Slide 2. Measuring Precipitation.

Measurement of Precipitation is one of the most crucial and least known components of
the global hydrologic cycle is the precipitation. So that is the basic data required to estimate any
hydrologic quantity (such as runoff, flood discharge, etc.).

Therefore, the measurement of precipitation is an important component of all hydrologic

studies. Weather and water-balance studies too require information on precipitation.

Slide 3. Precipitation Gages

Any open receptacle with vertical side is a convenient rain gage, but because of varying
wind and splash effects the measurements are not comparable unless the receptacles are the same
size 21 and the shape 22 and similarly exposed. The standard gage 23. See the figure or picture.
The U.S national Weather Service has collector (receiver) of 20.3 cm. (8 in.) diameter.

Rain passes from the collector into a cylindrical measuring tube inside the overflow can.
The measuring tube has a cross-sectional area one-tenth that of the collector so that a 2.5 mm
rainfall will fill tube to a depth of 25 mm. with a measuring stick rain fall can be measured to the
nearest 0.25 mm.

The collector and tube are removed when snow is expected. The snow caught in the outer
container or overflow can is melted, poured into the measuring tube, and measured.

Slide 6. Tipping-Bucket Gage

The water caught in the collector is funded into a two-compartment bucket; 0.25 mm, 0.1
mm, or some other designed quantity of rain will fill one compartment and over balance the
bucket so that it tips, emptying into a reservoir and moving the second compartment into a place
beneath the funnel. As the bucket is tipped, it actuates an electric circuit. This type of gage is not
suitable for measuring snow without heating the collector. Heating of any gage, however, results
in deficient catch because of convector currents and increased evaporation.

Slide 7. Weighing Type Gage

Tinitimbang ang ulan o snow/niyebe na bumabagsak sa isang balde na nakalagay sa

plataporma ng isang spring or lever balance. Ang pagtaas ng bigat ng balde at ang nilalaman nito
ay naitala sa isang tsart, na kung saan ditto makikita ang accumulation of precipitation.
 Slide 9. Float Recording Gauge

In float recording gages the rise of the float with increasing catch of rain fall is
recorded. Some gages must be emptied manually, while others are emptied automatically by self-
starting siphons. In most gages the float is place in the receiver, but in some the receiver rests in
a batch of oil or mercury and the float measures the rise of the oil or mercury displaced by the
increasing weight of the receiver as the rain fall catch accumulates. Floats may be damage if the
rainfall catch freezes.