EDLC 606

Learning Activity: Statistics Exercises Student Template Assignment

Linghui Gao

School of Education, Liberty University

Author Note

Linghui Gao Student ID: L33594988

I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.

Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Linghui Gao.

Email: lgao3@liberty.edu

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LEARNING ACTIVITY: STATISTICS EXERCISES STUDENT TEMPLATE

Type your answers directly in the document in the spaces provided. Please consider highlighting,
starring*, or changing the font color of answers for ease of instructor grading.
You MUST show your work to be eligible for partial credit.

1. (20 Pts, 1 pt each). Calculate the mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and range for
the following sets of measurements (fill out the table):
a. 20, 18, 17, 17, 19
b. 15, 10, 7, 6, 4
c. 28, 28, 28, 28, 28
d. 10, 10, 7, 6, 4, 79

DISTRIB MEAN MEDIAN MODE SD RANGE

a. 18.2 18 17 1.3 3
b. 8.4 7 4.27 11
c. 28 28 28 0 0
d. 18.33 8.5 10 29.3 75

2. (20 Pts, 5 pts each) Answer the following questions.

a. Why is the SD in (d) so large compared to the SD in (b)?

Because the (d) dataset deviates more from the mean than the (b) dataset.

b. Why is the mean so much higher in (d) than in (b)?

Because the maximum value in (d) data is 79, which is larger than the maximum
value of 15 in (b) data.

c. Why is the median relatively unaffected?

The median is relatively immune to outliers because it only considers the middle
value of the dataset. Once the dataset is sorted, the median is the value in the
middle, regardless of the magnitude of the other values. However, since the
median only looks at the middle value, outliers have little effect on it.

d. Which measure of central tendency best represents the set of scores in (d)? Why?
Median best represents the set of scores in (d)because in such situations the value 
of mean is distorted by outliers.

3. (4 pts) Determine the semi-interquartile range for the following set of scores.

92 95 89 65 99 100 85 67 72 99 85 100
Lower half: Median = (72 + 85)/2 = 78.5
Upper half: Median = (99 + 99)/2 = 99
Semi-interquartile range = (Upper median - Lower median)/2 =( 99 - 78.5 )/2= 10.25

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4. (24 pts, 2 pts each) Fill in the blanks on the table with the appropriate raw scores, z-
scores, T-scores, and approximate percentile ranks. You may refer to the distribution
curve below.

Note: the Mean = 50, SD = 5.

RAW z T Percentile
40 -2.0 30 2.3%
62.5 2.5 75 99.4%
42.5 -1.5 35 6.7%
55 1 60 84.13

5. (6 pts, 3 pts each) The following are the means and standard deviations of some well-
known standardized tests, referred to as Test A, Test B, and Test C. All three yield
normal distributions.

Test Mean Standard Deviation

Test A 300 75
Test B 250 4
Test C 40 12

a. (3 pts) A score of 275 on Test A corresponds to what score on Test B? __248.7__

b. (3 pts) A score of 400 on Test A corresponds to what score on Test C? ____56

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6. (12 pts, 2 pts each) The Graduate Record Exam (GRE) has a combined verbal and
quantitative mean of 1000 and a standard deviation of 200. Scores range from 200 to 1600
and are approximately normally distributed. For each of the following problems, indicate the
percentage or score called for by the problem and select the appropriate distribution curve
(from below) that relates to the problem.

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a. (2 pts) What percentage of the persons who take the test score below 600?
_2.28%__

b. (2 pts) Type the curve best representing your answer: _E__

c. (2 pts) What percentage of the persons who take the test score below 1200?
_84.13%__

d. (2 pts) Type the curve best representing your answer: _C__

e. (2 pts) Above what score do the top 2.27% of the test-takers score? _1400__

f. (2 pts) Type the curve best representing your answer: _B__

7. (14 pts, varied) Refer to the following data and scatterplots to respond to questions 7a-e.

Individua Body Mass

l Years of School Index
A 21 18
B 18 20
C 17 33 Figure A
D 17 29 40
E 14 31 35
30
Body Mass Index

F 11 32
25
G 22 19 20
H 23 21 15
I 16 33 10
J 22 36 5
0
K 17 30 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
L 15 28 Years of School
M 17 20
N 12 28
O 14 33
P 13 29

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Figure B
40
35
30
Body Mass Index

25
20
15
10
5
0
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Years of School

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Figure A represents a scatterplot constructed from the data; Figure B represents a regression line
drawn through the scatterplot that “fits” the data points reasonably well; Figure C represents an
ellipse drawn around the data points.

a. (2 pts.) What is the overall direction of the correlation? _Negative__

b. (2 pts.) Estimate the strength of the correlation coefficient: _ medium negative__

Consider Figure D (below).

Figure D
40
35
30
Body Mass Index

25
20
15
10
5
0
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Years of School

c. (2 pts.) Using only the data points associated with the years of school above 16;
what effect does this have on the direction and strength of the correlation
coefficient?

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Using only the data points associated with the years of school above 16, there will be red
uction in strength and direction of the correlation , as all those points are slightly scattere
d.

d. (4 pts.) Explain why this is the case.

They don't much contribute in the strength as all those points associated with
the years of school above 16 are slightly scattered.

e. (4 pts.) Identify how likely it is that a causal relationship has been indicated.
As years of school increases, Student tends to join Gyms and sports, which might reduce
their BMI. As years of school increases BMI index goes down, so causal relationship has
been indicated by that straight line.

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