P kbar

0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14

0
N ot
Ze real
ized
ol
ite Pu o nE
arth
Pr mp
eh el

200
ni lyit
te e
- Bl
ue
G M sc
re od hi
en el st
Ge
sc ot
he

400
hi rm
st

And

T ˚C
Ec

Epid
lo

Sil
Amp ote
g

hibo
it

lite

600
e

Am
Gr

phi
an

bol
ite
ite
mi
3

800
Gran
0

u
nim
°

lite
C

um
m/k

(modified from Spear, 1993)

1000
 Abbreviation Formula Description
Ab NaAlSi3O8 albite
Act []Ca2(Mg,Fe)5(Si8)O22(OH)2 actinolite
A = AlO 3/2 (modified from Spear, 1993) Alm
An
Fe3Al2(SiO4)3
CaAl2Si2O8
almandine
anorthite
C = CaO And Al2SiO5 andalusite
Cc CaCO3 calcite
F = FeO + MgO Chl (Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8 chlorite
Cld (Fe,Mg)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2 chloritoid
Cor (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18).nH2 O cordierite

A
Cpx Ca(Mg,Fe)Si2O6 clinopyroxene
Cum []Mg2Mg5(Si8)O22(OH)2 cummingtonite
Ky, And, Sil, Dol CaMg(CO3)2 dolomit
Ep Ca2Fe+3Al2(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) epidote
Prl, Kln Gln []Na2Mg3Al2(Si8)O22(OH)2 glaucophane
Grs Ca3Al2Si3O12 grossular
Mrg St Grt A3B2(SiO4)3 garnet

Wai, Hbl
Jd NaAlSi2O6
hornblende
jadeite
Lmt, Lws, An Cld, Crd
Kln
Ky
[][]Al2Si2O5(OH)4
Al2SiO5
kaolinite
kyanite

Ep, Zo L
Lmt CaAl2Si4O12·4H2O
liquid (silicate melt)
laumontite

Prh Pmp
Lws
Mrg
CaAl2SiO7(OH)2H2O
Ca[]Al2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
lawsonite
margarite
Grt Alm Oam [](Mg,Fe)7(Si8)O22(OH)2 orthoamphibole
Grs Opx (Mg,Fe)SiO3 orthopyroxene
Chl Pg Na[]Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 paragonite
Pl plagioclase
Pmp Ca4(Mg,Fe)Al5Si6O23(OH)3·2H2O pumpellyite
Prh Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 prehnite
Ath
Hbl

Prl Al2Si4O10(OH)2 pyrophyllite

Qtz SiO2 quartz

C Cal F
Sil Al2SiO5 sillimanite
St (Fe,Mg)2(Al,Fe+3)9(Si4O16)O6(OH)2 staurolite

Cpx Act Tlc Stb

Tlc
CaAl2Si7O18·7H2O
[]Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
stilbite
talc
Wol Dol Cum V H2O H2O-rich vapor
Wai CaAl2Si4O12·2H2O wairakite
Opx Wol CaSiO3 wollastonite
Zo Ca2Al3Si3O12(OH) zoisite
 14
A
Ky + Qtz
+ H2O
A
+ Qtz

Ep

g ite
12
Pl

clo
Grt
A
E
+ Qtz Grt
+ Ep
+ H2O Cpx
Pg C F A
+ Qtz
Cld C F
 Cpx Opx
Ab
Grt Pl

t
his

ln
G
Grt

10

px

←
N

bl

C
F Hbl
esc

H
te olite
←
+ Grt

o
A + Qtz C F

←
i d
 Cpx Opx

b
Blu
+ Pg

Ep phi
+ H2O A
+ Qtz
Cld

Am
P kbar

Ep
Pl

ite
Grt
A + Qtz Grt

Granul
+ Ab
Cpx
+ H2O
C F
Gln
Ep
C F
 Cpx Act Cum
Chl

Hbl
A
+ Qtz
+ Ab C F
+ H2O Act
An
A
lyite

Zo

6
+ Qtz
pel -

A
Pumhnite

Chl
Wai Pl
Lmt + Qtz
Lws + Ab
An  Pmp + H2O Chl
→ C F or Grt
Prh Cc Do Act Cum
Pre

or Oam
Chl A
+ Qtz
+ Ab C F
Cpx Act Cum
An + H2O
C F Zo

4
Cc
Chl

lite
C F
A

ibo
Cc Do

ist
Kln
Ca-smectite
Prl
Stb

h
+ Qtz ph
sc
Lmt + Ab
Wai

n
Am
An

2 ee
Lws
Chl

G r
C F
Cc

Zeolite

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
T ˚C (modified from Spear, 1993)
 Common Minerals in Meta-basaltic Rocks

optic refractive 2V color birefringence extinction orientation pleoch.

sign index

actinolite B(-) 1.60-1.65 79-85 colorless - pale green low-mid 2° 10-20° l. slow faint green
anthophyllite B(+) 1.60-1.68 70-90 colorless low 2° Parallel l. slow none
biotite B(-) 1.54-1.64 0-25 brown - green 2° red Parallel l. slow brown-green
calcite U(-) 1.49-1.66 --- cloudy 4-5° Symmetrical ---- none
chlorite B(±) 1.54-1.67 0-30 green weak, anom. Parallel l. fast/slow weak green
cummingtonite B(+) 1.64-1.69 68-87 colorless 2° 15-20° l. slow none-slight
diopside B(+) 1.65-1.73 58-60 colorless - green upper 2° 37-44°, Symmet. ---- faint
epidote B(-) 1.72-1.78 68-89 colorless - yellow, green low 2° - upper 3° Parallel l. fast/slow none-faint
garnet ISO 1.74-1.88 --- colorless - brown, red, green ---- --- ---- -----
gedrite B(±) 1.60-1.68 70-90 clove brown, violet-grey 1° Parallel l. slow faint-moderate
glaucophane B(-) 1.62-1.67 0-68 blue - violet upper 2° 4-6° l. slow violet, blue
hornblende B(-) 1.61-1.70 52-85 green, blue-green, brown mid 2° 12-30° ---- green, brown
hyperstene B(-) 1.67-1.73 63-90 neutral-pale green, pink-red 1° yel.-red Parallel l. slow green, pale red
laumontite B(-) 1.50-1.53 26-47 colorless weak, 1° yel. Inclined l. slow -----
lawsonite B(+) 1.67-1.68 84 colorless 2° blue Parallel, Symmet. l. slow -----
muscovite B(-) 1.56-1.61 30-40 colorless - pale green upper 2° Parallel l. slow -----
omphacite B(+) 1.66-1.69 60-67 pale-green mid 1°- mid 2° 37-44° ---- pale green
prehnite B(+) 1.62-1.66 VAR. colorless low-upper 2° Parallel l. fast -----
pumpellyite B(+) 1.67-1.76 26-85 colorless - dark green 1° yel.-2° blue Inclined ? dark green
rutile U(+) 2.60-2.90 --- honey yellow, red - brown extreme Parallel ---- -----
sphene B(+) 1.89-2.05 23-50 colorless - brown extreme Symmetrical ---- brown
staurolite B(+) 1.74-1.76 80-88 pale yellow 1° yel.-red Parallel l. slow yellow, brown
tremolite B(-) 1.60-1.66 79-85 colorless low-mid 2° 10-20° l. slow -----