2.

Social Modeling

I, Me and Myself and My User ID Observing those who practice high self-efficacy in their
Online lives and who have reached their goals despite
hardships can provide great motivation to a person.
Bandura notes that it is necessary to draw role-models
from one’s own social surroundings. In this age,
internet and social media can be big source of
employing role-models.

3. Social Persuasion

It is about finding the right mentor. Social Persuasion is

about having other’s (role model) directly influence
one’s self-efficacy by providing opportunities to master
experience. These social persuasion may are mentors
that are knowledgeable and practices what they
preach.

4. States of Physiology

Our own emotions, moods and physical state can

influence our interpretation of self-efficacy. Having
Bandura’s Self- Efficacy feeling of tension, anxiety and weariness can lower our
self-efficacy. Positive emotion can help build positive
Albert Bandura - one of the most renowned
insight for high self-efficacy to a person.
psychologist. He has made significant contributions to
all branches of psychology

Self-Efficacy Theory - is part of his Social Cognitive Dweck’s Mindset Theory

Theory (or Social Learning Theory) which is a
fundamental to positive psychology. Carol S. Dweck - Mindset Theory is Another learning
theory that explains persons acquiring of intelligence
Self-Efficacy - is commonly defined as the belief in and realizing his/her goals; she is a psychologist from
one’s capabilities to achieve agoal or an outcome. It is Stanford University that tries to explain the way to
the ability to influence events that affect one’s life and understand the effects of learning and education to a
controlthe way these events are experienced (Bandura, person.
1994).
“Mindset” is a term used by Dweck to explain the
Students with high self-efficacy may be more likely to assumptions, methods, or notations held by one or
challenge themselves with difficult tasks and be highly more people or group of people. It represents the
motivated to achieve the task; student with low self- cognitive processes activated in response to a given
efficacy, believe that they cannot be successful and task.
will less likely to make extended effort and may
consider challenging task to be avoided. Fixed mindset - (before termed as entity mindset) is an
innate or in-born personality of a person. It is basically
“who you are”, how God made you.
Four Ways to Build Self-Efficacy Growth Mindset - (or the Incremental mindset), where
people believe that training and an effort to learn can
1. Mastery Experience
change one’s qualities and traits.
Every experience is not always positive outcome. It
It is then said that acquiring a Growth Mindset is much
may also bring failure. This experience’s will help us
better kind of mindset because it attributes success to
build resilience thru treating failure as learning
learning and continuous practice. Thus, the individual
opportunity and chance to reach our goal with
is not afraid of failure, it only directs the person to
different approach.
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need to practice more, pay attention, invest on effort,
and master new learning.
Goal Setting Theory
Dr. Edwin Locke - pioneers a research in 1960s’ about
setting goals. This theory was more known to work or
industrial setting, much from where the SMART goal
originated.
It was also then after several years he collaborated
with Dr. Gary Latham to a seminal work “A Theory of
Goal Setting and Task Performance.
Goal Setting Theory states that there is a relationship
between how difficult and specific a goal was and the
people’s performance task.
Five Principles of Goal Setting
a. Clarity – Clear, measurable, and unambiguous
(specific) goals.
b. Challenge –Set a level of challenge to beat yourself
with.
c. Commitment – The more harder the goal, the more
commitment is required.
d. Feedback – Listen to feedback from people to
provide opportunities to clarify expectations, adjust
goal difficulty and gain recognition.
e. Task Complexity – The more complicated and
demanding the role would give high level of motivation
to a person.
Stressors and Reponses
Stress is person’s response to events that threaten
them.
Health Psychology, a newer subfield of psychology,
investigates the psychological factors such as stress of
different kind and in different situation. It also includes
coping mechanism, prevention, diagnosis and
treatment.
Self-compassion is composed of three main
components: (1) self-kindness, (2) a sense of common
humanity and (3) mindfulness.
Self-compassion is not self-pity, self-indulgence and
self- esteem (Neff, 2003).
Main Components of Self-compassion
Self-kindness
• Being warm and understanding when she/he
suffer, fail or feel inadequate rather than self-
critical
• Recognizing imperfection and consider life
difficulties as inevitable
• Acknowledging problems and shortcomings
without judgment
• Tendency to be gentle when confronted with
painful experience
Common Humanity
• Suffering and individual deficiency is part of
human existence
Mindfulness
• Nonjudgmental, receptive mind-state in which
thoughts and feeling are observed
• Equilibrated stance in terms negative emotions
,feelings are neither suppressed or
exaggerated
• Inadequacies are ignored and distorted
Benefits of Self-compassion
• Self-compassion enhances motivation.
• Self-compassion promotes health-related
behaviors.
• Self-compassion benefits interpersonal
relationships.
• Self-compassion predicts happiness and
optimism.
• Self-compassion enhances well-being.
*Review all these terms and understand its essence so you
can still identify them if it’s based on a scenario or sample*
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