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Agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture
Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required
for its growth.
Solution:
Tea is also an important beverage crop introduced in India, along with coffee. The
tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates. It requires deep and fertile
well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter. Tea bushes require warm and
moist frost-free climate all through the year. Frequent showers evenly distributed
over the year ensure continuous growth of tender leaves.
Question-2
Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.
Solution:
Cotton is one of the staple crops of India. Major cotton-producing states are –
Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu,
Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.
Question-3
Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in
the interest of farmers.
Solution:
Abolition of zamindari.
Consolidation of smallholdings.
Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire, and disease.
Establishment of Grameen banks, cooperative societies, Kissan Credit Card and
Personal Accident Insurance Scheme, and banks for providing loan facilities to the
farmers at lower rates of interest.
Announcement regarding Minimum support prices to ensure farmers did not suffer if the pres
crashed due to bumper crops.
Subsidy on agricultural inputs and resources such as power and fertilisers.
Question-4:
The land under cultivation has got reduced day by day. Can you imagine its
consequences?
Solution:
India shall no longer be self-sufficient in its requirements of food grains.
Landless labourers will outweigh the ranks of unskilled – unemployed workers in
India.
More farmers will switch over to the cultivation of high-value crops.
Question-5
Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural
production.
Solution:
Organic farming is much in vogue today because it is practiced without factor made
chemicals such as fertilisers and pesticides. Hence, it does not affect the
environment in a negative manner. Indian farmers should diversify their cropping
pattern from cereals to high-value crops. This will increase incomes and reduce
environmental degradation simultaneously. Because fruits, medicinal herbs, flowers,
vegetables, bio-diesel crops like jatropha and jojoba need much less irrigation than
rice or sugarcane. India’s diverse climate can be harnessed to grow a wide range of
high-value crops.
Question-6
How did the partition of the country in 1947 affect the jute industry?
Solution:
Jute: It is known as the golden fibre. Jute grows well on well-drained fertile soils in
the flood plains where soils are renewed every year. High temperature is required
during the time of growth. It is used in making gunny bags, mats, ropes, yarn,
carpets, and other artifacts. Due to its high cost, it is losing the market to synthetic
fibres and packing materials, particularly the nylon.
Question-7
Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
Solution:
This Kharif crop requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with
annual rainfall over 100 cm. In the areas of less rainfall, it grows with the help of
irrigation. Rice is grown in the plains of north and northeastern India, coastal areas,
and the deltaic regions. Development of a dense network of canal irrigation and
tubewells have made it possible to grow rice in areas of less rainfall such as Punjab,
Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh, and parts of Rajasthan.
2. Which of the following crops are grown with the onset of monsoons and are
harvested in the months of September-October? [CBSE (CCE) 2011]
(a) Rabi
(b) Kharif
(c) Zadi
(d) None of the above
3. Which one of the following is a rabi crop? [CBSE (CCE) 2011]
(a) Rice
(b) Wheat
(c) Millets
(d) Cotton
NCERT Questions
5. Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop
is grown on a large area ?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) Plantation Agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture
Additional Questions
8. Jhumming refers to
(a) Primitive subsistence farming in Brazil.
(b) ‘Slash and burn’ agriculture in North-eastern states of India.
(c) Primitive farming in Malaysia.
(d) Commercial farming in Punjab.
10. India is the leading producer and exporter of ………….. in the world.
(a) Rubber
(b) Sugarcane
(c) Tea
(d) Rice
16. Which one of the following states is the leading producer of rubber ?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Kerala
(d) Andhra Pradesh
19. Which position does India rank in terms of rice production in the world ?
(a) First
(b) Fifth
(c) Second
(d) Fourth
23. A type of millet rich in iron, calcium, other micro nutrients and roughage is
…………..
(a) Bajra
(b) Rajma
(c) Jowar
(d) Ragi
24. Which crop is grown covering 12 per cent of total cropped area ?
(a) Rice
(b) Wheat
(c) Oil seeds
(d) Millets
26. Which one of the following countries produce 13 per cent of world’s vegetables ?
(a) France
(b) India
(c) Brazil
(d) Japan
28. Which crop is used both as food crop and feed crop ?
(a) Rabi
(b) Millet
(c) Maize
(d) Pulses
36. Which one of the following crops is commercial crop in one state while it is
subsistence crop in another state ?
(a) Wheat
(b) Rice
(c) Sugarcane
(d) Rubber
37. Which day is celebrated as World Food Day ?
(a) 11th April
(b) 16th October
(c) 10th November
(d) 15th December
39. A type of farming in which crops are grown using primitive tools is …………….
(a) Primitive subsistence farming
(b) Extensive agriculture
(c) Plantation
(d) Commercial farming
41. Which one of the following states is the leading producer of Jute?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Karnataka
(c) Maharashtra
(d) West Bengal