-0-2412-8248-9 Printed and bound in Chino A WORLD OF IDEAS: SEE ALL THERE |S TO KNOW wow.dkccom The publisher would like to thank Polly Goodman for proofreading, Jemma Battaglia, Yasmin Mokho, Kiran Kheradia, ond Leah Panigada-Corey for edditionol illustration and Andy Crawford for photography. The publisher would like to thank the following for their kind permission to reproduce their photographs: (Key: o-above; b-below/bottom; c-centre; f-far; I-left; reright; t-top) 44 Dreamstime.com: Ixpfeer (clo). Thomas Marent: Thomos Marent (cb), 12-13 Dreamstime.com: Lowcoin {b), 13 Alamy Stock Photo: Donito Delimont (br) 14 123RF.com: Pedro Antonio SalaverrA~a Coloharva (¢). Alamy Stock Photo: ableimages (cra); Image Source (cb). ‘Thomas Marent: (cr). 19 123RF.com: Petra Schiller (1) 20 123RF.com: Mogaie Molloy (be); Dmitriy Syechin (co), Toigo (c). 26 Dreamstime.com: Roxana Gonzolez / Rabspoce (cr). 27 Dreamstime.com: Roxana Gonzolez / Rgbspoce (cl). 28 Alamy Stock Photo: Yodid Levy (cr. 29 Getty Images: Laurence Lobat / Corbis Documentary (c), 31 Dreamstime.com: Rostislav Glinsky (br); Volentyn Shevchenko (bl). Getty Images: Soswoto Chowdhury / Eyetm (be). 32 Alomy Stock Photo: Feng Yu (bc). Dorling Kindersley: Alex Wilson / RNLI - Royal National Lifeboat Institute (bl). 33 Alamy Stock Photo: MISCELLANEOUSTOCK (cr); Feng Yo (cra). 37 Dorling Kindersley: Gory Ombler / Burgess Dorling and Leigh (cro). 38 123RF.com: smileus (dl). Fotolia: Eric lselee (br). 40 Alamy Stock Photo: Cloudia Holzférster (x) 42 Fotolia: Elena Blokhino (bl). 44 123RF.com: Viktorio Mokarova (ft, te); John Young (ft). Dorling Kindersley: Stephen Oliver (cb). Dreamstime.com: Viktoria Mokorova (tl). 45 123RFeom: Stefan Petru Andronache (tl); M.G. Mooij (t). Dreamstime.com: Rebecca Hermanson (Ft) Mork Liedel (ft). 46 Getty Images: Stephen Frink (\) 47 Alomy Stock Photo: blickwinkel / Schmidbouer (erb) 50 Fotolia: Flena Blokhino (tl). 54 123RF.com: subbotina {alb); Vitaly Vatuo / domenicogelermo (tr). 55 123RF.com: ‘moriday (cra). Dreamstime.com: Rixie (br). 58 Dreamstime.com: Flenatur (¢). 59 Dorling Kindersley: David Peart (crb). Fotolia: Stephen Sweet (clo). ‘60 Alamy Stock Photo: Valentyn Volkov (tr). 61 123RF. com: just_regress (Gross). 62 Jamie Marshall: (cr) 64 NASA: JPL (bl), 64-65 Getty Images: John Davis / Stocktrek Images (Background). 66 Dorling Kindersley: Richard Leeney / Bergen County, NJ, Law and Public Safety Institute (tr); Scephen Oliver (cr). 67 Dorling Kindersley: Richard Leeney / Bergen County, NJ, Low and Public Safety Institute (bl); Stephen Oliver (tl). 78 Alamy Stock Photo: Art Directors & TRIP (ch); Noture Photographers Ltd (db) Michael Burrell (Notebook). 79 Alamy Stock Photo: Art Reserve (b) All other images © Dorling Kindersley For further information see: www.dkimages.com