Teacher Donna T.

Gonzales Learning Area Earth Science

Teaching Date May 14, 2021 Quarter Third
Teaching Time 9:30am-11:30am Grade & Section 9- SPA Alice Reyes

I. OBJECTIVES
The learners demonstrate understanding of the relationship between the visible
A. Content Standards constellations in the sky and Earth’s position along its orbit.

B. Performance The learners should be able to discuss whether or not popular beliefs and practices
Standards with regard to constellations and astrology have scientific basis.
C. Learning
1. Show which constellations may be observed at different times of the year
Competencies
(Write the LC code for using models (S9ES-IIIj-34)
each)
a. Describe a constellation, its origin and identify some constellations
observed in the northern and southern hemisphere;
b. Discuss whether or not popular beliefs and practices with regard to
Specific (Daily) constellations and astrology have scientific basis
Objective/s: c. Appreciate the stars and constellations in the night sky and its importance to
determining seasons.

II. CONTENT STARS AND CONSTELLATIONS

III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Materials
pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional Materials
from
Learning Resource (LR)
portal
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sv7OHfpIRfU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EFO_bsg1sw8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lSuAPFMXcYM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bcz4vGvoxQA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZffhapfOgg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BbzCA0Lgf3Y
5. Other Learning https://stardate.org/nightsky/constellations
Materials https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BbzCA0Lgf3Y
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBIS17Va9sA
https://www.space.com/15722-constellations.html
http://m.gulfnews.com/opinion/predictions-or-plain-guesswork-1.1272875
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wf16fm0oXVE
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zodiac

IV. PROCEDURES
A. Reviewing Elicit: Greetings
previous lesson or (The activities in this The teacher welcomes the students in her class.
presenting the new section will evoke or
lesson draw out prior Online Class Prayer
concepts or prior The teacher asks one student to lead the prayer
experiences from the
students) Online Class Rules
The teacher asks the students to read each of the online
classroom rules.
 Recall: Students may go to menti.com to answer the question
(https://www.menti.com/sdrgjgt97u)

Concept Check: The students are to answer a three-item

TRUE or FALSE quiz on CLIMATE CHANGE.
1. The greenhouse effect is a natural process that
warms the Earth’s surface. TRUE
2. El Niño is a climate pattern that describes the
unusual warming of surface waters in the Western
Pacific Ocean. FALSE- Eastern Pacific Ocean
3. Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in
Earth’s average surface temperature over the past
century primarily due to the greenhouse gases
released by people burning fossil fuels. TRUE

B. Establishing a Introduce the Topic: Constellation

purpose for the State the objectives: After going through with this module,
lesson you are expected to:
C. Presenting
examples/instance a. Describe a constellation, its origin and identify
s of the new lesson some constellations observed in the northern and
southern hemisphere;
b. Discuss whether or not popular beliefs and practices
with regard to constellations and astrology have
scientific basis
c. Appreciate the stars and constellations in the night
sky and its importance to determining seasons.

Motivation: WORD CLOUD using mentimeter

Engage: (https://www.menti.com/npjnd13t8e)
(The activities in this
section will stimulate
their thinking and Leading Question: What comes to your mind when you hear
help them access and the word CONSTELLATIONS?
connect prior
knowledge as a (Students are given 15 seconds to answer the question either
jumpstart to the by mentimenter, recitation or via chatbox)
present lesson.)
Let one of the students sing “Twinkle, twinkle little star-
with a twist”

Ask: How would you describe the size of a star? Is it really

little?
Do you know how many stars are there in the night sky?
- There are 400 billions stars in our galaxy and there
are hundred seventy-billion galaxies
- When you look at the night sky, the maximum
number of stars that your naked eye can see is
almost 3, 000 . However, during day time, the SUN
is the most visible and the brightest star in the sky
- Our SUN is a middle-aged star, about 4.6 billion
years old, and has about 5 more billions years of fuel
 to burn
- In its CORE the temperature is as high as 15 million
degrees Celsius, while it is a lot cooler (but still
D. Discussing new Explore: Question: Are stars the same in size, color and brightness?
concepts and (In this section,
practicing new students will be Now, the teacher discusses the Characteristics of Stars
skills #1 given time to think, namely: Brightness, Color and Surface temperature and mass
E. Discussing new plan, investigate, and and size
concepts and organize collected
practicing new information; or the BRIGHTNESS- depends on the distance of the STAR
skills #2 performance of the from the OBSERVER.
planned/prepared
activities from the Astronomers consider the star’s absolute brightness when
students’ manual comparing stars.
with data gathering
with Guide - STAR’S ABSOLUTE BRIGHTNESS is the
Questions) brightness the star would have if all stars were the
same standard distance from Earth.
- APPARENT BRIGTHNESS depends on how far
away a star is from the Earth. This is the brightness
of the stars that we see here on earth.
To illustrate this, let us look at the chart and compare RIGEL
and Sirius..

Question: How would you compare the distance of Rigel

and Sirius with respect to the Earth? Which one is farther?
Which one is closer to the earth?

Answer: Sirius is much closer to the Earth at just 8.6 light

years away, while Rigel is 773 light years away!

Question: How would you compare the luminosity or

brightness of Rigel compared to Sirius?

Answer: In the chart, Rigel is much brighter than Sirius

however, the great distance from the earth makes Rigel
less bright than Sirius

Next characteristics is the SURFACE TEMPERATURE

and COLOR..

- The surface temperature determines the

COLOR of the Star
Let us take a look at the chart of color and surface
temperature of selected stars and then answer Activity 1.
Activity 1
1. Which star has the lowest temperature?
Ans.: Proxima Centauri
2. What is the color of this star?
Ans: Red
3. Which star has the highest temperature?
Ans: Alnilam
4. What is the color of Alnilam star?
Ans: Blue
5. How would you describe the temperature of a
star in terms of its color?
Ans: Red star is cooler than Blue star
Blue star is the hottest star.
 IN TERMS OF SIZE AND MASS, the sizes are the
following:
- Red dwarf stars, most of the stars in the sky
- Medium-sized stars, sun is an example of this
- Giant stars
- Super Giant stars
Question: Besides color, size AND BRIGHTNESS, What
do we get from studying the stars?

F. Developing Explain: LET’s ELABORATE AND Let’s get star-struck!

mastery (leads to (In this section,
Formative students will be Question: When you look at the night sky, what do you see?
Assessment 3) involved in an STARS, clouds..etc.
analysis of their Do you see images of animals or objects? Yes!
exploration. Their
understanding is Observers in ancient times also imagined group of stars that
clarified and form pictures of animals, objects and people. These
modified because of imaginary groups of stars are called
reflective CONSTELLATIONS.
activities)/Analysis
of the gathered data Question: Do you have any idea how many constellations
and results and be are there?
able to answer the Answer: The sky was divided up into 88 different
Guide Questions constellations in 1922
leading to the focus
concept or topic for This included 48 ancient constellations listed by the Greek
the day. astronomer Ptolemy as well as 40 new constellations

Star maps are made of the brightest stars and the patterns
that they make which give rise to the names of the
constellations.

The maps of the stars represent the position of the stars as

we see them from Earth.

The stars in each constellation may not be close to each other

at all.

Some of them are bright because they are close to Earth

while others are bright because they are very large stars.

However, not all constellations are seen by our naked eye,

because it depends on your location and the time in which
you look at it.

For example:
- Those people living above the equator , would only
see the constellations located in the northern
 hemisphere
- Those people living below the equator would see the
constellations located in the southern hemisphere
- Those that are in the equator would see both the
constellations in northern and southern hemisphere
Also, we have Circumpolar Constellations and Seasonal
Constellations.

Circumpolar Constellations- never set below the horizon

when seen from a particular location on Earth
- can be seen in the night sky throughout the year
Seasonal Constellations- visible only at certain times of
year

The Teacher shows the Chart and let the learners answer the
Guide questions

Activity 2. Guide Questions

1. When and where is Taurus visible?

Ans: Taurus is visible during winter in the Northern
Hemisphere and summer in the Southern Hemisphere.
2. Is Taurus a seasonal or circumpolar constellation?
How can you tell?
Ans: Seasonal

3. When and where is the Southern Cross visible?

Ans. All year in the Southern Hemisphere
4. Is the Southern Cross a seasonal or circumpolar
constellation? How can you tell?
Ans: Circumpolar
5. Which circumpolar constellation is visible in the
Northern Hemisphere?
Ans: Little Dipper

Now, let us familiarize ourselves with some of the locations

of constellations by watching this short video clip.
(the teacher lets the students watch the short video clip and
introduces some of the famous constellations)
G. Finding practical
applications of Application:
concepts and skills -The first use for Constellations was probably religious.
in daily living
- A more practical use for constellations was agriculture.
The ancient peoples knew for example that when the
constellation Orion started to be fully visible winter was
coming soon. Or they could look at the Summer Triangle to
know when Summer or Spring were coming as well. The
stars allowed farmers to plan ahead and form agriculture,
and constellations made it easier to recognize and interpret
the patterns in the sky
Elaborate: - The constellations also helped with navigation. One can
(This section will figure out his/her latitude (North/South) just by looking at
give students the how high Polaris appears in the night sky. This allowed for
opportunity to ships to travel across the globe. It allowed for the discovery
expand and of America, the spread of European culture, and civilization
H. Making solidify/concretize as we know it today.
generalizations their understanding
and abstractions of the concept and/or
about the lesson apply it to a real-
world situation) Generalization:

QUESTIONS:
1. Why do some constellations appear and disappear in
the night sky?
Answer: Some constellations appear and disappear
in the night sky due to the revolution of the Earth
2. Why do constellations appear to move across from
east to west?
Answer: This is due to Earth’s Rotation on its axis

I. Evaluating learning Evaluation: Quiz

(This section will
provide opportunities 1. Why do constellations seem to change location in the sky
for concept check test through the night?
items and answer key A. Because the Earth rotates C. Because the stars move
which are aligned to
B. Because the Earth revolves D. Because the stars orbits the
the learning objectives
– content and
Earth
performance standards
and address 2. Why are some constellations only visible in certain
misconceptions- if any) seasons?
A. The Earth rotates on its axis.
B. The Earth revolves around the sun.
C. The stars revolve around the Earth.
D. Some stars disappear

3. How can constellations be useful to farmers?

A. They are used to tell the direction.
B. They are used to determine when to sow and harvest.
C. They are used to locate stars and galaxies.
D. They are used to measure time and tell seasons

4.Which of the following star is the coolest ?

A. Proxima Centauri- Red
B. Sun- Yellow
C. Vega- White
D. Alnilam- Blue

5.Which of the following star is the hottest ?

A. Proxima Centauri- Red
 B. Sun- Yellow
C. Vega- White
D. Alnilam- Blue

Extend:
(This section gives
situation that explains
J. Additional activities
the topic in a new Answer or Perform Let’s Create Part of the Module
for application or
context, or integrate it
remediation
to another
discipline/societal
concern)
V. REMARKS

VI. REFLECTION
A. No. of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation
B. No. of learners who require additional activities for remediation
C. Did the remedial lessons work? No. of learners who have caught up
with the lesson
D. No. of learners who continue to require remediation
E. Which of my teaching strategies worked well? Why did these work?
F. What difficulties did I encounter which my principal or supervisor
can help me solve?
G. What innovation or localized materials did I use/discover which I
wish to share with other teachers?