Feb. 5, 1924. Y F.

ZALLINGER
1,483,037
MEANS OF MANUFACTURING SPACE coveriNGSTRUcruREs such As ROOFS,
FRAME WALLS AND THE LIKE
Filed Jan. Il 922 2 Sheets-Sheet

422 z A

W%

till
Feb. 5, 1924. -- - - - - - - 1483,037
F. ZALLINGER
MEANS OF MANUFACTURING SPACE covERING STRUCTURES sucH As RooFs,
FRAME WALLS, AND THE LIKE
Filed Jan, ll, 922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2

424.426
3
A. 41%. A
7. 7- .

A A

A A.
ra

Witnesses: /avendor:

“:%ara
 Patented Feb. 5, 1924. 1,483,037
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
FRIEDRICH ZOLLINGER, OF MERSEBURG, GERMANY.
EAN's or MANUFACTURING SPACE-COVERING STRUCTUREs sucH. As ROOFS, FRAME
WALLS, AND THE LIKE.
Application fled January 11, 1922. Serial No. 528,460.
To all whom it may concern: and structures made therefrom in Figures 55
Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH ZoLLIN 1 to 16.
GER, a citizen of the German Empire, and In the drawings:-Figure 1 shows an
a resident of Teichstrasse 56, in the city of elevation of a frame work made from
S Merseburg, Germany, have invented cer straight battens. Figure 2 is an elevation
tain new and useful Improvements in
Means of Manufacturing Space-Covering of frame work made from curved battens.
Figure 3 is an elongated section on the
60
Structures. Such as Roofs, E. Walls, line C-D of Figure 2. Figure 4 is a sec
and the like, of which the following is a
10 specification. tion on the line A-B of Figure 1. Figure
This invention has reference to a method
5 is an elevation of a simplified roof struc
of assembling wooden bars, battens or ture. Figure 6 is a section on the line E-F
of Figure 5. Figure 7 is a juncture of the
planks or the like which may be manufac batten frame work according to Fig. 1.
tured on a large scale, and may be kept in Figure 8 is an elevation of a modified form
ls storage, into roofs, frame walls and the of juncture for greater loads according to
like of any suitable extension and span, and Figure 2. Figure 9 is a section on the line 70
of any suitable shape from but a few fun G-H of Figure 8. Fig. 10 is an elevation
damental shapes, such wooden battens or of a bottom juncture 11 of the frame work
the like being assembled into the desired according to Fig. 1. Figure 11 is a section
structure in a very simple manner, and by on the line J-K of Figure 1. Figure 12
means of but a few bolts or the like. This is a bottom juncture IV of the frame work 75
method results in the important advantage according to Figure 2. Figure 13 is a sec
of being able to manufacture for future tion on the line L-M of Figure 12. Fig
needs, inasmuch as the battens and the like ure 14 illustrates a single straight batten.
may be manufactured on a large scale with Figure 15 shows a single curved batten.
but a few fundamental typical shapes, and Figure 16 is a side view of the battens ac
irrespectively of the final shape and struc cording to Figures 14 and 15.
ture desired, and may be kept in storage to The bar or batten 1 (Figures 14, 15 and
any amount. The material of such battens 16) from which the roofs and frame works
or the like which, though preferably wood, are to be made consists of a board or piece
may also consist of iron, concrete and the of plank of unitary length the ends of BS
like, is thereby utilized to the maximum ex which are tapered at an inclination in one
tent of its carrying and loading capacity. direction with relation to the broader side
The battens may for instance be manufac 3, a hole 4 being provided at a small dis
35 tured from the boards and planks of ordi tance from the ends and of a diameter to
nary commercial shapes, so that there is no correspond to the bolts to be employed.
necessity of keeping large supplies of wood For straight roofs or frame works a
for roof structures and the like. The ex straight plank (Figure 14) is used, for
penditure of time for the drafting of the curved roofs (Figure 3) a curved plank as
40 structure, the expensive treatment by shown in Figure 15 is employed.
skilled labor, and the fitting together and The assembling of the battens or the like 95
designing of the individual parts becomes is effected by supporting the upper ends of
unnecessary. It also becomes - possible to the battens or bars of the upper rows at an
cause the manufacture of the battens or the
45 like by means of stencils, and their erection
acute angle upon the middle of the bars or
on the building grounds to be effected by battens of the second row, and by connect
help drilled for this purpose. This is a ing them with the lower ends of the bars or 00

point of importance in view of the lack of
architectural labor, and it results in a con
50 siderable economy in the construction of
SEinvention is illustrated on the accom
panying drawing showing bars or battens
battens of the third row, into a juncture by
means of a bolt at right angle relatively to
the direction of the third row.... An elon
gated supporting plate 5 is used for effect
ing a stronger pressure upon the entire
width of the wood. The fourth row of bars
05

or battens is again connected in the man

as embódiments théreof by way of example, ner described to the preceding row, so as
 1,483,037
to produce a frame work with a kind of ings of all kinds, cupolas and the like, may
inter-engaging meshes. The static advan be made. For curved surfaces it is only
tage resides in the fact that each succeeding necessary to use curved battens; otherwise
row of battens is connected to the middle of the method of connection is the same. This
the preceding row (Figures 1 and 2), the
strain and load on one row being trans
ferred to the middle of the battens of each
succeeding row.
For securing the junctures (Figures 7 to
0. 9) boards 6 are secured to both sides of the
frame work which are connected to each
other, by bolts 2 at each juncture, and are
nailed to the battens. In the case of single
loads it is sufficient to apply these boards 6
5 in the horizontal direction, as shown in Fig
ure 1, and in such a manner that they di
vide the diamond shaped fields into two
triangles; in the case of roofs they may also
be used as roof laths. In the case of larger
20 loads the two boards 6 are applied in the
direction of the battens themselves (Figure
1), thereby producing an I-shaped cross Sec
tion in which the boards constitute the
flanges, while the battens constitute the webs.
25 There is an obvious static advantage con
nected with this manner of construction.
In the former case the exterior board of the
juncture connection, as shown in Figure 1,
may also be used as a roof lath, while in
30 the latter case a system of I-shaped rafters
is formed which are extensively stiffened in
each case in opposite directions by the bat
tens, so as to dispense with the necessity of
Wind bracing in this construction. The as
sembling of the battensis continued in both
directions until the desired area of the struc
ture (Figures 1 and 2) for the purpose in
question is obtained.
The structure is enclosed at its top and
40 base (Figures 3, 10 and 11, 12, 13) by means
of boards arranged on both sides, and con
nected by bolts 11, and another enclosing
board for the structure is provided at its
sides. (Figure 1). In the case of roof
45 ridges a closing plank 7 and two ridge
boards 8 are used which are arranged to cor
respond to the inclination of the roof (Fig
ure 3).
The base (Figures 10 to 13) of a framing
50 as described may, moreover, be constructed
in Such a manner that the base beam 12 is
provided with recesses or incisions 13
(claws) for the reception of the initial bat
tens Spaced from each other to correspond to
the junctures (Figures 10 and 12). The lock
ing in the lateral direction is effected in this
case likewise by two boards connected by
bolts in such a manner that the claw or
recess 13 of the base beam is used as a wedge
60 for the tightening and pressing together of
the bars or battens.
By means of the construction and method
hereinbefore described any space enclosing
65
or covering structures, such as frame struc
tures, straight and curved roofs for build
manner of constructing frame work or frame 70
buildings is also applicable to other kinds
of material, such as iron and the like.
Figure 5 illustrates a simplified utiliza
tion of the method for smaller roofs in
which the inclined battens forming the stays 5
or bracing are made to connect the vertically
placed bars or battens in another ratio, for
example in about one third of the length
of said battens. Otherwise the construction
is What
the same, as already described.
I claim is:-
1. Space enclosing structural elements
Such as walls, roofs, lattice work and the like,
comprising angularly related elements, each
of which, extending in one general direc
tion, engages at its ends with approximately .
central points of elements which extend in
another general direction.
2. Space enclosing structural elements
such as walls, roofs, lattice work and the
like, comprising angularly related elements, , ,
each of which, extending in one general di
rection, engages at its ends with ap
proximately central points of elements
which extend in another general direction, 95
and the individual elements which extend in
each direction being arranged out of line
with one another. . . . . . . . ... . .
3. Space enclosing structural elements
such as walls, roofs, lattice work and OO
the like, comprising angularly related ele- 3.
ments, each of which, extending in one gen
eral direction, engages at its ends with ap
proximately central points of elements
which extend in another general direction, OS
and the individual elements which extend
in each direction being arranged out of line
with one another, said elements being se
cured together.
4. Space enclosing structural elements O
such as walls, roofs, lattice work and the
like, comprising angularly related elements,
each of which, extending in one general di
rection, engages at its ends with ap
proximately central points of elements s
which extend in another general direction,
and reinforcing members interconnected be
tween themselves and with said elements.
5. Space enclosing structural elements
Such as walls, roofs, lattice work and the 20
like, comprising angularly related elements,
each of which, extending in one general di
rection, engages at its ends with ap
proximately central points of elements
which extend in another general direction, 2.
and locking means at the points of engage
ment of said angularly related elements.
6. In a space covering and closing struc
ture substantially reticularly connected
separate, parallel units out of axial align 30
 1483,087 B
ment with each other, and connecting boards somewhat out of axial alignment with the
between
units.
the points of connection of said succeeding unit and having outwardly taper
7. In a space covering and closing struc ing ends units,
adjacent connected to theapertured
through outer surfaces of 15
parts on
5 ture substantially reticularly connected sep
said units at a distance from said ends.
arate parallel arc-shaped units out of axial In testimony whereof I affix my signature
alignment with each other and locking and in presence of two witnesses.
securing means between the points of con
nection of said units. FRIEDRICH ZOLLINGER.
8. In a space covering and closing struc Witnesses:
ture comprising substantially reticularly ar F. CHODEOR MosDRUs,
ranged parallel board shaped units, each EMORY H. LoRD.