d{kk & lkroha vH;kl dk;Z

fo’k;& fgUnh
Ikz-1 fuEufyf[kr xn~;ka”k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz”uksa ds mRrj fyf[k,&
fon~;kFkhZ dk vgadkj vko”;drk ls vf/kd c<+rk tk jgk gS vkSj nwljs mldk
/;ku vf/kdkj ikus esa gS] viuk dRrZO; iwjk djus esa ugha Avga cqjh pht+ dgh
tk ldrh gS A;g lc esa gksrk gSA,d lhek rd vko”;d Hkh gS]ijUrq vkt ds
fon~;kfFkZ;ksa esa bruk c<+ x;k gS fd fou; ds xq.k muesa uke ek= dks ugha jg
x, gSAa xq#tuksa ;k cM+kas dh ckr dk fojks/k djuk muds thou dk vax cu x;k
gS A bUgha ckrksa ds dkj.k fon~;kFkhZ vius mu vf/kdkjksa dks ]ftuds os vf/kdkjh
ughsa gSa mls Hkh os viuk le>us yxs gSaA vf/kdkj vkSj dRrZO; nksuksa ,d &nwljs
ls tqM+s jgrs gSa ALoLFk fLFkfr ogh dgh tk ldrh gS]tc nksuksa dk larqyu gks A
vkt dk fon~;kFkhZ vf/kdkj ds izfr ltx gS ]ijUrq og vius dRRkZO;ksa dh vksj ls
foeq[k gSA

1-fon~;kFkhZ izk;% fdldk fojks/k djrs gSa \

2-fon~;kFkhZ esa fdlds izfr ltxrk vf/kd gS \
3-vk/kqfud fon~;kfFkZ;ks esa uezrk dh deh D;ksa gksrh tk jgh gS \
4-mi;qZDr xn~;ka”k dk mfpr “kh’kZd nhft,A
5-fon~;kFkhZ fdlds izfr foeq[k gks x;k gS \
2-fuEufyf[kr dkO;ka”k dks i<+dj fn, x, iz”uksa ds mRrj nhft,%&

dgrh gS lkjh nqfu;k ftls fdLer ]

uke gS mldk gdhdr esa esgur A
tks jprs gSa ][kqn viuh fdLer ]os dgs tkrs gSa lkglh ]
tks djrs gSa bZ”oj ls f”kdk;r ]os dgs tkrs gSa vkylh A
tks :d x;k ]feV x;k mldk ukeksa &fu”kk¡ ]
tks pyrk jgk viuh eaft+y oks ik x;k A
[kq”kh ds gdnkj gSa ogh ftUgksaus nq[k dks lgk ]
 NksM+ ds nkeu Qwyksa dk ]dk¡Vksa dh jkgksa dks pqukA]
fujk”kk dk va/kdkj feVkdj ]vk”kk ds nhi tykvks ]
NksM+ HkkX; dh nqgkbZ ]viuh fdLer Lo;a cukvks A

1-gdhdr esa fdLer fdls dgrs gSa \

¼d½ esgur dks ¼[k½ lkgl dks ¼x½ vkyl dks ¼?k½ fujk”kk dksA

2-bZ”oj ls f”kdk;r dkSu djrs gSa \

¼d½ esgurh ¼[k½ lkglh ¼x½ vkylh ¼?k½ fujk”kkoknh A

3-dfo us fujk”kk dk va/kdkj feVkdj dkSu ls nhi tykus dk lans”k fn;k gS \

¼d½ rsy ds ¼[k½ fujk”kk ds ¼x½ ?kh ds ¼?k½ vk”kk ds A

4-dkO;ka”k esa viuh fdLer Lo;a jpus okyksa dks D;k dgk x;k gS \
¼d½ esgurh ¼[k½ fujk”kkoknh ¼x½ vkylh ¼?k½ lkglh A

5- dfo us dkSu &lh jkgksa dks pquus ds fy, dgk gS\

¼d½ Qwyksa dh ¼[k½ iRFkjksa dh ¼x½ dk¡Vksa dh ¼?k½ mEehn dh A

Ikz3- ¼d-½ fuEufyf[kr “kCnksa esa mi;qDr fpg~u ¼vuqLokj@vuqukfld½ dk iz;ksx

dj iqu%
fyf[k,& (i)lxhr (ii) dqvk (iii) Lor= (iv) egxh

¼[k½-fuEufyf[kr “kCnksa dk rRle@rn~Hko :Ik fyf[k, (i) gkFkh (ii) r`.k (iii)x/kk]

¼x½ okD;ka”k ds fy, ,d “kCn fyf[k,

(i)tks vius ij chrh gks (ii) ftldh rqyuk u gks

¼?k½ (i),jk rFkk (ii) vkd izR;; yxkdj nks u, “kCn cukb,A

¼M½- (i) iatkc rFkk (ii) tUe&ej.k dk lekl foxzg djds muds Hksn Hkh fyf[k,A
¼p½ ` र
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) ध

¼N½ र
(i) (ii) र (ii)
(Tk) (i) (ii)

(>)
(i) (ii)

(é) र