Govt Scheme Economics (Sanket Sir)

IITian’s Academy, Pune By : SANKET GHORBAND SIR
g_mdoeH$ {dH$mg Vo AO|S>m

(Inclusive Development to Agenda)
 g_mdoeH$ {dH$mg Am{U amï´>r` {dH$mg AO|S>m (Inclusive Development and National Development
Agenda)
 g_mdoeH$ {dH$mg hm eãX ^maVmV 11 ì`m n§Mdm{f©H$ `moOZoÀ`m AmamIS>çmV Cëco{Icoë`m "J{Verc d g_mdoeH$
{dH$mg' `m C{Ôï>mnmgyZ OmñV dmnamV Amcm. `m AmamIS>çmV {dH$mgmnmgyZ d§{MV Agcoë`m§Zm {dH$mgmÀ`m àdmhmV
AmUUo (inclusion) d AW©ì`dñWoVrc Am{W©H$ d gm_m{OH$ {df_Vm Xya H$aUo (bridging divides) `m§Mm
àm_w»`mZo CëcoI H$aÊ`mV Amcm.
 AW©ì`dñWoVrc hr {df_Vm ~hþA§Jr Amho. åhUOo Xm{aÐçaofoImcrc d Xm{aÐçaofodarc `m§À`mVrc Ag_mZVm,
amoOJmamVrc d ~oamoOJmam§_Yrc Ag_mZVm, J«m_rU-ehar Ag_mZVm, àmXo{eH$ Ag_Vmoc, joÌr` Ag_mZVm VgoM
_mJmg dJ©-A_mJmg dJm©Vrc Ag_mZVm, {c§J Ag_mZVm, Am{W©H$ Ag_mZVm.
 g_mdoeH$ {dH$mgmMr JaO H$m`? ""{dH$mgmMm hŠH$'' _mZdmcm XoÊ`mgmR>r, gdmªZm {dH$mgmÀ`m àdmhmV AmUÊ`mgmR>r
g_mdoeH$ {dH$mgmMr JaO Amho. åhUOo `m g§H$ënZoV _yi Amnë`mcm g§`wŠV amï´>g§KmÀ`m _mZdm{YH$mamÀ`m d¡{ídH$
KmofUoV gmnS>Vo. B.g. 2000 Z§Va "g_mdoeH$ {dH$mg' `m g§H$ënZocm {deof _hÎd àmßV Pmco.
1) _hmË_m Jm§Yr amï´>r` amoOJma h_r `moOZm (MGNREGS-Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment
Gurantee Scheme) :
 gwadmV - 2 \o$~«wdmar 2006. 7 gßQ>|~a 2005 cm NREGA (National Rural Employment Guarantee Act)
H$m`Xm g§gXoZo g§_V Ho$cm Am{U 2 \o$~«wdmar 2006 nmgyZ "J«m_rU AHw$ec _Oyam§Zm _Owar amoOJmamMo AmídmgZ
XoUmar' amï´>r` J«m_rU amoOJma h_r `moOZm NREGS (National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme)
gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcr. 2 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 2009 cm `m `moOZocm _hË_m Jm§YrOtMo Zmd XoÊ`mV Amco. Ë`m_wio NREGA
H$m`Xm MGNREGA Va NREGS `moOZm MGNREGS ZmdmZo AmoiIcr OmD$ cmJcr.
 `moOZoMo VÎd :
"àËòH$ J«m_rU Hw$Qw>§~mVrc AHw$ec H$m_ H$ê$ BpÀN>Umè`m {H$_mZ EH$m àm¡T>mcm df©âmVyZ {H$_mZ 100 {Xdgm§À`m
amoOJmamMr h_r XoUo'.
 C{Ôï>o :
1) J«m_rU ^mJmV CËnmXH$ d {Q>H$mD$ _mc_Îmm (Productive and durable assets) C^maë`m OmVrc, `m
CÔoemZo J«m_rU ^mJmVrc AHw$ec _Oyam§Zm df©âmVyZ {H$_mZ 100 {Xdgm§À`m amoOJmamMr h_r XoUo.
2) J{a~m§À`m ómoVm§Mr CncãYVm dmT>dyZ amhUr_mZmV gwYmaUm KS>{dUo.
3) gm_m{OH$ g_mdoeZmgmR>r g{H«$`Vm AmUUo.
4) n§Mm`VamO g§ñWm§Zm ~iH$Q> H$aUo.
5) _Owar amoOJma nwa{dVmZm Z¡g{J©H$ ómoVm§Mo {Z`_Z H$aUo, `m `moOZoMo Xwæ`_ C{Ôï> åhUVm òB©c. `m_wio XwîH$mi,
O§JcVmoS>, O{_ZrMr Yyn `mda _mV H$aVm òVo, emídV {dH$mg gmYVm òVmo.
Economics Notes 1
 cúò :
1) J«m_rU ^mJmVrc Agwa{jV (vulnerable) KQ>H$m§Zm gm_m{OH$ gwajm nwa{dUo.
2) CËnmXH$ d {Q>H$mD$ _mc_Îmm C^maUo. `mgmR>r gmd©O{ZH$ H$m_o hmVr KoUo.
3) Z¡g{J©H$ ómoVm§Zm nwZê$ÁOrdZ {_idyZ XoUo.
4) {ó`m, AZwgy{MV OmVr, AZwgy{MV O_mVr d BVa gm_m{OH$Ñï>çm ì`md{V©V JQ>mMo g~crH$aU H$aUo. EHy$U
amoOJma {Z{_©Vr_Üò {ñÌ`m§Mm dmQ>m 33% {H§$dm 1/3 AgUo A{Zdm`© Amho.
5) Xm{aÐç {Z_y©cZmÀ`m `moOZm§À`m g_Ýd`mVyZ {dH|${ÐV {Z`moOZ am~{dUo.
6) n§Mm`VamO g§ñWm§À`m g~crH$aUmVyZ VimJmimn`ªV cmoH$emhrMr VÎdo ê$O{dUo.
 IM© : H|$Ð Am{U amÁ` IMm©Mm dmQ>m CMcVmZm Vmo _OwargmR>r 100:0 Agm Amho. gm{hË` gmYZm§gmR>r 75:25 Agm
Amho. Va ~oamoOJmar ^Î`mgmR>r 0:100 Agm Amho.
 J«m_rU AHw$ec _Oyam§Mo A{YH$ma Am{U gdcVr :
1) Zm|XUr AO© H$aVm òVmo.
2) Zm|XUr H$aUmè`mcm Om°~ H$mS>© {Xco OmVo.
3) H$m_mgmR>r AO© H$aVm òVmo. AO© Ho$ë`mMr VmarI Zm|XdyZ KoVcr OmVo.
4) H$m_mMr doi Am{U H$mcmdYr {ZdS>Ê`mM>r gdcV {Xcr OmVo.
5) Zm|XUrZ§Va 15 {Xdgm§À`m AmV d 5 {H$._r.À`m AmV H$m_ {Xco OmVo.
6) H$m_mÀ`m {R>H$mUr nmiUmJ¥h, noÒc, àW_monMma `m§Mr gmo` Ho$cocr AgVo.
7) 5 {H$._r. A§VamncrH$S>rc H$m_mgmR>r 10% OmñV _Owar {_iVo.
8) _Oyamcm hOoarnÌ d Om°~ H$mS>©_Yrc Zm|XUrMm Vnerc nmhÊ`mMm A{YH$ma AgVmo.
9) H$m_mMr _Oyar gmßVm{hH$ {H§$dm H$m_ Ho$ë`mÀ`m {Xder KoVm òVo.
10) Zm|XUrZ§Va 15 {Xdgm§À`m AmV H$m_ Z {_imë`mg ~oamoOJma ^Îmm {Xcm OmVmo. hOoarnÌ Zm|XUrZwgma 16
{Xdgm§n`ªV _Owar Z {_imë`mg Ë`mnwT>rc àËòH$ {XdgmgmR>r ~wS>mcoë`m _OwarÀ`m 0.05% ^Îmm {dc§~ ewëH$
åhUyZ _Oyamcm {_iVmo.
11) H$m_mda AgVmZm d¡XçH$s` CnMma, An§JËd, AnKmV {H§$dm _¥Ë`y Amë`mg gd© IM© `moOZoVyZ Ho$cm OmVmo.
 `moOZoVrc J«m_gôMo Am{U J«m_n§Mm`VrMo _hÎd :
1) `moOZ|VJ©V am~dmd`mÀ`m H$m_mMo {ZYm©aU J«m_g^m H$aVo. {ZYm©{aV Ho$coë`m H$m_mMr A§_c~OmdUr hmoV Amho
H$s Zmhr `mMo narjUXoIrc J«m_g^m H$aVo.
 _Oyar :
1) 1976 À`m g_mZ doVZ H$m`ÚmZwgma (Equal Remuneration Act) nwê$f d {ó`m§Zm gmaIrM _Owar {Xcr
OmVo.
2) _OwarMm Xa 1948 À`m {H$_mZ _Owar H$m`ÚmZwgma (Minimum Wages Act) R>a{dcm OmVmo.
3) _Owar (H|$Ð emgZmZo {ZYm©{aV Ho$coë`m AndmXmË_H$ n{apñWVr dJiVm) ghgm _Owam§À`m ~±H$ {H§$dm nmoñQ>ImË`mV
dJ© Ho$cr OmVo.
4) _Owarì`{V{aŠV `m `moOZoÀ`m cm^mÏ`mªZm gaH$mar Amamo½` {d_m `moOZm§Mm cm^ {_iVmo.
2 Economics Notes
 `moOZoMo AmYw{ZH$sH$aU :
1) gÜ`m _Jm§ZaoJm A§VJ©V {Xcr OmUmar _Owar WoQ> cm^ hñVm§V{aV H$aÊ`mgmR>r à`ËZ Mmcy AmhoV. `mgmR>r JAM
(Jandhan-Aadhar-Mobile) hr {ÌgyÌr dmnacr OmV Amho.
2) gd©àW_ Am§Y« àXoemZo ñ_mQ>© H$mS>© AmYmarV _Owar WoQ> ImË`mV hñVm§VarV H$aÊ`mg gwadmV Ho$cr. `m_wio _Owar
{dc§~ 19% Zo H$_r Pmcm. _Owar Xo`Vm 24% Zo dmT>cr d JiVr 35% Zo Wm§~cr.
3) `moOZoVrc CËnmXH$ Am{U {Q>H$mD$ _mc_Îmm§Mr à^mdr _m{hVr Jmoim H$aÊ`mgmR>r {a_moQ> g|{g§J Am{U GIS -
Geographical Information System Mm dmna Ho$cm OmV Amho. GIS AmYmarV 'GeoMGNREGA' hr
àUmcr 1 gßQ>|~a 2016 cm gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcr. `m àUmcrÛmao Xoer "^wdZ' `m gm°âQ>doAaMr XoIrc _XV KoVcr
OmV Amho. GeoMGNREGA Mo Am¡nMm{aH$ CX²KmQ>Z 30 Zmoìh|~a 2016 cm Zdr {XëcrVyZ Pmco. `m {Xder
hr àUmcr 110 {Oëøm§_Üò gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcr.
4) _Jm§ZaoJm `§ÌUm Am{U OZgm_mÝ` `m Xmohm|_Üò _m{hVrMr WoQ> XodmUKodmU hmoUmÀ`m CÔoemZo J«m_rU {dH$mg
_§Ìmc`mZo 19 OyZ 2017 cm 'Janmanrega' ZmdmZo _mo~mB©c A°n gwê$ Ho$co Amho. `m A°nda `moOZoMr C{Ôï>ço,
H$m`©joÌ d H$m_m§Mr _m{hVr CncãY Amho. VgoM `moOZoÛmao C^macoë`m _mc_Îmm§Mr _m{hVr {_iy eH$Vo, Ë`m~m~V
Amncm A{^àm` Zm|X{dVm òVmo.
 _Jm§ZaoJm-_hmamï´> :
_hmamï´>mÀ`m 15 H$c_r H$m`©H«$_mÝdò 28 _mM© 1972 cm amÁ`mZo "amoOJma h_r `moOZm' (Employment Guarantee
Scheme) gwê$ Ho$cr. J«m_rU Xm{aÐç Xya H$aÊ`mgmR>r J«m_rU cmoH$g§»òcm CËnmXH$ amoOJma nwa{dUo d `m amoOJmamMr
h_r XoUo hm `m `moOZoMm CÔoe hmoVm.
2) XrZX`mc A§Ë`moX` `moOZm-amï´>r` J«m_rU OrdZmoÞVr A{^`mZ (DAY-NRLM - Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana
- National Rural Livelihood Mission) :
 gwadmV - 3 OyZ 2011. `m VmaIocm ñdU©O`§Vr J«m_rU ñdamoOJma `moOZoMr nwZa©MZm H$ê$Z "amï´>r` J«m_rU OrdZmoÞVr
A{^`mZ' gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amco. `m A{^`mZmcm "amï´>r` J«m_rU Am{O{dH$m A{^`mZ' Agohr åhUVmV. ~§gdmam
(amOñWmZ) òWyZ `m A{^`mZmMr gwadmV H$aÊ`mV Amcr. Zmoìh|~a 2015 _Üò _mÝ`Vm {_iyZ 29 _mM© 2016 nmgyZ
`m `moOZoMo A[YH¥$V Zmd "{XZX`mc A§Ë`moX` `moOZm - amï´>r` J«m_rU OrdZmoÞVr A{^`mZ' (DAY-NRLM) Ago
Pmco Amho.
i) EH$m{Ë_H$ J«m_rU {dH$mg H$m`©H«$_ (IRDP-Integrated Rural Development Program) :
J«m_rU Hw$ec _Owam§Zm ñd`§amoOJma nwa{dUmar hr `moOZm 2 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 1980 cm g§nyU© ^maVmV gwê$ H$aÊ`mV
Amcr. "ì`mnmar ~±H$m, ghH$mar ~±H$m {H§$dm àmXo{eH$ J«m_rU ~±H$m§À`m _mÜ`_mVyZ J«m_rU Hw$ec J{a~m§Zm
ñd`§amoOJmamMo ómoV C^maÊ`mgmR>r Am{W©H$ _XV nwadyZ Ë`m§Zm Am{W©H$ ñdmdc§{~Ëd àmßV H$ê$Z XoUo d Ë`m§Zm
Xm{aÐçaofoÀ`m da AmUUo' ho `m `moOZoMo _yi C{Ôï> hmoVo.
2 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 1980 cm IRDP `moOZm (gd©M 5,011 J«m_rU VmcwŠ`m§_Üò) g§nyU© ^maVmV gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcr.
ghmì`m `moOZm H$mimV àËòH$ VmcwŠ`mVrc 600 J«m_rU Hw$Qw>§~ `moOZoImcr AmUÊ`mMo CÔrï> R>odÊ`mV Amco.
ii) ñdU©O`§Vr J«m_ ñdamoOJma `moOZm (SJGSY - Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana) :
Zdì`m n§Mdm{f©H$ `moOZmH$mimV (1997-2002) EH$m{Ë_H$ J«m_rU {dH$mg H$m`©H«$_mMo (IRDP) ê$nm§Va
"ñd`§amoOJma, cm^mÏ`mªMo JQ>, V§ÌkmZ, j_VmdY©Z, nm`m^yV gw{dYm, nVnwadR>m' `m§Mm g_J« g_mdoe AgUmè`m
`moOZoV H$aÊ`mMo R>aco. her_ g{_VrÀ`m {e\$maerZwgma 1 E{àc 1999 cm IRDP, TRYSEM, DWCRA,
Economics Notes 3
MWS, SITRA, GKY `m gd© `moOZm§À`m EH${ÌH$aUmVyZ EH$M "ñdU©O`§Vr J«m_ ñdamoOJma `moOZm' gwê$
Pmcr.
 3 OyZ 2011 cm ñdU©O`§Vr J«m_ ñdamoOJma `moOZoMo ê$nm§Va amï´>r` J«m_rU OrdZmoÞVr A{^`mZmV H$aÊ`mV Amco.
J«m_rU {dH$mg _§Ìmc`mZo 2009 _Üò Ama.amYmH¥$îUZ `m§À`m AÜ`jVoImcr EH$ g{_Vr ñWmnZ Ho$cr hmoVr. {VZo `m
nwZa©MZoMr {e\$mag Ho$cr hmoVr.
 A{^`mZmMo C{Ôï> :
"J«m_rUñVamda J{a~m§À`m CËnÞmV emídV dmT> H$aUmè`m ñd`§amoOJmamÀ`m d Hw$ec amoOJmamÀ`m g§Yr CncãY
H$aVrc Aem "J«m_rU J{a~m§À`m geŠV g§ñWm' C^mê$Z Xm{aÐç H$_r H$aUo' ho `moOZoMo C{Ôï> Amho. SJGSY
`moOZoMm â ñd`§ghmæ`Vm JQ> ñWmnZ H$aÊ`mda hmoVm. NRLM d DAY-NRLM Mm â ñd`§ghmæ`Vm JQ>m§À`m
_mÜ`_mVyZ Jar~m§À`m geŠV g§ñWm ñWmnÊ`mda Amho. `moOZocm nwT>rc 5 dfmªV àËòH$ Hw$Qw>§~mMr ~±H$nV EH$ cmI
ê$n`m§Zr dmT>Uo Ano{jV Amho. amoOJmanyaH$ H$m¡eë`mMo à{ejU XoUo hm XoIrc `m `moOZoMm _hÎdmMm ^mJ Amho.
 `moOZoMr VÎdo :
1) J{a~m§Mr J{a~rVyZ ~mhoa òÊ`mMr Vrd« BÀN>m AgVo Am{U j_VmXoIrc AgVo.
2) J{a~m§À`m j_Vocm dmd XoÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§À`mV gm_m{OH$ J{VercVm AmUUo d Ë`m§À`m geŠV g§ñWm C^maUo
AË`mdí`H$ AgVo.
3) gm_m{OH$ J{VercVogmR>r Ë`m§Zm g_{n©V AgUmar d g§doXZercarË`m ghmæ` H$aUmar `§ÌUm C^mamdr cmJVo.
 IM© :
SJGSY VgoM NRLM `moOZon`ªV H|$Ð d amÁ`mMm IMm©Mm dmQ>m 75:25 Agm hmoVm. 1 E{àc 2016 Z§Va Core
`moOZm§_Üò g_mdoe Agë`m_wio DAY-NRLM `moOZoV H|$Ð d amÁ`m§Mm IMm©Mm dmQ>m 60:40 Agm Pmcm Amho.
`moOZogmR>r OmJ{VH$ ~±Ho$Zohr _XV nwa{dcr Amho.
3) XrZX`mc A§Ë`moX` `moOZm-amï´>r` ehar OrdZmoÞVr A{^`mZ (DAY-NULM - Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana
- National Rural Livelihood Mission) :
 gwadmV : 24 gßQ>|~a 2013. `m {Xder ñdU©O`§Vr ehar amoOJma `moOZoMr nwZa©MZm H$ê$Z "amï´>r` ehar OrdZmoÞVr
A{^`mZ' gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amco. 19 \o$~«wdmar 2016 cm XrZX`mc A§Ë`moX` `moOZm (ehar) hr `moOZm amï´>r` ehar
OrdZmoÞVr A{^`mZmV {dcrZ H$aÊ`mV Amcr AgyZ, `moOZoMo Zmd XrZX`mc A§Ë`moX` `moOZm - amï´>r` ehar
OrdZmoÞVr A{^`mZ' (DAY-NRLM) Ago Pmco Amho.
 DAY-NULM Mo C{Ôï> "ehar Jar~ Hw$Qy>§~m§Zm cm^Xm`H$ ñd`§amoOJmamÀ`m d Hw$ec VgoM _Owar amoOJmamÀ`m g§Yr
CncãY H$aVrc d Ë`m§À`m amhUr_mZmV cjUr` gwYmaUm H$aVrc Aem "ehar J{a~m§À`m geŠV g§ñWm' C^mê$Z
ehar Xm{aÐç d Agwa{jVVm Xya H$aUo' ho Amho. "Q>ßß`m-Q>ßß`mZo ehar ~oKam§Zm {Zdmam CncãY H$ê$Z XoUo' Am{U
"ehamVrc añVo {dH«o$Ë`m§Zm {Zdmam, nVnwadR>m, H$m¡eë` Am{U gm_m{OH$ gwajm XoUo' hr XmoZ C{Ôï>o `m `moOZoMr d¡{eï>ço
AmhoV.
 `moOZoMr VÎdo :
1) J{a~m§Mr J{a~rVyZ ~mhoa òÊ`mMr Vrd« BÀN>m AgVo, VgoM ehar J{a~m§_Üò ì`mdgm{`H$ j_VmXoIrc AgVmV.
2) J{a~m§À`m j_VoMm cm^Xm`H$ dmna H$aUo d amhUr_mZmV emídV gwYmaUm H$aUo ho Iao AmìhmZ Amho.
4 Economics Notes
3) Ë`mgmR>r nwaogo àmoËgmhZ XoD$Z gm_m{OH$ J{VercVm dmT>{dUo d Ë`m§Zm g_{n©V AgUmar d g§doXZerc AgUmar
`§ÌU C^maUo.
 `moOZoMr _yëò :
1) ehar J{a~m§Mm d Ë`m§À`m g§ñWm§Mm gd© à{H«$`m§_Üò gh^mJ.
2) `moOZm§Mr aMZm, A§_c~OmdUr d g§ñWm C^maUr Am{U j_Vm{dH$mg `m§_Üò nmaXe©H$Vm.
3) O~m~Xmar
4) ^mJrXmar
5) ñd`§{ZU©`, ñdmc§~Z Am{U nañna _XV H$aUmè`m g_mOmMr {Z{_©Vr.
 IM© :
SJSRY VgoM NULM `moOZon`ªV H|$Ð d amÁ` IMm©Mm dmQ>m 75:25 Agm hmoVm. Core `moOZm§_Üò Agë`m_wio
DAY-NULM `moOZoV H|$Ð d amÁ`m§_Üò IMm©Mm dmQ>m 60:40 Agm Pmcm Amho. ({VÝhr `moOZm§_Yco gyú_ \$aH$
VŠË`mV Xe©{dco AmhoV)
 gm_m{OH$ g_mdoeZ :
25% cm^mWu AZwgy{MV OmVr, O_mVr, _{hcm, Aëng§»`mH$ d An§J AgVrc Ago à`moOZ Amho.
 Am{W©H$$ g_mdoeZ :
SJSRY `moOZ|VJ©V ^m§S>dc g~{gS>r (Capital Subsidy) {Xcr OmV Ago. NULM {H§$dm DAY-NULM
`moOZoV `mEodOr ì`mO g~{gS>r (Interest Subsidy) {Xcr OmVo. Á`m ñd`§ghmæ`Vm JQ>m§Zr {d{dY nVg§ñWm§H$Sy>Z
7% nojm OmñV ì`mOXamZo H$O} KoVcr AmhoV, Ë`m§Zm 7% nojm OmñVrMo ì`mO âÊ`mgmR>r (gyú_ CnH«$_ H$_mc 2
cmI ê$/JQ CnH«$_ H$_mc 5 cmI ê$nò) ì`mO g~{gS>r {Xcr OmVo. doioda hám âUmè`m _{hcm ñd`§ghmæ`Vm
JQ>m§Zm 3% Interest Subvention `moOZmhr cmJy Amho.>
4) Jar~ H$ë`mU amoOJma A{^`mZ (GKRA-Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyan) :
 gwadmV : 20 OyZ 2020. H$mcmdYr - 125 {Xdg.
 C{Ôï>ço :
H$mo{dS>-19 cm°H$S>mD$Z_Üò {H$ËòH$ ñWcm§V{aV _Oya _yiJmdr naVë`m_wio Ë`m§À`mg_moa ~oamoOJmarMm _moR>m àíZ C^m
am{hcm. _yiJmdr naVcoë`m ñWcm§V{aV _Owam§gmR>r Am{U _§XrZo ~m{YV J«m_rU cmoH$m§gmR>r amoOJmamÀ`m d OrdZmoÞVrÀ`m
g§Yr CncãY H$ê$Z XoUo `m `moOZoMo C{Ôï> hmoVo. `mgmR>r hr `moOZm 6 amÁ`m§_Üò am~{dÊ`mV Amcr.
 IM© :
125 {Xdgm§gmR>r `m `moOZogmR>r 50,000 H$moQ>r ê$n`m§Mr VaVyX H$aÊ`mV Amcr hmoVr. àË`jmV 39,293 H$moQ>r ê$nò
IM© H$aÊ`mV Amco.
 `moOZ|VJ©V añVo, Kao, A§JUdmS>r, n§Mm`V ^dZ, {d{har d BVa nm`m^yV gw{dYm§À`m C^maUrMr H$m_o hmVr KoÊ`mV
Amcr. VgoM aoëdo, Ocg§dY©Z, nrH$ cmJdS>, \$m`~a Am°pßQ>H$ Ho$~c, Jwao-eoù`m-Hw$¸w$Q>nmcZ `mgmaIr H$m_o hmVr
KoÊ`mV Amcr hmoVr.
5) AmË_{Z^©a ^maV amoOJma `moOZm (ABRY - Atmanirbhar Bharat Rojgar Yojana) :
 gwadmV : 12 Zmoìh|~a 2020. `m {Xder AmË_{Z^©a ^maV `moOZoMm {Vgam Q>ßnm (3.0) Omhra H$aÊ`mV Amcm. `m
n°Ho$O_Yrc AmË_{Z^©a ^maV amoOJma `moOZm hr EH$ hmo`.
 C{Ôï> :
Economics Notes 5
H$mo{dS>-19 gmWamoJm_wio CÚmoJ joÌmV _§Xr Amcocr Amho. `m _§XrVyZ CÚmoJ gmdamdoV Am{U Ë`mVyZ Am¡nMm{aH$
amoOJma{Z{_©Vrcm MmcZm {_imdr, hm `m `moOZoMm _w»` CÔoe Amho.
 `moOZoMo KQ>H$ :
1) {d{dY CÚmoJ, OoWo 20 nojm OmñV H$m_Jma H$m_ H$aVmV Am{U Á`m§Mo _m{gH$ CËnÞ 15,000 nojm H$_r Amho.
Ë`m H$m_Jmam§À`m nJmamÀ`m 24% aŠH$_ EPF (Employees Provided Fund) _Üò O_m Ho$cr OmVo.
`mn¡H$s 12% aŠH$_ H$m_Jma (employee) âVmo d Vr a¸$_ Ë`mÀ`m nJmamVyZ H$mncr OmVo. Cd©{aV 12%
aŠH$_ H§$nZr (employee) âVo.
2) AmË_{Z^©a ^maV amoOJma `moOZoÝdò Ago Omhra H$aÊ`mV Amco, H$s Aem H§$nÝ`m, OoWo 1,000 nojm H$_r H$m_Jma
H$m_ H$aVmV, VoWrc ZdrZ H$m_Jmam§gmR>r 24% aŠH$_ 1 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 2020 Vo 30 OyZ 2021 `m H$mcmdYrgmR>r
ñdV: gaH$ma EPF _Üò O_m H$aoc. VgoM Aem H§$nÝ`m OoWo 1,000 nojm OmñV H$m_Jma H$m_ H$aVmV, VoWrc
ZdrZ H$m_Jmam§gmR>r 12% a¸$_, Or ñdV: H$m_Jma âVmV, 1 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 2020 Vo 30 OyZ 2021 `m
H$mcmdYrgmR>r ñdV: gaH$ma EPF _Üò O_m H$aoc. hr aŠH$_ g~{gS>r g_Ocr OmB©c.
3) darc Cnm`m§_wio CÚmoJm§Zm ZdrZ H$m_Jmam§À`m âVrcm àmoËgmhZ {_ioc. VgoM ZdrZ H$m_Jmam§À`m nJmamV
H$nmV Z Pmë`m_wio Ë`m§Mr H«$èŠVr dmT>oc.
6) XrZX`mc CnmÜ`m` J«m_rU H$m¡eë` `moOZm (DDU-GKY- Deendayal Upadhyah-Gramin Kaushal Yojana):
 gwadmV :
NRLM `moOZ|VJ©V J«m_rU {dH$mg _§Ìmc`mZo H$m¡eë` {dH$mgmgmR>r OrdZmoÞVr/AmOr{dH$m H$m¡eë` {dH$mgmgmR>r
OrdZmoÞVr/AmOr{dH$m H$m¡eë` {dH$mg H$m`©H«$_ (ASDP - Aajeevika Skill Development Program) gwê$
Ho$cm. `m H$m`©H«$_mMo C{Ôï> "Hw$ec J«m_rU Vê$Um§Zm H$m¡eë` à{ejU XoUo d Ë`m§Zm g§KQ>rV joÌmV amoOJma {_idyZ
XoUo' hmoVo. ASDP `moOZoMo ê$nm§Va 25 gßQ>|~a 2014 cm DDU-GKY _Üò H$aÊ`mV Amco. 15 Vo 35 df}
d`moJQ>mVrc J«m_rU Jar~ Vê$Um§_Yrc H$m¡eë` {dH${gV H$aUo d Ë`m§Mr CËnmXH$ j_Vm dmT>{dUo' `m `moOZoMm CÔoe
Amho. AmYrÀ`m (ASDP) `moOZoà_mUo "amoOJma {_idyZ XoUo' hm XoIrc `m `moOZoMm CÔoe Amho. _hÎdmMr gwYmaUm
åhUOo ZdrZ `moOZoMm CÔoe "J«m_rU Jar~ Vê$Um§Zm {dH$mgmÀ`m àdmhmV AmUyZ g_mdoeH$ {dH$mg H$aUo' hm Amho.
`m_wio `m `moOZocm SDIG - Skill Development for Inclusive Growth ho Zmdhr XoÊ`mV Amco Amho. (25
gßQ>|~a 2014 cm n§{S>V XrZX`mc CnmÜ`m` `m§Mr 98 dr O`§Vr hmoVr.
 National Policy for Skill Development & Enterpreneurship 2015 AhdmcmZwgma 2022 n`ªV 24
_hÎdmÀ`m joÌm§_Üò 10.97 H$moQ>r Hw$ec H$m_Jmam§Mr VyQ> {Z_m©U hmoÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Amho. `moOZm hr VyQ> H$_r H$ê$
eH$Vo.
 à{e{jV Vê$Um§n¡H$s {H$_mZ 75% Vê$Um§Zm amoOJma g§Yr nwa{dÊ`mMr h_r XoÊ`mV Amcr Amho.
 `moOZoMm {H$_mZ 33% cm^ _{hcm§Zm, 50% AZwgy{MV OmVr OmVr d O_mVtZm, 15% cm^ Aëng§»`mH$m§Zm {Xcm
OmVmo.
 J«m_rU {dH$mg _§Ìmc` DDU-GKY A§VJ©V àmXo{eH$ `moOZmhr am~dV Amho.
i) {h_m`V (Himayat) :
Oå_y-H$mí_ra_Yrc J«m_rU VgoM ehar, Xm{aÐçaofoImcrc VgoM Xm{aÐçaofodarc Aem gd©M Vê$Um§Zm à{ejU
XoUo d Ë`m§Zm amoOJma {_idyZ XoUo `m CÔoemZo 100% H|$ÐnwañH¥$V {h_m`V `moOZm 21 Am°JñQ> 2011 cm gwê$
6 Economics Notes
H$aÊ`mV Amcr. nwT>rc 5 dfm©V 1 cmI Vê$Um§Zm à{ejU XoÊ`mMo d Ë`mVrc {H$_mZ 75% Vê$Um§Zm amoOJma
{_idyZ XoÊ`mMo cú` R>odÊ`mV Amco.
ii) C_rX (Ummed) :
ór g~crH$aUmMo cú` R>odyZ OyZ 2013 nmgyZ Oå_y-H$mí_ra_Üò C_rX `moOZm NRLM A§VJ©V gwê$ H$aÊ`mV
Amcr. nwT>rc 5 dfm©V 9 cmI _{hcm§Mo 90,000 ñd`§ghmæ`Vm JQ> C^mê$Z _{hcm§À`m gm_m{OH$ d Am{W©H$
n{apñWVrV gwYmaUm KS>{dÊ`mMo cú` R>odÊ`mV Amco.
iii) amoeZr (Roshni) :
A{VS>mì`m {dMmagaUrZo ~m{YV joÌm§_Yrc (LWE-Left Wing Extremism) 24 {Oëøm§_Üò 7 OyZ 2013
cm amoeZr Cn`moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcr. 10 Vo 35 df} d`moJQ>mVrc {H$_mZ 50,000 Vê$Um§Zm nwT>rc 3 dfmªV
Hw$ec à{ejU XoUo d Ë`m§Zm amoOJma {_idyZ XoÊ`mMo cú` R>odÊ`mV Amco Amho. `mn¡H$s {H$_mZ 50% Vê$U
_{hcm AgVrc. gwadmVrcm Vr gwH$_m (N>ÎmrgJS>) Am{U n{íM_ {g§J^y_ (PmaI§S>) òWo àm`mo{JH$ñVamda
am~{dcr Jocr hmoVr. amoeZr A§VJ©V NIOS (National Institute of Open Schooling) _m\©$V Am¡nMm{aH$
{ejU gmoS>coë`m Vê$Um§Zm `mo½` {ejU Ah©VoMo à_mUnÌXoIrc {Xco OmV Amho. AmJm_r H$mimV hr `moOZm gd©
O_mVr joÌm§_Üò cmJy hmoÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Amho.
iv) nadmO (Parvaaz) :
Xm{aÐçaofoImcrc J«m_rU Aëng§»`mH$ g_mOmVrc Vê$Um§Zm H$m¡eë` à{ejU d {ejU nwa{dÊ`mgmR>r gÜ`m
àm`mo{JH$ñVamda NRLM A§VJ©V nadmO H$m`©H«$_ gwê$ Amho. _Xaem§_Üò {eH$coë`m d Z§Va {ejU gmoSy>Z
{Xcoë`m Vê$Um§Zm `m `moOZoMo {deof cú`JQ> ~Z{dco Amho.
 `moOZoMr H$m_{Jar : \o$~«wdmar 2019 n`ªV 6.9 cmI Vê$Um§Zm H$m¡eë`mMo à{ejU XoÊ`mV Amco hmoVo d Ë`mn¡H$s 3.5
cmI Vê$Um§Zm amoOJmahr nwa{dÊ`mV Amcm hmoVm.
7) amï´>r` H$m¡eë` {dH$mg A{^`mZ (NSDM - National Skill Development Mission) {H§$dm Hw$ec ^maV (Skill
India) :
 gwadmV : 15 Owc¡ 2015.
15 Owc¡ ho OmJ{VH$ `wdm H$m¡eë` {XZmMo Am¡{MË` gmYyZ n§VàYmZ lr.Za|Ð _moXr `m§À`m hñVo Zdr {X„rV amï´>r`
H$m¡eë` {dH$mg A{^`mZ (NSDM) gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amco. `m A{^`mZmcm Hw$ec ^maV (Skill India) Agohr
g§~moYco OmVo.
 NSDM H$m¡e ë` {dH$mg d ì`mdgm{`H$Vm _§ Ìmc`m_m\©$ V (Ministry of Skill Development &
Entrepreneurship) am~{dcr OmVo.
 CÔoe :
H$m¡eë` {dH$mgmÀ`m {d{dY `moOZm, g§ñWm, H|$Ð-amÁ` gaH$mam§Mo H$m¡eë` {dH$mgmMo H$m`©H«$_m§_Üò g_Ýd` gmYÊ`mÀ`m
CÔoemZo ho A{^`mZ gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amco Amho. gw_mao 20 {d{dY _§Ìmcò/{d^mJ 70 nojm OmñV H$m¡eë` {dH$mgmÀ`m
`moOZm am~{dVmV. NSDM `m `moOZm§_Üò g_Ýd` gmYVo.
 A{^`mZmÀ`m Cn`moOZm :
i) g§H$ën SANKALP (Skill Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Program) :
2017-18 AW©g§H$ënr` KmofUoZwgma 11 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 2017 cm `m Cn`moOZocm H|$Ðr` _§{Ì_§S>imZo _§Owar {Xcr.
Vê$Um§Zm ~mOma{^_wI à{ejU XoUo g§H$ënMm CÔoe Amho. à{ejU g§ñWm d à{ejUmWu `m§Mo ñd`§AZwdVu
Economics Notes 7
à{V_mZ {dH${gV hmoD$Z H$m¡eë` {dH$mgmÀ`m {Z`moOZmMo {dH|$ÐrH$aU H$aUo g§H$ënMm CÔoe Amho. `mgmR>r
g§H$ën AÝdò amÁ` d {OëhmñVamda H$m¡eë` {dH$mg A{^`mZ am~{dco OmVo d Ë`mMo {Z`moOZ AmIco OmVo.
H$m¡eë`nyaH$ dmVmdaU{Z{_©Vr_wio ^maVmMm Ease of Doing Business {ZX}em§H$ gwYmê$ eH$Vmo. ì`d{V©V
JQ>m§À`m H$m¡eë` g_mdoeZmgmR>r XoIrc g§H$ën Cn`moOZm H$m`©erc Amho.
ii) ñQ´>mBìh STRIVE (Skill Strengthening for Industrial Value Enhancement) :
2017-18 AW©g§H$ënmVrc KmofUoZwgma g§H$ëngmo~VM ñQ´>mBìh Cn`moOZocm 11 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 2017 cm H|$Ðr`
_§{Ì_§S>imZo _§Owar {Xcr. H$m¡eë` à{ejU `§ÌUoMo gj_rH$aU H$aUo hm ñQ´>mBìhMm CÔoe Amho. NSDC, amÁ`
H$m¡eë` à{ejU g§ñWm, àmXo{eH$ H$m¡eë` n{afXm `m§Mo gj_rH$aU Ho$co OmVo. Am¡Úmo{JH$ g_yh, ì`dgm`
g§KQ>Zm, cKw CÚmoJ `m§Mm gh^mJ KoD$Z ITI à{ejU H|$Ðm§À`m {ZînmXZm§_Üò gwYmaUm Ho$cr OmVo. `mgmR>r
cmJUmar Am{W©H$ d Vm§{ÌH$ _XV ñQ´>mBìhH$Sy>Z nwa{dcr OmVo.
8) àYmZ_§Ìr H$m¡eë` {dH$mg `moOZm (PMKVY-Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana) :
 gwadmV : 15 Owc¡ 2015.
PMKVY `moOZm H$m¡eë` {dH$mg d ì`mdgm{`H$Vm _§Ìmc`m_m\©$V (Ministry of Skill Development and
Enterpreneurship) gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcr. 2016 Vo 2020 `moOZoMm Xwgam Q>ßnm gwê$ Pmcm. `m Q>ßß`mcm
(PMKVY) 2.0 åhUVmV. 2020-21 gmR>r `moOZoMm {Vgam Q>ßnm PMKVY 3.0 gwê$ Pmcm.
 `moOZoMm CÔoe :
Vê$Um§Zm CÚmoJnyaH$ H$m¡eë`m§Mo à{ejU XoUo d H$m¡eë` à_mUnÌ XoUo. AHw$ec Vê$Um§Zm Hw$ec ~Z{dUo `moOZoMm
CÔoe Amho. VgoM AY©Hw$ec {H§$dm Hw$ec ì`ŠVr Á`m§Zm à_mUnÌ hdo Amho Ë`m§Zmhr H$m¡eë`mMo nwZà©{ejU XoD$Z
H$m¡eë` à_mUnÌ XoÊ`mV òVo.
 `moOZoMo KQ>H$ :
1) cKw_wXV à{ejU : 150 Vo 300 Vmgm§Mo H$m¡eë` à{ejU XoD$Z à_mUnÌ {Xco OmVo.
2) AmYr {eH$coë`m§Zm à_mUnÌ : H$m¡eë`mMo {ejU KoVcoë`m {H§$dm AmYrM Hw$ec kmZ Agcoë`m§Zm à_mUnÌ
{Xco OmVo.
3) {deof àH$ën gyMZm : emgH$s` g§ñWm, _hm_§S>i {H§$dm CÚmoJm§Zm {deof Hw$ec à{ejUmMr JaO Agë`mg
Ë`mMr nyV©Vm Ho$cr OmVo.
4) Hw$ec d H$m_Jma _oimdm : Xa 6 _{hÝ`m§Zr Agm _oimdm Am`mo{OV Ho$cm OmVmo.
5) amoOJma gyMZm : H$m¡eë` à{ejU Am{U amoOJma g§Yr `m§Mm _oi KmVcm OmVmo.
6) XoIaoI gyMZm : CÀM àVrÀ`m d _mZH$mÀ`m H$m¡eë`mMo à{ejU hm `moOZoMm _hÎdmMm ^mJ Amho.
9) hþZa go amoOJma VH$ `moOZm (HSRT - Hunar Se Rozgar Tak) :
 gwadmV : 19 OyZ 2009.
n`©Q>Z _§Ìmc`mZo (Ministry of Tourism) AmXam{VÏ` joÌmgmR>r (hospitality sector) cmJUmè`m H$m¡eë`mMm
{dH$mg H$aÊ`mgmR>r hr `moOZm gwê$ Ho$cr.
 `moOZoMo ñdê$n :
AmXam{VÏ` joÌmgmR>r Am{U _w»`V: hm°Q>oc CÚmoJmgmR>r à{e{jV Hy$H$, doQ>g©, ê$_ AQ>|S>§Q>, \«§$Q> E§S> A{YH$mar Am{U
H$_©Mmar dJ© cmJV AgVmo. hþZa go amoOJma VH$ `moOZoMm CÔoe `m nÕVrMo H$mog© CncãY H$ê$Z XoUo Amho.
8 Economics Notes
 `moOZoMm CÔoe :
1) 18 Vo 28 df} d`moJQ>mVrc Vê$Um§Zm darc nÕVrMo 6 Vo 8 AmR>dS>çm§Mo H$mog© CncãY H$ê$Z XoUo.
2) ho H$mog©og Xm{aÐç aofoImcrc Vê$Um§Zm CncãY H$ê$Z {Xco OmVmV d _mo\$V CncãY H$ê$Z {Xco OmVmV.
10) gmja ^maV (Sakshar Bharat) Am{U nT>Zm {cIZm A{^`mZ (Padhna Likhana Abhiyan) :
A) gmja ^maV (Sakshar Bharat) :
 gwadmV : 8 gßQ>|~a 2009.
i) amï´>r` àm¡T> {ejU H$m`©H«$_ (National Adult Education Program)
1) 2 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 1978 cm amï´>r` àm¡T> {ejU H$m`©H«$_ gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcm. `mgmR>r `m H$m`©H«$_mMr _mJ©Xe©H$
n{ÌH$m åhUyZ àm¡T> YmoaU {ZdoXZ (Adult Policy Statement) Omhra H$aÊ`mV Amco. 15 Vo 35 df©
d`moJQ>mVrc 10 H$moQ>r {Zajam§n`ªV nwT>rc 5 dfmªV {ejUmÀ`m gw{dYm nmohmoMdyZ Ë`m§Zm gmja H$aUo ho
`moOZoMo C{Ôï> hmoVo.
2) `moOZoMr 3 à_wI C{Ôï>o hmoVr :
- gmjaVm d gg§»`Vm (AmH$S>o_moS>)
- H$m`©H$mar {dH$mg
- Am{W©H$ d gm_m{OH$ {dH$mgmMr OmUrd {Z_m©U H$aUo.
~) nT>Zm {cIZm A{^`mZ (Padhna Likhna Abhiyan) :
 gwadmV : 2020-21.
 gmja ^maV EodOr "nT>Zm {cIZm A{^`mZ' gwê$ H$aÊ`mMr KmofUm 2018 _Üò H|$Ð gaH$maZo Ho$cr hmoVr. 2019-20
À`m AW©g§H$ënmV KmofUm hmoD$Zhr ho A{^`mZ gwê$ Pmco Zmhr. 2020-21 _Üò 142.61 H$moQ>r ê$n`m§Mr VaVyX H$ê$Z
ho A{^`mZ gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amco. `m A{^`mZmMo Am¡nMm{aH$ CX²KmQ>Z AÚmn Pmcoco Zmhr. na§Vw A{^`mZmMr
A§_c~OmdUr gwê$ Pmcr Amho. 2021-22 AW©g§H$ënmV A{^`mZmgmR>r 250 H$moQ>r ê$n`m§Mr VaVyX H$aÊ`mV Amcr
Amho.
 A{^`mZmMm CÔoe :
2030 _Üò Or emídV {dH$mg Üòò (SDG) JmR>m`Mr AmhoV Ë`mVrc SDG - 4.6 "d¡{ídH$ gmjaVm d gg§»`Vm
(Universal Literacy and Numeracy)' ho Amho. nT>Zm {cIZm A{^`mZmMm CÔoe "2030 n`ªV d¡{ídH$ gmjaVm
d gg§»`Vm JmR>Uo' Amho. WmoS>Š`mV "2030 n`ªV 100% gmjaVm JmR>Ê`mMo' Amho. OJmVrc 35% {Zaja ^maVmV
amhVmV.
 hm H$m`©H«$_ J«m_rU d ehar XmoÝhr {R>H$mUr am~{dcm OmVmo. H$m`©H«$_mÀ`m A§_c~OmdUrV {d{dY emim, H$m°coOog,
NSS, NCC `m§Mm eŠ` VoWo gh^mJ KoVcm OmVmo.
11) àYmZ_§Ìr J«m_rU {S>{OQ>c gmjaVm A{^`mZ (PMGDISHA - Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta
Abhiyan) :
 gwadmV : 2016-17.
 _mM© 2014 _Üò {S>OrQ>c gmjaVogmR>r H|$Ð gaH$maZo National Digital Literacy Mission Am{U DISHA
(Digital Saaksharta) `m `moOZm gwê$ Ho$ë`m hmoË`m. 2016-17 _Üò `m `moOZm§Mo {dcrZrH$aU H$ê$Z PMGDISHA
ZmdmZo ZdrZ `moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcr.
Economics Notes 9
 AmYw{ZH$ `wJmV gmjaVoMo 3 EodOr 4 AmYmañV§^ Pmco AmhoV. dmMVm òUo (Reading), {c{hVm òUo (Writing),
gg§»`Vm (Arithmetic) Am{U g§JUH$ gmjaVm (Digital literacy). PMGDISHA hm Mm¡Wm AmYmañV§^
~iH$Q> H$aÊ`mgmR>r gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcr Amho.
 `moOZoMo Üò` : àËòH$ Hw$Qw>§~mVcm {H$_mZ EH$ ì`ŠVr {S>{OQ>c gmja H$aUo.
 `moOZoMo ñdê$n$ : 14 Vo 60 df} d`moJQ>mVrc J«m_rU ì`ŠVtZm 20 Vmgm§Mo ({H$_mZ 10 {Xdg, H$_mc 30 {Xdg)
{S>{OQ>c à{ejU _mo\$V {Xco OmVo. ho à{ejU KoVë`mg _mo~mB©c hmVmiUo, {S>{OQ>c$Am{W©H$ ì`dhma H$aUo, B§Q>aZoQ>
hmVmiUo, B-_oc dmMUo, nmR>{dUo B. O_m`cm cmJVo.
12) g_J« {ejm A{^`mZ (SMSA - Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan) :
 gwadmV : 24 _o 2018. _mZd g§gmYZ {dH$mg_§Ìr lr. àH$me OmdS>oH$a `m§À`m hñVo 24 _o 2018 cm g_J« {ejm
A{^`mZmMo AZmdaU H$aÊ`mV Amco.
 2018-19 À`m AW©g§H$ënmV "emco` {ejUmMm {dH$mg JQ>m-JQ>mZo Z H$aVm gH$c {H§$dm n{dÌdmXr (holistic)
åhUOo EH$m{Ë_ nÕVrZo Ho$cm OmB©c' Aer KmofUm H$aÊ`mV Amcr hmoVr. `m KmofUocm AZwgê$Z g_J« {ejm A{^`mZ
gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amco.
 `moOZoMr C{Ôï>o :
1) JwUdÎmmnyU© XO}Xma {ejU XoUo d {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m e¡j{UH$ {ZînmXZmV (Learning Outcomes) dY©Z H$aUo.
2) emco` {ejUmVrc gm_m{OH$ d c¢{JH$ V\$mdV d ì`mdV©Z Xya H$aUo.
3) emco` {ejUmÀ`m àËòH$ Q>ßß`mV g_mdoeH$ d Ý`mæ` {ejU XoUo.
4) emco` {ejU XoVmZm {H$_mZ _mZHo$ Adc§~Uo.
5) {ejUmÀ`m ì`mdgm{`H$sH$aUmg (Vocationalisation) àmoËgmhZ XoUo.
6) amÁ`m§Zm {ejU h¸$mMm H$m`Xm 2009 À`m à^mdr A§_c~OmdUrgmR>r ghmæ` H$aUo.
7) amÁ` Aä`mgH«$_ _§S>io, amÁ` e¡j{UH$ g§ñWm, {Oëhm {ejU d à{ejU g§ñWm (DIET) `m§À`mV gwYmaUm
H$ê$Z Ë`m§Mo gj_rH$aU H$aUo.
1. gd© {ejm A{^`mZ (SSA - Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan) :
 gwadmV : 2000-2001 nmgyZ gd© {ejm A{^`mZ H$m`©aV Pmco. "ñHy$c Mco h_' `m JrVmZo `m `moOZoMm CÔoe Am{U
VËH$mcrZ dmOno`r gaH$maMm _ZmoX` Ü`mZmV òVmo. 2000 _Üò g§`wŠV amï´>g§KmZo 2015 _Üò JmR>Ê`mgmR>r Oo MDG
R>a{dco hmoVo Ë`mVrc Xwgè`m H«$_m§H$mMo MDG "d¡pídH$ àmW{_H$ {ejU' JmR>Ê`mÀ`m CÔoemZo gd© {ejm A{^`mZ gwê$
H$aÊ`mV Amco.
 CÔoe :
1) 6 Vo 14 df} d`moJQ>mVrc ~mcH$m§Zm Cn`wŠV d `mo½` àmW{_H$ {ejU XoD$Z (2010 n`ªV) {ejUmMo
gmd©{ÌH$sH$aU {H§$dm d¡{ídH$aU (Universalisation) H$aUo' gd© {ejm A{^`mZmMo C{Ôï> hmoVo.
2) emco` ì`dñWmnZmV g_mOmMm gh^mJ KoD$Z "{ejUmVrc gm_m{OH$, àmXo{eH$ d c¢{JH$ ôX Xya H$aUo' hohr
gd© {ejm A{^`mZmMo C{Ôï> hmoVo.
3) 2009 _Yrc {ejU hŠH$ H$m`ÚmÀ`m à^mdr A§_c~OmdUrgmR>r gd© {ejm A{^`mZmMr C{Ôï>o dmT>{dcr. Vr
åhUOo "àmW{_H$ {ejUmMr JwUdÎmm dmT>{dUo', H$m`ÚmÀ`m A§_c~OmdUrÀ`m n`©dojUmgmR>r gw{dYm C^maUo',
"H$m`XçmÀ`m àgmamgmR>r amï´>r` àgma H$m`©H«$_mMo Am`moOZ H$aUo' B.
10 Economics Notes
 6 Vo 14 df©o d`moJQ>mVrc ~mcH$m§Mr 100% Zm|XUr H$aUo, Ë`m§Zm emioV AmUUo d Ë`m§Mr CnpñWVr {Q>H${dUo. `mMm
AW© emim~mø ~mcH$m§Mo à_mU eyÝ`mda AmUUo.
2016-17 nmgyZ `moOZoMm g_mdoe Core `moOZm§_Üò Pmë`m_wio H|$Ð : amÁ` dmQ>m 60 : 40 Agm Pmcm.
13) {S>{OQ>c `wJmVrc {ejU `moOZm :
1. gmjV (SAKSHAT - A One Stop Education Portal) :
 gwadmV : 30 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 2006
 ñdê$n : gmjV ho {dÚmWu, {ejH$, kmZmO©ZmMr BÀN>m AgUmao, H$m_ H$aVm H$aVm {eHy$ BpÀN>Umao, {ejUmnmgyZ
d§{MV am{hcoco `m gdmªZm _mo\$V {ejUmÀ`m g§Yr CncãY H$ê$Z XoUmao do~nmoQ>©c Amho.
2. B-nmR>emim (e-pathshala) :
 gwadmV : 7 Zmoìh|~a 2015
 ñdê$n : B-nmR>emim ho EH$ do~nmoQ>©c AgyZ Vo {dÚmWu, {ejH$, nmcH$, g§emoYH$ `m§À`mgmR>r _moR>m e¡j{UH$ ómoV
CncãY H$ê$Z XoVo. `m nmoQ>©cda B§J«Or, {h§Xr Am{U CXy© {df`mMr {d{dY nwñVHo$, e-books, flipbooks CncãY
H$ê$Z XoÊ`mV Amcr AmhoV. hm CnH«$_ NCERT am~{dVo.
3. emim {gÕr (Shala Siddhi) :
 ñdê$n : emim {gÕr ho EH$ do~nmoQ>©c AgyZ, `m_wio emim§Zm ñdV:Mo _yë`m§H$Z (Evaluation) H$aUo eŠ` hmoVo.
emim Ë`m§Mr _m{hVr `m nmoQ>©cda Q>mH$VmV. `m _m{hVrda AmYm{aV Ë`m emim§Zm `mo½` _mJ©Xe©Z, _m{hVr VWm g„o
(feedback) {Xco OmVmV.
4. gmam§e (Saransh) :
 ñdê$n : CBSE emim d `m emim§_Üò {eH$Umè`m {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m nmcH$m§gmR>r gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcoco ho do~nmoQ>©c VWm
_mo~mB©c A°n Amho. "gmam§e'Ûmao {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m H$m_{JarMo (Performance) {dícofU H$aVm òVo Am{U Ë`mV `Wm`mo½`
gwYmaUm H$aVm òVo.
5. eJwZ (Shagun) :
 gwadmV : 18 OmZodmar 2017
 ñdê$n : emim (Shala) JwUdÎmm (Gunvatta) `m XmoZ eãXm§nmgyZ ~Zcocm "eJwZ' (Shagun) hm eãX òWo
dmnaÊ`mV Amcm Amho. `m nmoQ>©cMo 2 CÔoe AmhoV. EH$ åhUOo emco` H$m`©H«$_m§À`m A§_c~OmdUrMr Am°ZcmBZ
XoIaoI H$aUo Am{U Xwgao åhUOo emim§_Üò ZdZdrZ à`moJ, èñdr à`moJ, _yë`m§H$Z à`moJ `m§Mm emoY KoD$Z `m
à`moJm§Mm àgma H$aUo. ho nmoQ>©c {ejU _§Ìmc`mÀ`m emco` {ejU d gmjaVm {d^mJm_m\©$V Mmc{dco OmVo.
6. ñd`_² (SWAYAM - Study Webs of Active Learning for Youth Aspiring Minds) :
 gwadmV : 9 Owc¡ 2017
 ñdê$n : 9dr B`Îmm Vo nXì`wVa {ejU Aä`mgH«$_ Am{U H$m¡eë` Aä`mgH«$_ Am°ZcmBZ {eH$Vm `mdoV. `m CÔoemZo
ho _mo\$V {ejU nmoQ>©c gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amco Amho.
Hw$Umcmhr Am{U XoemVrc Hw$R>ë`mhr {dÚmÏ`m©n`ªV JwUdÎmmnyU© {ejU nmohmoM{dUo `m nmoQ>©cMm CÔoe Amho.
Economics Notes 11
7. emcm gmaWr (Shala-Sarthi) :

 ñdê$n : J¡agaH$mar g§KQ>Zm (NGO), CSR {ZYr (Corporate Social Responsibility Funds) Am{U amÁ`
gaH$ma `m§À`mV g_Ýd` {Z_m©U H$aÊ`mgmR>r emcm gmaWr nmoQ>©c gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amco Amho.
8. B§àog (IMPRESS - Impactful Policy Research in Social Sciences) :
 ñdê$n : Cƒ {ejU g§ñWm§_Yrc gm_m{OH$ emómVrc (social sciences) g§emoYZmg MmcZm XoUo, hm `m nmoQ>©cMm
CÔoe Amho.
9. PM eVIDYA :
 gwadmV : 17 _o 2020 cm `m `moOZoMr KmofUm H$aÊ`mV Amcr. e¡j{UH$ H$m`©H«$_mMo àgmaU 30 _o 2020 nmgyZ gwê$
Pmco.
 ñdê$n : {S>{OQ>c, Am°ZcmB©Z Am{U DTH Aem _ëQ>r_moS>c _mÜ`_mVyZ gd© {dÚmWu d {ejH$m§n`ªV {ejU
nmohM{dUo hm `m `moOZoMm CÔoe Amho. `mgmR>rM hr `moOZm H$mo{dS>-19 cm°H$S>mD$Z_Üò gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcr hmoVr.
emco` {ejUmgmR>r `m `moOZoÝdò Imcrc 4 KQ>H$ am~{dÊ`mV Amco.
One Nation, One Digital Education Infrastructure `mÝdò gd© amÁò d Ho|$Ðem{gV àXoem§Zm DIKSHA ho
{S>{OQ>c BÝ\«$mñQ´>ŠMa CncãY H$éZ XoÊ`mV Amco Amho. DIKSHA ho Artificial Intelligence AmYmarV S>oQ>m~og
AgyZ, Vo do~ VgoM _mo~mB©cda dmnaVm òD$ eH$Vo. `m S>Qo >m~ogda QR Code cm {c§H$ Ho$cocr nwñVHo$, ñnYm© narjm,
{d{dY H$mog}g d e-content CncãY H$aVm òVmV. DIKSHA S>oQ>m~ogda AmYmarV VidyaDaan ho nmoQ>©c XoIrc
{dH${gV H$aÊ`mV Amco Amho.
14) amï´>r` CƒVa {ejm A{^`mZ (RUSA - Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan) :
 gwadmV : 2013 _Üò CÀM {ejU g§ñWm§Zm Am{W©H$ ghmæ` H$aÊ`mÀ`m CÔoemZo RUSA `moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Amcr.
 RUSA `moOZoMr C{Ôï>o :
1) CÀM {ejU g§ñWm§Mm XOm© gwYmaUo. CÀM {ejU g§ñWm§_Üò gwYmaUm H$aUo.
2) CÀM {ejUmV n{adV©Z KS>dy eH$Umè`m gwYmaUm am~{dUo. `mgmR>r {Z`moOZ H$aUmar d n{adV©Z gwH$a H$aUmar
g§ñWmË_H$ `§ÌUm C^maUo.
3) g§c¾Vm, {ejU, Aä`mgH«$_ VgoM narjm àUmcrV gwYmaUm H$aUo.
4) Cƒ {ejUmVrc àmXo{eH$ {^ÞVm Xya H$aUo.
5) Cƒ {ejU g§ñWm§Mo _yë`m§H$Z H$aUo.
 {‘eZ B§ÐYZwî¶ (Mission Indradhanush) :
 25 {S>g|~a 2014 cm d¡{ídH$ cgrH$aUmMr nmVir JmR>Ê¶mÀ¶m CÔoemZo {‘eZ B§ÐYZwî¶Mr KmofUm H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 2 dfmªAmVrc ~mcH$m§Zm Q>miVm ¶oD$ eH$Umè¶m AmOmam§{dê$Õ g§nyU© cgrH$aU H$aUo Am{U JamoXa ‘mVm§Zm Amdí¶H$
cgrH$aU H$aUo' ¶m A{^¶mZmMo C{Ôï> Amho.
 B§ÐYZwî¶mMo 7 a§J åhUOo 7 AmOma - KQ>gn© (Diptheria), S>m§½¶m ImoH$cm (Whooping Cough), YZwdm©V (Tetanus),
12 Economics Notes
nmo{cAmo (Polio), j¶amoJ (Tuberculosis), Jmoda (Measles) Am{U H$mdri ~ (Hepatitis-B) ¶m 7 AmOmam§{dê$ÕMr
cg XoV Agë¶m‘wio ¶m H$m¶©H«$‘mcm {‘eZ B§ÐYZwî¶ Ago Zmd XoÊ¶mV Amco. na§Vw ¶mV 4 cg AmUIr dmT>{dÊ¶mV
Amë¶m. gwYm[aV nmo{cAmo (Inactivated Polio Vaccine), OmnmZrO ‘|XÿÁda (Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine),
amoQ>mìhm¶ag cg (Rotavirus Vaccine) Am{U Jmoda-ê$~ocm cg (Measles-Rubella Vaccine) ¶m 4 cg
dmT>{dë¶m‘wio cgtMr g§»¶m 11 Pmcr. ¶mV AcrH$S>o AmUIr 1 cg dmT>{dÊ¶mV Amcr, Vr åhUOo ‘|XÿÁda{dê$ÕMr
Hib (Haemophilus Influenza) cg. Ë¶m‘wio cgtMr g§»¶m AmVm 12 Pmcr Amho.
i) {‘eZ g§nH©$ (Mission Sampark) :
1 {S>g|~a 2017 cm OmJ{VH$ ES²>g {XZm{Z{‘Îm NSP 2017-2024 gmo~VM {‘eZ g§nH©$ XoIrc gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV
Amco. EMAm¶ìhr-ES²>g~m{YV Oo-Oo CnMmamImcr ¶oUo ~mH$s AmhoV Am{U Á¶m§À¶m CnMmamMm nmR>nwamdm H$am¶Mm
amhÿZ Jocm Ë¶m§Mm emoY KoD$Z Ë¶m§Zm ¶mo½¶ godm nwa{dÊ¶mgmR>r {‘eZ g§nH©$ gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amco Amho.
ii) àmoOo³Q> gZamBO (Project Sunrise) :
B©emÝ¶nyd© amÁ¶m§‘Ü¶o ({deofV: ‘{Unya, {‘Pmoam‘) EMAm¶ìhrMm AmT>iXa VwcZoZo OmñV Amho. ‘mXH$Ðì¶m§Mo ì¶gZr
cmoH$m§Zr Q>moMyZ KoVcoë¶m Xÿ{fV gy¶m§‘m’©$V hmoUmè¶m g§gJm©Mo à‘mU ¶m amÁ¶m§‘Ü¶o OmñV Amho.
Economics Notes 13
gm‘m{OH$ joÌ gwYmaUm

(Social Sector Initiatives)
1) ñQ>on H$m¶©H«$‘ (STEP - Support to Training & Employment Program for Women)
 ‘{hcm§Mr H$m¡eë¶o d emídV amoOJmamV gwYmaUm H$aÊ¶mgmR>r à{ejU XoUmar hr ¶moOZm 1986-87 ‘Ü¶o gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV
Amcr.
 ¶moOZoMr C{Ôï>o :
1) ‘{hcm§Zm amoOJma {‘idyZ XoB©c, Ago H$m¡eë¶ nwa{dUo.
2) ‘{hcm ñdmdc§~r hmoVrc qH$dm ì¶mdgm{¶H$ ~ZVrc ¶m CÔoemZo H$m¡eë¶ d j‘Vm nwa{dUo.
 ¶moOZoMo cú¶JQ> : 16 df} d Ë¶mnojm OmñV d¶ AgUmè¶m gd© ‘{hcm.
 ¶moOZm nydu 8 nma§n[aH$ joÌm§gmR>rM H$m¶©aV hmoVr. 2014 nmgyZ Vr amoOJmaÀ¶m gd©M joÌm§gmR>r Iwcr H$aÊ¶mV Amcr
Amho.
 ñQ>on à{ejU {H$‘mZ 2 ‘{hZo d H$‘mc 18 ‘{hZo XoÊ¶mV ¶oVo. EH$m à{ejU àH$ënmV H$‘mc 200 ‘{hcm§Zm àdoe
AgVmo. ho à{ejU àH$ën A{Zdmgr AgVmV.
 gwadmVrcm ñQ>on ¶moOZm H|$Ðr¶ ¶moOZm hmoVr. gÜ¶m Vr H|$Ð nwañH¥$V Core ¶moOZm Amho.
2) {‘eZ e³Vr (Mission Shakti) :
 2021-22 AW©g§H$ënmV gd© ‘hÎdmÀ¶m ‘{hcm§{df¶H$ ¶moOZm EH$mM gdm}ÀM ¶moOZoImcr AmUÊ¶mMr KmofUm
H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 ‘{hcm d ‘wctZm g‘mdoeH$ {dH$mgmV AJ«H«$‘ {Xcm nm{hOo. Ë¶m§Zm g§gmYZo d g§Yr g‘g‘mZ CncãY Pmcr nm{hOoV.
emídV {dH$mg KS>{dÊ¶mgmR>r Á¶m Am{W©H$, n¶m©daUr¶ Am{U gm‘m{OH$ gwYmaUm H$amì¶m cmJVmV, Ë¶mV ‘{hcm ¶m
‘w»¶ H$maH$ (Key agents) AgVmV. ‘{hcm d ‘wctgmR>r am~dë¶m OmUmè¶m ¶moOZm§Mr nwZa©MZm H$aUo Amdí¶H$
dmQ>ë¶m‘wio {‘eZ e³Vr {h ZdrZ ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV ¶odyZ BVa ¶moOZm Ë¶m gXamImcr AmUÊ¶mMr KmofUm H$aÊ¶mV
Amcr Amho. ¶mnydu 2016-17 ‘Ü¶o gwê$ Pmcoë¶m ‘{hcm g§ajU d ge³VrH$aU A{^¶mZmMo (MPEW) ho
AmYw{ZH$ ñdê$n Amho.
 ‘mJo d da gm§{JVcoë¶m ZdrZ R>amdm§Zwgma ‘{hcm d ~mc{dH$mg ‘§Ìmc¶m§VJ©V AmVm 3 gdm}ƒ ¶moOZm ‘moS>VmV -
nmofUmMr "gj‘ A§JUdmS>r Am{U nmofU 2.0', ~mcH$m§gmR>rMr "{‘eZ dmËgë¶' Am{U ‘{hcm {dH$mgmMr "{‘eZ
eº$s'.
 2021-22 AW©g§H$ënmV {‘eZ e³VrgmR>r 3,109 H$moQ>r ê$n¶m§Mr VaVyX H$aÊ¶mV Amcr Amho.
 {‘eZ e³Vr A§VJ©V 2 ‘moR>çm ¶moOZm AmhoV - g§~c Am{U gm‘Ï¶©.
 g§~c ¶m qhXr eãXmMm AW© AmYma (Support) Agm hmoVmo. g§~c gXamImcr C‚dcm, One Stop Centre ¶moOZm,
ñdmYmaJ¥h, dw‘Z hoëncmBZ, ‘{hcm dg{VJ¥ho Am{U ‘{hcm nmo{cg ñd¶§godH$ ¶m ¶moOZm/gmYZo ¶oVmV.
 gm‘Ï¶© ¶m gXamImcr àYmZ‘§Ìr ‘mV¥ d§XZm ¶moOZm, ~oQ>r ~MmAmo ~oQ>r nT>mAmo, àYmZ‘§Ìr ‘{hcm e³Vr H|$Ð ¶moOZm
Am{U O|S>a ~OoQ> ¶m ¶moOZm ¶oVmV.
14 Economics Notes
 g§~c :
A) CÁÁdcm (Ujjwala) (CSCT - Comprehensive Scheme to Combat Trafficking)
 4 {S>g|~a 2007 nmgyZ ‘{hcm§Mo emofU d ì¶mnmamg à{V~§Y (to prevent exploitation and trafficking of
women) H$aÊ¶mgmR>r C‚dcm ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 ¶m ¶moOZoMo 5 CnKQ>H$ AmhoV.
1) g§ajUmË‘H$ Vê$Um§Mo JQ> V¶ma H$aUo, nmo{cg d JQ>ZoË¶m§H$adr OmJê$H$Vm {Z‘m©U H$ê$Z "AË¶mMmamMm à{V~§Y'
(Prevention) H$aUo.
2) {nidUyH$ hmoV Agcoë¶m joÌm§‘YyZ "{ñÌ¶m§Mm ~Mmd' (Rescue) H$aUo.
3) ~m{YV {ñÌ¶m§Zm gwa{jV {Zdmam, Amhma, dñÌ, g‘wnXoeZ, Amamo½¶ godm, à{ejU XoD$Z "nwZd©gZ' (Rehabilitation)
H$aUo.
4) ~m{YV {ñÌ¶m§Zm Hw$Qw>§~ d g‘mOmV naV AmUÊ¶mgmR>r "nwZE©H$mË‘rH$aU' (Re-integration) H$aÊ¶mgmR>r ‘XV
H$aUo.
5) gr‘oncrH$S>rc ~m{YV ‘{hcm§Zm {VÀ¶m "ñdXoer nmR>dUwH$sgmR>r' (Repatriation) à¶ËZ H$aUo.
 gm‘Ï¶© :
A) àYmZ‘§Ìr ‘mV¥ d§XZm ¶moOZm (PMMVY - Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana)
 gwadmV :
1 OmZodmar 2017. ‘mV¥Ëd ¶moOZoMm cm^ XoUmè¶m ¶moOZoMr ì¶már Xoeâ dmT>{dcr OmB©c, Aer KmofUm àYmZ‘§Ìr
lr. Za|Ð ‘moXr ¶m§Zm 31 {S>g|~a 2017 cm Ho$cr hmoVr. Ver KmofUm 1 ’o$~«wdmar 2017 cm ‘m§S>coë¶m AW©g§H$ënmVhr
H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. ¶moOZoÀ¶m ‘mJ©Xe©H$ gyMZm§Mo àH$meZ Am{U Am¡nMm[aH$ AZmdaU lr‘Vr ‘oZH$m Jm§Yr ¶m§À¶m hñVo
1 gßQ>|~a 2017 cm H$aÊ¶mV Amco. na§Vy ¶moOZoMm cm^ XoÊ¶mgmR>rMr VmarI "1 OmZodmar 2017 nmgyZ'
(restrospective) J¥hrV YaÊ¶mV Amcr.
 PMMVY ¶moOZoMo ‘yi Amnë¶mcm 2010-11 ‘Ü¶o gwê$ Pmcoë¶m B§{Xam Jm§Yr ‘mV¥Ëd gh¶moJ ¶moOZoV gmnS>Vo.
 PMMVY Mr C{Ôï>o :
1) ‘mVm§À¶m ~wS>mcoë¶m amoOJmamMr A§eV: ânmB© H$aUo, Á¶m‘wio Vr ‘mVm àgy{Vnyd© d àgy{VníMmV nwaoer {dlm§Vr
KoD$ eHo$c.
2) JamoXa d ñVZXm ‘mVm§Zm amoI aH$‘oÛmao Ë¶m§À¶m Amamo½¶mV gwYmaUm H$aUo.
 PMMVY Mm cm^ :
1) Á¶m ‘mVm§Mr àgy{V 1 OmZodmar 2017 cm qH$dm Ë¶mZ§Va Pmcr qH$dm hmoUma Amho, Ë¶m ¶m ¶moOZog nmÌ hmoË¶m/
AmhoV. (Aem ‘mVm Á¶m§Zr IGMSY À¶m n{hë¶m Q>ßß¶mVrc a¸$‘ KoVcr Am{U Ë¶m 1 OmZodmar 2017 Z§Va
àgyV Pmë¶m Ë¶m§Zm IGMSY À¶m Xþgè¶m Q>ßß¶mVrc a³H$‘ XoÊ¶mEodOr PMMVY À¶m {Vgè¶m Q>ßß¶mMr a³H$‘
XoÊ¶mV Amcr.)
2) ¶moOZoMm cm^ emgH$s¶ d gmd©O{ZH$ joÌ CnH«$‘m§‘Ü¶o H$m‘ H$aUmè¶m ‘{hcm§Zm {‘iV Zmhr. (H$maU ¶m ‘mVm§Zm
àgyVr aOoMm cm^ {‘iV AgVmo.)
Economics Notes 15
3) ¶moOZoMm cm^ n{hë¶m {Od§V AnË¶mMm OÝ‘ XoVmZmM {‘iVmo. IGMSY ¶moOZoV Vmo n{hë¶m XmoZ {Od§V
AnË¶m§Zm OÝ‘ XoVmZm {‘iV Ago.) OwÝ¶m d Zì¶m ¶moOZoVrc gyú‘ ’$aH$ V³Ë¶mV XmI{dco AmhoV.
4) PMMVY ¶moOZoÝd¶o cm^mWu ‘mVocm 5,000 ê$n¶m§Mr Am{W©H$ ‘XV {Xcr OmVo. hr ‘XV 3 Q>ßß¶m§‘Ü¶o {Xcr
OmVo. ¶m gd© aH$‘m WoQ> ~±H$ ImË¶mV qH$dm nmoñQ> ImË¶mV dJ© Ho$ë¶m OmVmV.
- n{hcm Q>ßnm : 1,000 ê$. JamoXa am{hë¶mMr Zm|X Ho$ë¶mZ§Va cm^mWu ‘mVocm 1,000 ê$. {Xco OmVmV.
- Xþgam Q>ßnm : 2,000 ê$. JamoXa am{hë¶mZ§Va 6 ‘{hÝ¶m§Zr cm^mWu ‘mVocm 2,000 ê$. {Xco OmVmV. ¶mgmR>r Ë¶m
‘mVoZo {H$‘mZ EH$ doim Amamo½¶ VnmgUr (ante-natal check up) H$ê$Z KoUo A{Zdm¶© AgVo.
- {Vgam Q>ßnm : 2,000 ê$. àgy{VZ§Va ~mcH$mMr OÝ‘Zm|X Pmë¶mda ‘mVocm 2,000 é. {Xco OmVmV. ¶mgmR>r
OÝ‘XmIcm d ~mcH$mcm n{hë¶m Q>ßß¶mVrc cgrH$aU (BCG, OPV, DPT, Hepatitis-B) Ho$ë¶mMm
XmIcm/H$mS>© XmIdUo A{Zdm¶© AgVo.
 amï´>r¶ AÞgwajm H$m¶Xm 2013 Zwgma IGMSY ¶moOZocm "H$m¶Xoera ¶moOZm' åhUyZ XOm© XoÊ¶mV Amcm hmoVm.
IGMSY ¶moOZonmgyZ Zì¶mZo CËH«$m§V Pmcocr PMMVY hr amï´>r¶ AÞgwajm H$m¶Xm 2013 Zwgma H$mXoera ¶moOZm
Amho. åhUOo nmÌ ‘mVm§Zm PMMVY ¶moOZoÝd¶o ‘mV¥Ëd cm^ {‘iÊ¶mMm H$mXoera h¸$ Amho.
B) ~oQ>r ~MmAmo, ~oQ>r nT>mAmo A{^¶mZ (BBBP - Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao)
 ^maVmVrc ~mcqcJJwUmoÎma 2011 ‘Yrc A§{V‘ gwYm[aV AmH$S>odmarZwgma 918 Pmco. Ë¶m‘wio ‘wctÀ¶m {Z^mdmgmR>r,
g§ajUmgmR>r d g~crH$aUmgmR>r 22 OmZodmar 2015 cm ~oQ>r ~MmAmo, ~oQ>r nT>mAmo A{^¶mZmcm gwadmV H$aÊ¶mV
Amcr. ¶m A{^¶mgmR>r {gZoVmaH$m ‘mYwar Xr{jVcm g{XÀN>mXÿV (ambassador) åhUyZ {ZdS>co Amho.
 h[a¶mZmVrc ~mcqcJJwUmoÎma gdm©V H$‘r (834) Agë¶m‘wio ho A{^¶mZ h[a¶mZmVrc "nm{ZnV' ‘YyZ gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV
Amco. A{^¶mZmMr EH$ Cn¶moOZm "gwH$Ý¶m g‘¥Õr ¶moOZm' XoIrc ¶m ì¶mgnrR>mdê$Z Kmo{fV H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 A{^¶mZmMr C{Ôï>o :
1) njnmVr qcJ{ZdS>rÀ¶m à{H«$¶oMo CÝ‘ycZ H$aUo.
2) ‘wctMo A{ñVËd d g§ajU gw{Z{íMV H$aUo.
3) ‘wctMo {ejU d gh^mJ gw{Z{íMV H$aUo.
C) àYmZ‘§Ìr ‘{hcm e³Vr H|$Ð ¶moOZm (PMMSK - Pradhan Mantri Mahila Shakti Kendra Scheme)
 gwadmV : 2017-18. AW©‘§Í¶m§Zr 2017-18 AW©g§H$ën ‘m§S>VmZm ‘{hcm eº$s H|$Ðo C^maÊ¶mMo Omhra H$ê$Z
Ë¶mgmR>r 500 H$moQ>r ê$n¶m§Mr VaVyX Ho$cr hmoVr. Ë¶mZygma 2017-18 Am{W©H$ dfm©nmgyZ PMMSK ¶moOZm cmJy
Pmcr Amho. ‘mM© 2010 ‘Ü¶o gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcocr amï´>r¶ ‘{hcm geº$sH$aU A{^¶mZ hr ¶moOZm PMMSK ‘Ü¶o
{dcrZ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr Amho.
* amï´>r¶ ‘{hcm geº$sH$aU A{^¶mZ (NMEW - National Mission for Empowerment of Women):
{d{dY ‘§Ìmc¶o VgoM amÁ¶emgZmÀ¶m ¶moOZm§À¶m g‘Ýd¶mVyZ ‘{hcm§À¶m gm‘m{OH$, Am{W©H$ d e¡j{UH$ ge³VrH$aUmgmR>r
8 ‘mM© 2010 nmgyZ ho A{^¶mZ gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amco hmoVo. ¶m A{^¶mZmcm "{‘eZ nyU©e³Vr' Agohr Zmd XoÊ¶mV Amco
hmoVo. ‘{hcm {dH$mg à{V‘mZm§VJ©V J«m‘rU ñVamda nyU© e³Vr H|$Ð C^maco OmV AgV.
 PMMSK ¶moOZoMm CÔoe :
1) J«m‘, VmcwH$m, {Oëhm d amÁ¶ ñVamda ‘{hcm eº$s H|$Ð C^maUo.
2) ¶m H|$ÐmÛmao J«m‘rU ‘{hcm§Mm gh^mJ dmT>{dUo.
16 Economics Notes
3) ‘{hcm§Mo ge³VrH$aU H$aUo.

4) J«m‘rU ‘{hcm Am{U gaH$ma ¶m§À¶mV Xþdm gmYUo.
 ‘hmamï´>mVrc YmoaUo d ¶moOZm :
3) ‘ZmoY¡¶© ¶moOZm :
 2 Am°³Q>mo~a 2013 nmgyZ amÁ¶mV ‘ZmoY¡¶© ¶moOZm am~cdr OmVo.
 ~cmËH$ma nr{S>V d A°grS> hëë¶mVrc OI‘r ‘{hcm§Zm d c¢{JH$ AË¶mMmaJ«ñV ~mcH$m§Zm Am{W©H$ ‘XV H$ê$Z Ë¶m§Mo
nwZd©gZ H$aUo ‘ZmoY¡¶© ¶moOZoMm CÔoe Amho.
 Am{W©H$ ‘XV - nr{S>V ì¶³Vrda JwÝøm‘wio Pmcoë¶m ‘mZ{gH$ d emar[aH$ n[aUm‘m§Mr Vrd«Vm ~KyZ nr{S>Vmcm 3 cmI
ê$n¶o Vo 10 cmI ê$n¶m§Mr Am{W©H$ ‘XV {Xcr OmVo.
 CnMma - nr{S>Vm§Zm gd© emgH$s¶ d ImgJr ê$½Umc¶m§‘Ü¶o ‘mo’$V CnMma nwadcm OmVmo. hëë¶m‘wio EMAm¶ìhr/ES²>g
~mYm Pmcr Va Ë¶mgmR>rMm CnMmahr ‘mo’$V nwadcm OmVmo. d¡ÚH$s¶ CnMmamgmR>r 30,000 Vo 50,000 ê$n¶m§Mr ‘XV
Ho$cr OmVo.
 ‘wXV R>od - darc 3 cmI ê$. Vo 10 cmI ê$n¶o ‘XVrn¡H$s 25% a¸$‘ amoI ñdê$nmV ~m{YVmg XoÊ¶mV ¶oVo. 75%
a³H$‘ nr{S>V ì¶³VrÀ¶m Zmdo ~±Ho$V 10 dfmªÀ¶m ‘wXV R>odrV R>odcr OmVo.
4) H$m‘YoZy ¶moOZm :
 An§J ñd¶§-amoOJmarV, KQ>ñ’$moQ>rV ‘{hcm d JaOy ‘{hcm§Zm Kar ~gyZ amoOJma {‘imdm åhUyZ emgH$s¶/{Z‘emgH$s¶
joÌmVrc 50% H$m‘ Zm|XUrH¥$V ‘{hcm g§ñWm§Zm XoÊ¶mV ¶mdo, ¶m ñdê$nmMr hr ¶moOZm Amho.
5) ‘mPr H$Ý¶m ^m½¶lr gwYm[aV ¶moOZm :
 1 OmZodmar 2014 cm amÁ¶mV gwH$Ý¶m ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr hmoVr. 8 ‘mM© 2015 cm gwH$Ý¶m ¶moOZoMo ê$nm§Va
‘mPr H$Ý¶m ^m½¶lr ¶moOZoV H$aÊ¶mV Amco d ‘mPr H$Ý¶m ^m½¶lr ¶moOZm 1 E{àc 2016 cm cmJy H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
AmVm ¶m ¶moOZoMo Zmd ‘mPr H$Ý¶m ^m½¶lr gwYm[aV ¶moOZm Ago H$aÊ¶mV Amco AgyZ gwYm[aV ¶moOZm 1 Am°JñQ> 2017
nmgyZ cmJy H$aÊ¶mV Amcr Amho. {gZoVmaH$m ^m½¶lr ¶moOZoMr g{XÀN>mXÿV AgyZ {VMoM Zmd ¶moOZocm XoÊ¶mV Amco
Amho.
 ¶moOZoMr C{Ôï>ço :
1) ‘wctMm OÝ‘Xa dmT>{dUo.
2) qcJ {ZdS>rg à{V~§Y H$aUo.
3) ‘wctÀ¶m {ejUm~m~V àmoËgmhZ VWm ImÌr XoUo.
4) ‘wctÀ¶m Amamo½¶mMm XOm© dmT>{dUo.
6) A{ñ‘Vm ¶moOZm :
 gwadmV : 8 ‘mM© 2018
 ¶moOZoMm CÔoe :
1) amÁ¶mVrc J«m‘rU ^mJmVrc ‘{hcm d {H$emoad¶rZ ‘wcr VgoM {Oëhm n[afX emim§‘Yrc 11 Vo 19 dfo©
d¶moJQ>mVrc {H$emoad¶rZ ‘wct‘Ü¶o g°{ZQ>ar Z°n{H$Z d d¡¶{³VH$ ñdÀN>Vog§X^m©V OmUrd, OmJ¥Vr, g‘wnXoe H$aUo
d Ë¶m§Zm ‘m’$H$ XamV g°{ZQ>ar Z°n{H$Z CncãY H$ê$Z XoUo.
Economics Notes 17
2) ¶m ¶moOZoMm Xþæ¶‘ CÔoe ¶m ¶moOZoV ñd¶§ghm¶Vm JQ>m§Zm gm‘mdyZ KoUo Amho. ¶moOZoÀ¶m A§‘c~OmdUrV
ñd¶§ghm¶Vm JQ> ho ‘hÎdmMo ‘mÜ¶‘ AmhoV.
 ¶moOZ|VJ©V ñd¶§ghmæ¶Vm JQ> gdcrVÀ¶m XamV g°{ZQ>ar Z°n{H$Z IaoXr H$aVmV d ‘{hcm d {H$emoad¶rZ ‘wctZm
gdcVrÀ¶m XamV {dH«$s H$aVmV.
1) J«m‘rU ‘{hcm§gmR>r 240 {‘.‘r. 8 n°S>Mo n°H$ 24 ê$.
2) {Oëhm n[afX emioVrc {H$emoad¶rZ ‘wctgmR>r 240 {‘.‘r. 8 n°S>Mo n°H$ 5 ê$. (IaoXr qH$‘V 4 ê$. + JQ>mMm
hmVmiUr IM© 1 ê$.) {dH«$s {H$‘Vrcm CncãY AgVo.
3) ñd¶§ghmæ¶Vm JQ>m§Mr g°{ZQ>ar Z°n{H$ZMr ‘mJUr Zm|X{dÊ¶mgmR>r d Ë¶m§Mm nwadR>m H$aÊ¶mgmR>r ASMITA ZmdmMo
‘mo~mB©c A°nhr {dH${gV H$aÊ¶mV Amco Amho. ho A°n d g~{gS>r ì¶dñWmnZ ¶g ~±Ho$V’}$ Ho$co OmV Amho.
4) Zm|XUr Pmcoë¶m {Oëhm n[afX emim§‘Yrc ‘wctgmR>r ¶g ~±Ho$‘m’©$V A{ñ‘Vm H$mS>© {dVarV Ho$co OmV AmhoV.
5) C‘oX g§ñWm qH$dm MSRLM g§ñWm ¶m ¶moOZogmR>rMr ZmoS>c g§ñWm Amho.
7) gwJå¶ ^maV A{^¶mZ (AIC - Accessible India Campaign) :
 gwadmV : 3 {S>g|~a 2015.
3 {S>g|~a 2015 ¶m Am§Vaamï´>r¶ An§J {XZr gwJå¶ ^maV A{^¶mZ gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amco. ho A{^¶mZ gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV
Amco. ho A{^¶mZ gm‘m{OH$ Ý¶m¶ d g~crH$aU ‘§Ìmc¶mÀ¶m {Xì¶m§JOZ {d^mJm‘m’©$V am~dco OmV Amho.
 An§JËdm‘wio An§J ì¶º$s gd©Xÿa nmohmoMy eH$V ZmhrV. An§Jm§Zm d¡{ídH$ nmohmoM (uniersal accessibility) nwadUo
ho gwJå¶ ^maV A{^¶mZmMo C{Ôï> Amho. CXm. An§Jm§Zm ñdV§Ì em¡Mmc¶ nwa{dUo, ~«oc {MÝho Agcoë¶m {câQ> Am{U
ldU {MÝho CncãY H$aUo, gmd©O{ZH$ B‘maVt‘Ü¶o CVa§S> ì¶dñWm (ramps) BË¶mhr.
8) amï´>r¶ d¶molr ¶moOZm (Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana)
 gwadmV : 1 E[àc 2017.
Zoëcmoa (Am§Y«àXoe) ¶oWyZ 1 E{àc 2017 cm amï´>r¶ d¶molr ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. ¶m ¶moOZoMr KmofUm 2015-
16 À¶m AW©g§H$ënmV H$aÊ¶mV Amcr hmoVr.
 2011 OZJUZoZwgma ^maVmVrc d¥Õm§Mr g§»¶m 10.38 H$moQ>r Pmcr. d¥ÕËdm‘wio Am§{eH$ Vo J§^ra An§JËd ¶oV AgVo.
5.2% d¥Õm§Zm H$mhrZm H$mhr An§JËd Amcoco hmoVo. ¶m An§JËdmZo ~m{YV d¥Õm§Zm gmhmæ¶ H$aVm ¶mdo ¶m CÔoemZo amï´>r¶
d¶molr ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr Amho.
 cú¶JQ> : Xm[aÐçaofoImcrc Hw$Qw>§~m§‘Yco An§JËd Amcoco d¥Õ (d¶ 60 df} d Ë¶mhÿZ A{YH$)
 ¶moOZoMo ñdê$n :
1) ¶m ¶moOZoÝd¶o An§JËd Amcoë¶m d¥Õm§Zm ^m¡{VH$ gmYZo (Physical aids) Am{U ghmæ¶^yV gmYZo (Assisted
Living Devices) ‘mo’$V {Xcr OmVmV.
CXm. MmcÊ¶mgmR>r H$mR>r nwadUo.
2) ~hþ{dH$cm§JVm (EH$mnojm A{YH$ An§JËd) Agë¶mg àË¶oH$ àH$maÀ¶m An§JËdmgmR>r gmYZo {Xcr OmVmV.
CXm. EH$mM d¥Õmg MmcÊ¶mgmR>r H$mR>r Am{U ~{haonUmgmR>r H$U©¶§Ì XoVm ¶ody eH$Vo.
3) ¶moOZoMr A§‘c~OmdUr ALIMCO g§ñWo‘m’©$V Ho$cr OmVo.
4) {H$‘mZ 30% cm^ d¥Õ ‘{hcm§Zm {Xcm OmVmo.
5) darc gmYZo nwadÊ¶mgmR>r ¶moOZ|VJ©V {e{~ao Am¶mo{OV Ho$cr OmVmV.
18 Economics Notes
9) dZ YZ ¶moOZm :
 gwê$dmV : 14 E{àc 2018 cm Am§~oS>H$a O¶§VrMo Am¡{MË¶ gmYyZ {~Omnya (N>ÎmrgJS>) ¶oWyZ lr. Za|Ð ‘moXr ¶m§À¶m
hñVo ¶m ¶moOZoMo AZmdaU Pmco.
 ¶m ¶moOZoÝd¶o dZ YZ {dH$mg H|$Ð C^maco OmVo. EH$m H|$ÐmV AZwgy{MV O‘mVrVrc àË¶oH$s 30 gXñ¶ AgUmao 10
ñd¶§ghm¶Vm JQ> {Z‘m©U Ho$co OmVmV. ¶m JQ>m§Zm ì¶dgm¶ à{ejU, H$m¡eë¶ à{ejU d H$m¡eë¶dY©ZmMo à{ejU {Xco
OmVo. ¶m JQ>m§Zm H$m¶©H$mar ^m§S>dchr nwa{dco OmVo. XoeâmV Aer 30,000 dZ YZ H|$Ðo C^maUo àñVm{dV Amho. Ago
n{hco H|$Ð {~Omnya ¶oWoM gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amco.
 ¶m H|$Ðm§Zm à{ejU d Vm§{ÌH$ ghmæ¶ "Q´>m¶’o$S>' H$aVo. ñd¶§ghmæ¶Vm JQ>m§Zr V¶ma Ho$coë¶m CËnmXZm§Mr {dH«$s Xoeâ
H$aÊ¶mgmR>r Vm§{ÌH$ ‘XV Ho$cr OmVo.
 Aëng§»¶mH$ (Minorities) :
1) Z¶m gdoam (Free Coaching & Allied Scheme) :
 gwadmV : 2006-07.
Aëng§»¶mH$ {dÚmWu, Oo Vm§{ÌH$ d ì¶mdgm{¶H$ Aä¶mgH«$‘m§‘Ü¶o àdoe KoD$ BpÀN>VmV, {d{dY CÚmoJ, ~±H$m, {d‘m
H§$nÝ¶m§‘Ü¶o amoOJma {‘idy BpÀN>VmV, Ë¶m§Zm 11 dr d 12 drMo {ejU KoVmZm ‘mo’$V H$moqMJ nwa{dÊ¶mÀ¶m CÔoemZo Z¶m
gdoam ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
2) ZB© amoeZr :
 gwadmV : 2012-13 ‘Ü¶o Aëng§»¶mH$ ‘{hcm§À¶m ge³VrH$aUmgmR>r SLDM ¶moOZm (Scheme for Leadership
Development of Minority Women) gwê$ Ho$cr. nwT>o ¶m ¶moOZocm ZB© amoeZr Ago Zmd XoÊ¶mV Amco.
Aëng§»¶mH$ ‘{hcm§Zm gaH$mar ¶§ÌUm, ~±H$m d BVa g§ñWm§~amo~a OmoS>Ê¶mgmR>r kmZ, Cnm¶ d gmYZo nwadyZ ¶m ‘{hcm§Mo
ge³VrH$aU H$aUo Am{U Ë¶m§À¶mV gm‘m{OH$ AmË‘{dídmg {Z‘m©U H$aUo.
 ¶moOZm am~{dÊ¶mgmR>r gm‘m{OH$ g§ñWm, J¡agaH$mar g§KQ>Zm d {d{dY emgH$s¶ g§ñWm§Mr ‘XV KoVcr OmVo.
 ¶moOZoÝd¶o Aëng§»¶mH$ ‘{hcm§Mo à{ejU KoVco OmVo. ¶m à{ejUmV ZoV¥Ëd {dH$mg, e¡j{UH$ H$m¶©H«$‘, Amamo½¶ d
ñdÀN>Vm, ñdÀN> ^maV, {dÎmr¶ gmjaVm, OrdZ H$m¡eë¶o, ‘{hcm§Mo d¡Ym{ZH$ A{YH$ma, {S>{OQ>c gmjaVm, gm‘m{OH$
d dV©ZmË‘H$ ~XcmMr Amdí¶H$Vm BË¶mXr {df¶ KoVco OmVmV.
3) ZB© CS>mZ :
 gwadmV : 2013-14.
UPSC, ñQ>m’$ {gco³eZ qH$dm amÁ¶mVrc cmoH$godm Am¶moJmÀ¶m nyd© narjm CÎmrU© hmoUmè¶m Aëng§»¶mH$ {dÚmÏ¶mªZm
(H$moqMJgmR>r) Am{W©H$ ghmæ¶ H$aUo d cmoH$àemgZmV Aëng§»¶mH$m§Mm gh^mJ dmT>{dUo, ¶m ¶moOZoMm CÔoe Amho.
4) nT>mo naXoe :
 gwadmV : 2013-14.
 Aëng§»¶mH$ {dÚmWu Oo {dXoemV Cƒ (Masters, M.Phil, Ph.D) {ejU KoD$ BpÀN>VmV, Ë¶m§Zm e¡j{UH$ H$Om©da
ì¶mO g~{gS>r {Xcr OmVo. ¶mgmR>r cm^mWu Hw$Qw>§~mMo dm{f©H$ CËnÞ 6 cmI ê$n¶m§À¶m AmV Agco nm{hOo.
Economics Notes 19
5) CñVmX (USTTAD - Upgrading the Skills and Training in Traditional Arts/crafts for
Development):
 gwadmV : Zo 2015.
Aëng§»¶mH$ H$mam{Jam§Zm Oo nma§n[aH$ H$m¡eë¶, H$cm Am{U hñVH$cm AdJV AmhoV Ë¶m§Mo OVZ d {dH$mg H$aUo ¶m
¶moOZoMm CÔoe Amho.
 ¶moOZoÝd¶o Aëng§»¶mH$m§Zm ghmæ¶ H$aUo, Ë¶m§À¶m j‘Vm {dH${gV H$aUo d Ë¶m§À¶m H$cm OJmVrc ~mOmanoR>on¶ªV KoD$Z
OmÊ¶mgmR>r nmdco CMccr OmVmV. gÜ¶m Aem H$mam{Jam§Mo g‘yh (craft clusters) {Z‘m©U Ho$co OmV AmhoV. VgoM
¶m H$mam{Jam§gmR>r {eën CËgd, àXe©Zo, hþZa hmQ> Am¶mo{OV Ho$co OmV AmhoV.
6) ZB© ‘§Prc :
 gwadmV : 8 Am°JñQ> 2015 cm nmQ>Um ¶oWyZ hr ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
Aëng§»¶mH$ Vê$U, Á¶m§Zr {ejU KoVcoco Zmhr qH$dm {ejU AÜ¶m©da gmoS>co Am{U Á¶m§À¶mH$S>o Am¡nMm[aH$ {ejU
KoVë¶mMm Hw$R>cmhr nwamdm Zmhr Aem Vê$Um§Zm Am¡nMm[aH$ {ejU H$m¡eë¶ nwa{dUo Am{U Ë¶m§Zm amoOJmaj‘ ~ZdyZ
Ë¶m§Mo g§K{Q>V joÌmV g‘mdoeZ H$aUo, hm ¶m ¶moOZoMm CÔoe Amho.
 ¶moOZm am~{dÊ¶mgmR>r àH$ën g§ñWm (Project Implementation Agencies) C^maÊ¶mV Amë¶m AmhoV. ¶m g§ñWm
Aem Vê$Um§Zm 9 Vo 12 ‘{hÝ¶m§Mo H$m¡eë¶ à{ejU XoVmV.
 ¶moOZogmR>r 5 dfmªgmR>r 650 H$moQ>r ê$n¶m§Mr VaVyX H$aÊ¶mV ¶oV Amho. {deof åhUOo ¶mVrc IMm©Mm ^ma OmJ{VH$ ~±H$
CMcUma Amho.
7) {O¶mo nmagr (Scheme for Containing Population Decline of Parsis of India) :
 gwadmV : gßQ>|~a 2013.
 nmagr Y‘u¶Z cmoH$g§»¶m 1941 ‘Ü¶o 1,14,000 hmoVr, Vr 2011 ‘Ü¶o 57,264 Pmcr Amho. C{eam c¾, c¾ Z
H$aUo, OZZXa H$‘r hmoUo, Xoem~mhoa ñWcm§Va, KQ>ñ’$moQ> hr cmoH$g§»¶m H$‘r hmoÊ¶m‘mJMr H$maUo AmhoV.
 nmagr Y‘u¶ cmoH$g§»¶m dmT>Vr H$aUo, Ë¶mgmR>r d¡km{ZH$ {eï>mMma, g§aMZmË‘H$ hñVjon ¶m Cn¶m¶moOZm am~{dUo, hm
¶m ¶moOZo‘mJMm gaH$maMm CÔoe Amho.
 gm‘m{OH$ gwajm (Social Security) :
 B§{Xam Jm§Yr amï´>r¶ d¥Õm§gmR>rMr n|eZ ¶moOZm (IG-NOAPS - Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension
Scheme) :
¶moOZm 15 Am°JñQ> 1995 cm gwê$ Pmcr. gÜ¶m Xm[aÐç aofoImcrc 60 Vo 79 df} d¶mVrc d¥Õm§Zm ‘m{gH$ 200 ê$.
‘XV d 80 dfmªnojm OmñV d¶mÀ¶m d¥Õm§Zm ‘m{gH$ 500 ê$. ‘XV {Xcr OmVo.
 B§{Xam Jm§Yr amï´>r¶ {dYdm§gmR>rMr n|eZ ¶moOZm (IG-NWPS - Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension
Scheme) :
¶moOZm 2009 ‘Ü¶o gwê$ Pmcr. gÜ¶m Xm[aÐç aofoImcrc {dYdm ‘{hcm§Zm ‘m{gH$ 300 ê$. ‘XV {Xcr OmVo. Ë¶m§Mo
d¶ 80 dfmªnwT>o Joë¶mg ‘m{gH$ 500 ê$. ‘XV {Xcr OmVo.
20 Economics Notes
 B§{Xam Jm§Yr amï´>r¶ An§Jm§gmR>rMr n|eZ ¶moOZm (IG-NDPS- Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension
Scheme) :
¶moOZm 2009 ‘Ü¶o gwê$ Pmcr. Xm[aÐç aofoImcrc18 dfmªnojm OmñV d¶ AgUmè¶m d 80% nojm An§JËd AgUmè¶m
ì¶{³V§Zm ‘m{gH$ 300 ê$. ‘XV {Xcr OmVo. 80 df©o d¶mZ§Va ‘m{gH$ 500 ê$. ‘XV {Xcr OmVo. AcrH$S>o ~Qw>H$
(Dwarfs) åhUOo ~wQ>³¶m ì¶³VtgmR>rhr hr ¶moOZm cmJy H$aÊ¶mV Amcr Amho.
 amï´>r¶ Hw$Qw>§~ cm^ ¶moOZm (NFBS - National Family Benefit Scheme) :
¶moOZm 15 Am°JñQ> 1995 cm gwê$ Pmcr. Xm[aÐç aofoImcrc Á¶m Hw$Qw>§~m§Mm 18 dfo© Vo 60 df} d¶moJQ>mVrc H$‘mdVm
ì¶³Vr XJmdcm Amho Ë¶m Hw$Qw>§~mcm EH$aH$‘r 20,000 ê$n¶m§Mo ghmæ¶ {Xco OmVo. XJmdcocr (H$‘mdUmar) ì¶³Vr
ór Agoc Var hm cm^ {Xcm OmVmo. H$‘mdUmè¶m ì¶³Vr EH$mnojm OmñV AgVrc Va àË¶oH$ Aem H$‘mdUmè¶m
ì¶³VrÀ¶m ‘¥Ë¶y‘mJo ¶moOZoMm cm^ {Xcm OmVmo.
 AÞnyUm© ¶moOZm (Annapurna Scheme) :
¶moOZm 1 E{àc 2000 nmgyZ gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. Xm[aÐçaofoImcrc Á¶m d¥Õm§Zm AÚmZ "B§{Xam Jm§Yr amï´>r¶
d¥Õm§gmR>rÀ¶m n|eZ ¶moOZoMm' cm^ {‘imcocm Zmhr Ë¶m§Zm Xa‘hm 10 {H$.J«°. AÞYmÝ¶ AÞnyUm© ¶moOZ|VJ©V ‘mo’$V
{Xco OmVo.
1) ñdmdc§~Z ¶moOZm (Swavalamban Scheme) :
 gwadmV : n|eZ gw{dY§mMm cm^ XoemVrc gd© ZmJ[aH$m§Zm XoVm ¶mdm, ¶m CÔoemZo 1 OmZodmar 2004 cm ZdrZ n|eZ
¶§ÌUocm (New Pension System) gwadmV H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. 1 ‘o 2009 nmgyZ ImgJr, ñdamoOJmarV H$‘©Mmar VgoM
Ag§K{Q>V joÌmVrc H$m‘Jmam§Zm EopÀN>H$ VÎdmda ZdrZ n|eZ ¶§ÌUoV gh^mJ KoÊ¶mg nadmZJr XoÊ¶mV Amcr. ¶m
¶§ÌUocm AmVm amï´>r¶ n|eZ ¶§ÌUm (NPS - National Pension System) Ago åhUVmV. Ag§KQ>rV joÌmgmR>r
(Unorganised sector) 2010-11 À¶m AW©g§H$ënmV NPS da AmYmarV ¶moOZoMr KmofUm H$aÊ¶mV ¶oD$Z
"ñdmdc§~Z ¶moOZm' gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 cú¶JQ> : Ag§KQ>rV joÌmVrc H$m‘Jma
 d¶ d nmÌVm : 18 Vo 60 df} d¶moJQ>mVrc Ag§KQ>rV joÌmVrc cmoH$ ¶moOZog nmÌ AgyZ 60 df} d¶mZ§Va n|eZMm cm^
KoD$ eH$VmV. ¶moOZoMm cm^ KoVmZm NPS, Swavalamban ImVo CKS>mdo cmJV Agë¶mZo AmnmoAmn BVa NPS
n|eZ ¶moOZoMm cm^ KoVm ¶oV Zmhr. ¶m ImË¶mcm PRAN (Permanent Retirement Account Number) Ago
åhUVmV.
 hám d emgZmMm dmQ>m :
¶moOZ|VJ©V dm{f©H$ {H$‘mZ 1,000 ê$. Vo H$‘mc 12,000 ê$. dm{f©H$ hám Úmdm cmJVmo. gwadmVrMr 5 df} emgZ ¶m
hßË¶mVrc 50% a³H$‘ âV hmoVr. hr a³H$‘ ‘mÌ H$‘mc 1,000 ê$. Agmdr Agm {ZH$f hmoVm. 2012-13 n¶ªV
CKS>coë¶m ImË¶m§daM hm cm^ XoÊ¶mV ¶oV Ago. na§Vw hr ‘wXV XoIrc 2016-17 n¶ªV dmT>{dÊ¶mV Amcr.
 n|eZ cm^ :
60 df} d¶mZ§Va O‘m Pmcoë¶m n|eZ {ZYrn¡H$s 60% EH$aH$‘r a³H$‘ {‘iy eH$Vo. Cd©[aV 40% a¸$‘ dm{f©H$sV
(annuity) Jw§VdyZ ‘m{gH$ n|eZMm cm^ {‘iVmo. hm cm^ ‘m{gH$ ê$. 1,000 n¶ªV XoÊ¶mMm à¶ËZ H$aÊ¶mV Amcm.
 ì¶dñWmnZ : ñdmdc§~Z ¶moOZm NPS ¶§ÌUoda AmYmarV Agë¶m‘wio n|eZ {ZYr {Z¶m‘H$ d {dH$mg àm{YH$aU
(PFRDA-Pension Fund Regulatory & Development Authority) ¶m ¶moOZoMo ì¶dñWmnZ H$aV Ago.
Economics Notes 21
2) AQ>c n|eZ ¶moOZm (APY - Atal Pension Yojana) :

 gwadmV :
9 ‘o 2015 cm H$mocH$mVm ¶oWyZ H|$Ð gaH$maZo Ag§K{Q>V joÌmgmR>r 2015-16 AW©g§H$ënmV KmofUm Ho$ë¶mà‘mUo AQ>c
n|eZ ¶moOZm gwê$ Ho$cr. 60 dfm©Z§Va Zo‘H$m H$moUVm cm^ {‘ioc ho ñdmdc§~Z ¶moOZoV ñnï> Zgë¶m‘wio Vr åhUmdr
{VVH$s ¶eñdr Pmcr Zmhr. Ë¶m‘wio dm{f©H$ AË¶ën hám d n|eZcm^mMr gwñnï>Vm AgUmar AQ>c n|eZ ¶moOZm gwê$
H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. ñdmdc§~Z ¶moOZm AQ>c n|eZ ¶moOZoV {dcrZ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr AgyZ, gd© ñdmdc§~Z ImVr AQ>c
n|eZ ¶moOZoV dJ© H$aÊ¶mV Amcr AmhoV.
 cú¶JQ> : NSSO À¶m 2011-12 ‘Yrc nmhUrZwgma 47.29 H$moQ>r amoOJmarV cmoH$g§»¶on¡H$s Ag§K{Q>V joÌmVrc
H$m‘Jmam§Mm (42 H$moQ>r) dmQ>m gw‘mao 88% hmoVm. ¶moOZoZo ¶m Ag§K{Q>V joÌmVrc H$m‘Jmam§Zm cú¶JQ> R>a{dco.
 d¶ d nmÌVm :
18 Vo 40 df} d¶moJQ>mVrc Ag§K{Q>V joÌmVrc cmoH$ ¶moOZog nmÌ AmhoV. 60 df} d¶mZ§Va noÝeZ {‘iVo. ¶mMm AW©
{H$‘mZ 20 df} d Ë¶mhÿZ OmñV df} hßVm âmdm cmJVmo.
 hßVm d emgZmMm dmQ>m :
hßË¶mMr a³H$‘ dm{f©H$ 42 ê$. Vo 1,454 ê$. AgyZ Vr cm^mÏ¶m©À¶m gwadmVrÀ¶m d¶mda d j‘Voda Adc§~yZ Amho.
gwadmVrMr 5 df} emgZ ¶m hßË¶mVrc 50% a³H$‘ (H$‘mc 1,000 ê$.) âV Amho. hm A{V[a³V cm^ KoÊ¶mgmR>r
ImVo CKS>Ê¶mMr ‘wXV 31 {S>g|~a 2015 hmoVr. Vr Z§Va 31 ‘mM© 2016 H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 n|eZ cm^ :
cm^mÏ¶m©cm 60 df} d¶mZ§Va hßË¶mda AmYmarV ‘m{gH$ 1,000 Vo 5,000 ê$. no|eZ {‘iVo. ImVoXmamMm ‘¥Ë¶y
Pmë¶mg VodT>r noÝeZ gmWrXmamcm (Spouse cm.) åhUOo nwê$f Agoc Va Ë¶mMr nËZr Am{U ‘{hcm Agoc Va {VMm
nVr) {‘iV amhVo. Xmohm|Mm ‘¥Ë¶y Pmë¶mg OodT>m noÝeZ {ZYr O‘m AgVmo (1.7 cmI ê$. Vo 8.5 cmI ê$.) Vmo
EH$aH$‘r dmagXmamcm {‘iVmo.
 ì¶dñWmnZ - PFRDA ‘m’©$V.
3) àYmZ‘§Ìr l‘¶moJr ‘mZYZ ¶moOZm (PMSYM - Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maadhan) :
 gwadmV :
5 ‘mM© 2019 cm dómc (Ah‘Xm~mX) ¶oWyZ ¶m ¶mOZoMo Am¡nMm[aH$ AZmdaU H$aÊ¶mV Amco. Ver KmofUm 1
’o$~«wdmar 2019 cm Omhra Pmcoë¶m A§V[a‘ AW©g§H$ënmV H$aÊ¶mV Amcr hmoVr. ¶mgmR>r 2019-20 ‘Ü¶o 500 H$moQ>r
ê$n¶m§Mr VaVyX H$aÊ¶mV Amcr Amho.
 cú¶JQ> :
Ag§K{Q>V joÌmVrc H$m‘Jmam§Mr cmoH$g§»¶m 2011 ‘Ü¶o 42 H$moQ>r hmoVr. Ë¶mn¡H$s 10 H$moQ>r H$m‘Jmam§n¶ªV nwT>rc 5
dfm©V PMSYM ¶moOZm nmohmoM{dÊ¶mMo cú¶ R>odÊ¶mV Amco Amho.
 d¶ d nmÌVm :
18 Vo 40 df} d¶moJQ>mVrc Ag§K{Q>V joÌmVrc cmoH$ ¶moOZog nmÌ AmhoV. na§Vw ¶moOZoV Zmd Zm|X{dVmZm Aem ì¶³VrMo
‘m{gH$ CËnÞ 15,000 ê$. qH$dm Ë¶mnojm H$‘r Agco nm{hOo. amï´>r¶ n|eZ ¶§ÌUm (NPS), ESIC, EPFO A§VJ©V
n|eZ ImVo CKS>cocm ì¶³Vr ¶m ¶mOZoMm cm^ KoD$ eH$V Zmhr. H$anmÌ ì¶³Vrhr ¶m ¶mOZoMm cm^ KoD$ eH$V Zmhr.
22 Economics Notes
1) ¶moOZogmR>Mm hám hm ì¶³VrÀ¶m d¶mda R>aVmo. d¶mÀ¶m 18 ì¶m dfu ¶moOZoV Zmd Zm|X{dë¶mg Ë¶mZo 60 ì¶m
dfm©n¶ªV 55 ê$n¶m§Mm ‘m{gH$ hßVm âm¶Mm AgVmo. emgZ VodT>çmM aH$‘oMo ¶moJXmZ XoVo. åhUOo hm hám 110
ê$. hmoD$Z OmVmo.
2) g‘Om EImÚm ì¶³VrZo d¶mÀ¶m 29 ì¶m dfu ¶moOZoV Zmd Zm|X{dco Va Ë¶mZo 60 dfm©n¶ªV 100 ê$. ‘m{gH$ hám
âm¶Mm AgVmo. emgZmÀ¶m VodT>çmM ¶moJXmZmZo hm hám 200 ê$. hmoD$Z OmVmo.
 n|eZ cm^ :
cm^mÏ¶m©cm 60 df} d¶mZ§Va ‘m{gH$ 3,000 ê$. âdemMo n|eZ {‘iÊ¶mMo AmídmgZ XoÊ¶mV Amco Amho. n|eZ
{‘iV AgVmZm Aem ì¶³VrMm ‘¥Ë¶y Pmcm, Va Ë¶mÀ¶m nËZrg (cm^mWu ‘{hcm Agoc Va nVrg) 50% n|eZ åhUOo
1,500 ê$. ‘m{gH$ n|eZ {‘iV amhrc. 60 df} d¶mAmYrM Aem ì¶³VrMm ‘¥Ë¶y Pmcm Va Ë¶mMr nËZr (qH$dm nVr)
Vo ImVo ñdV:À¶m Zmdmda H$ê$Z hám âV amhÿ eH$Vo Am{U n|eZMm cm^ KoD$ eH$Vo.
 ì¶dñWmnZ :
PMSYM ¶moOZm l‘ d amoOJma ‘§Ìmc¶m‘m’©$V am~{dcr OmVo. {VMo ì¶dñWmnZ PFRDA H$aVo. ¶moOZoMr
A§‘c~OmdUr, n|eZ {ZYr MmcZ Am{U n|eZ {dVaU ¶m O~m~Xmè¶m LIC da H$aÊ¶mV Amë¶m AmhoV. ¶mOZoMr
‘m{hVr d Zm|XUr LIC Mr H$m¶m©c¶o, ESIC d EPFO Mr H$m¶m©c¶o, l‘ H$m¶m©c¶o d gm‘m{OH$ godm H|$Ðm§‘Ü¶o
CncãY H$ê$Z XoÊ¶mV Amcr AmhoV.
4) àYmZ‘§Ìr {H$gmZ ‘mZYZ ¶moOZm (PMKMY - Pradhan Mantri Kisan Mandhan Yojana) :
 gwadmV : 12 gßQ>|~a 2019 cm am§Mr, PmaI§S> ¶oWyZ ¶m ¶moOZoMo AZmdaU H$aÊ¶mV Amco. PmaI§S> ¶oWyZ ¶m ¶moOZoMo
AZmdaU H$aÊ¶mV Amco. PmaI§S> {dYmZgôÀ¶m ZdrZ B‘maVrMo CX²KmQ>Z ¶màg§Jr H$aÊ¶mV Amco hmoVo.
 cú¶JQ> : cKw d gr‘m§V eoVH$ar. (åhUOo Ago eoVH$ar Ë¶m§À¶m§H$S>o 2 ho³Q>a qH$dm Ë¶mnojm H$‘r O‘rZ Amho.)
 d¶ d nmÌVm : 18 Vo 40 df} d¶moJQ>mVrc cKw d gr‘m§V eoVH$ar.
 hßVm : ¶moOZogmR>rMm hám da gm§{JVcoë¶m àYmZ‘§Ìr l‘¶moJr ‘mZYZ ¶moOZoà‘mUo Amho.
 noÝeZ cm^ : cm^mÏ¶m©cm 60 df} d¶mZ§Va ‘m{gH$ 3,000 ê$. âdemMo noÝeZ {‘iVo. ‘¥Ë¶ynam§V {‘iUmè¶m gdcVr
darc ¶moOZoà‘mUo AmhoV.
 ì¶dñWmnZ : PMKMY ¶moOZm H¥$fr d eoVH$ar H$ë¶mU ‘§Ìmc¶m‘m’©$V am~{dcr OmVo. ¶moOZoMr ‘m{hVr d Zm|XUr
gm‘mB©H$ godm H|$Ðm§‘Ü¶o (Common Service Centre) CncãY H$ê$Z XoÊ¶mV Amcr Amho.
5) àYmZ‘§Ìr d¶ d§XZm ¶moOZm (PMVVY - Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana) :
 gwadmV : 21 Owc¡ 2017
 cú¶JQ> : d¥Õ. (àË¶jmV ¶moOZoMm cm^mWu d¥Õ à‘wI Agcoco Hw$Qw>§~ Amho.)
 d¶ d nmÌVm : 60 df} d Ë¶mhÿZ OmñV d¶ AgUmao d¥Õ.
 hßVm, n|eZcm^ Am{U emgZmMm dmQ>m :
1) ¶m ¶moOZogmR>r EH$R>moH$ a¸$‘ R>od ñdê$nmV R>odmdr cmJVo. hr R>od 10 dfmªgmR>r R>odm¶Mr AgVo. CXmhaUmW©- 1.5
cmI ê$. EH$aH$‘r R>od R>odë¶mg 10 df} Xa ‘{hë¶mcm 1,000 ê$. n|eZ {‘iVo. 15 cmI ê$. EH$aH$‘r R>od
R>odë¶mg 10 df} Xa ‘{hÝ¶mcm 10,000 ê$. n|eZ {‘iVo.
2) EH$aH$‘r R>odrcm Purchase Price Ago åhQ>co Amho. H$maU R>od R>odyZ cm^mWu Vr ¶moOZm IaoXr H$aV AgVmo.
‘m{gH$ n|eZgmR>r {H$‘mZ Purchase Price 1.5 cmI ê$. AgyZ H$‘mc Purchase Price 15 cmI ê$.
Economics Notes 23
Amho. gwadmVrcm H$‘mc Purchase Price 7.5 cmI ê$. hmoVr. ‘o 2018 ‘Ü¶o Vr 15 cmI ê$. H$aÊ¶mV
Amcr. n|eZMm cm^ ‘m{gH$EodOr {V‘m{hcm, ghm‘mhrcm qH$dm dm{f©H$ ¿¶m¶Mm Agoc Va Verhr gw{dYm Amho.
{V‘mhr, ghm‘mhr d dm{f©H$ n|eZcm^mgmR>r ‘mÌ Purchase Price doJdoJù¶m AmhoV. {³cï>Vm Q>miÊ¶mgmR>r
AmnU ‘m{gH$ n|eZ ¶mOZoMrM MMm© H$aV AmhmoV.
3) 10 df} ‘wXV g§në¶mZ§Va eodQ>À¶m n|eZ~amo~a R>od naV {‘iVo.
4) ¶m 10 dfm©V ‘Ü¶oM cm^mWu d¥ÕmMm ‘¥Ë¶y Pmcm Va R>oda³H$‘ dmagXmamcm {Xcr OmVo.
5) ¶moOZm IaoXr Ho$ë¶mÀ¶m 3 dfmªZ§Va Purchase Price À¶m 75% H$O©hr KoVm ¶oVo.
6) ¶moOZocm GST H$amamVyZ gdcV XoÊ¶mV Amcr Amho.
7) n{hë¶m ‘wÚmV gm§{JVë¶mà‘mUo 1.5 cmI ê$n¶m§Zm 1,000 ê$. n|eZ qH$dm 15 cmI ê$n¶m§Zm 10,000 ê$.
n|eZ åhUOo R>odaH$‘oÀ¶m "dm{f©H$ 8% ì¶mO' cm^mÏ¶m©cm {Xco OmVo¶. àYmZ‘§Ìr d¶ d§XZm ¶moOZoZo {H$‘mZ
dm{f©H$ 8% ì¶mO XoÊ¶mMo AmídmgZ {Xco Amho.
8) n{hë¶m ‘wÚmV gm§{JVë¶mà‘mUo 1.5 cmI ê$n¶m§Zm 1,000 ê$. n|eZ qH$dm 15 cmI ê$n¶m§Zm 10,000 ê$.
n|eZ åhUOo R>odaH$‘oÀ¶m "dm{f©H$ 8% ì¶mO' cm^mÏ¶m©cm {Xco OmVo¶. àYmZ‘§Ìr d¶ d§XZm ¶moOZoZo {H$‘mZ
dm{f©H$ 8% ì¶mO XoÊ¶mMo AmídmgZ {Xco Amho.
9) ¶moOZm ‘wXVnyd© ~§X H$am¶Mr Agë¶mg Purchase Price À¶m 98% a³H$‘ naV {‘iVo.
 {d‘m ¶moOZm :
1) OZlr {d‘m ¶moOZm (JBY - Janashree Bima Yojana)
 gwadmV : 10 Am°JñQ> 2000 cm J«m‘rU VgoM ehar ^mJmVrc Xm[aÐç aofoImcrc d Agwa{jV JQ>mVrc ì¶³VtZm
{då¶mMm cm^ XoÊ¶mgmR>r hr ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 cú¶JQ> : 45 àH$maÀ¶m {ZX}{eV ì¶mdgm{¶H$ JQ>mVrc (CXm. drUH$m‘Jma, {dS>r H$m‘Jma BË¶mXr) ì¶³Vr.
 d¶ d nmÌVm : 18 Vo 59 df} d¶moJQ>mVrc darc cú¶JQ>mVrc ì¶³Vr.
¶moOZoMm cm^ KoÊ¶mgmR>r ê$.200 dm{f©H$ hám Ago. hm g§nyU© hám emgZ âV Ago. åhUOo 50% H|$Ð gaH$maH$Sy>Z,
Va 50% amÁ¶emgZmH$Sy>Z.
 {d‘m cm^ :
cm^mÏ¶m©cm Z¡g{J©H$ ‘¥Ë¶y Amë¶mg 30,000 ê$ d AnKmVr ‘¥Ë¶y Amë¶mg 75,000 ê$. dmagXmamcm {‘iV Ago.
AnKmVmV nyU© An§JËd Amë¶mg 75,000 ê$. qH$dm Am§{eH$ An§JËd Amë¶mg 37,500 ê$n¶m§Mo AW©ghmæ¶ {‘iV
Ago.
 ì¶dñWmnZ : OrdZ {d‘m {ZJ‘ (LIC) ‘m’©$V.
2) Am‘ AmX‘r {d‘m ¶moOZm (AABY - Aam Aadami Bima Yojana)
 gwadmV : 2 Am°³Q>mo~a 2007 cm J«m‘rU ^y{‘hrZm§Zm {d‘m gwajm nwa{dÊ¶mgmR>r Am‘ AmX‘r {d‘m ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV
Amcr. OZlr {d‘m ¶moOZm VgoM ¶moOZoMo cm^mWu Am‘ AmX‘r {d‘m ¶moOZoV dJ© H$aÊ¶mV Amco AmhoV.
 cú¶JQ> : J«m‘rU ^y{‘hrZ d OZlr {d‘m ¶moOZoMo cm^mWu åhUOo {ZX}{eV ì¶mdgm{¶H$ JQ>mVrc ì¶³Vr.
 d¶ d nmÌVm : 18 Vo 59 df©o d¶moJQ>mVrc darc cú¶JQ>mVrc ì¶³Vr.
 hám d emgZmMm dmQ>m : dm{f©H$ hám ê$. 200. 50% hám H|$Ð gaH$maH$Sy>Z d 50% hám amÁ¶emgZmH$Sy>Z.
24 Economics Notes
 {d‘m cm^ : cm^mÏ¶m©cm Z¡g{J©H$ ‘¥Ë¶y Amë¶mg 30,000 ê$. d AnKmVr ‘¥Ë¶y Amë¶mg 75,000 ê$. dmagXmamcm
{‘iVmV. AnKmVmV nyU© An§JËd Amë¶mg 75,000 ê$. qH$dm Am§{eH$ An§JËd Amë¶mg 37,500 ê$n¶m§Mo
AW©ghmæ¶ {Xco OmVo.
 ì¶dñWmnZ : LIC ‘m’©$V.
 ¶moOZ|VJ©V {d‘m g§a{jV ì¶³VrÀ¶m 9dr Vo 12 dr {ejU KoUmè¶m H$‘mc 2 ‘wcm§Zm Xa‘hm 100 ê$. {eî¶d¥Îmrhr
{Xcr OmVo.
3) àYmZ‘§Ìr OrdZÁ¶moVr {d‘m ¶moOZm (PMJJBY - Pradhan Mantri Jyoti Bima Yojana)
 gwadmV : XoemVrc Ho$di 20% cmoH$m§n¶ªVM OrdZ {d‘m nmohmoMcm hmoVm. ho à‘mU dmT>{dÊ¶mÀ¶m CÔoemZo 9 ‘o 2015
cm H$mocH$mVm ¶oWyZ àYmZ‘§Ìr OrdZ Á¶moVr {d‘m ¶moOZoMm àma§^ H$aÊ¶mV Amcm.
 cú¶JQ> : OrdZ {d‘m Z Zm|X{dcoco gd© ZmJarH$.
 d¶ d nmÌVm> : cm^mÏ¶m©Mo d¶ 18 Vo 50 df© Agco nm{hOo. ¶moOZoMm cm^ ¿¶m¶Mm Agë¶mg ~±H$ ImVo Amdí¶H$
Amho.
 hám : ¶moOZogmR>r dm{f©H$ 330 ê$. (+ H$a) hám AgyZ Vmo Xadfu cm^mÏ¶m©À¶m ~±H$ImË¶mVyZ AmnmoAmn dJ© hmoVmo.
hßË¶mgmR>r Am{W©H$ df© 1 OyZ Vo 31 ‘o Ago AgVo.
 {d‘m cm^ : ¶m cm^mÏ¶m©Mm H$moUË¶mhr àH$mao (Z¡g{J©H$ qH$dm AnKmVr) ‘¥Ë¶y Pmë¶mg dmagXmamcm 2 cmI ê$.
AW©ghmæ¶ {‘iVo.
 ì¶dñWmnZ : ¶moOZoMm cm^ KoÊ¶mgmR>r cm^mWu LIC qH$dm H$moUË¶mhr {d‘m H§$nZrV ImVo CKSy> eH$Vmo.
4) àYmZ‘§Ìr gwajm {d‘m ¶moOZm (PMSBY - Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana)
 gwadmV : BVa 2 ¶moOZm§à‘mUo hr ¶moOZmhr 9 ‘o 2015 cm H$mocH$mVm ¶oWyZ gwê$ Pmcr. XoemVrc Ho$di 4% cmoH$m§Zr
AnKmVr {d‘m CVa{dcm hmoVm. ho à‘mU dmT>mdo hm ¶m ¶moOZoMm CÔoe Amho.
 cú¶JQ> : AnKmV {d‘m Z Zm|X{dcoco gd© ZmJ[aH$.
 d¶ d nmÌVm> : 18 Vo 70 df© d¶moJQ>mVrc gd© ì¶³Vr ¶m ¶moOZoMm cm^ KoD$ eH$VmV. cm^mÏ¶m©Mo ~±Ho$V ImVo AgUo
Oê$arMo Amho.
 hám : ¶moOZogmR>r dm{f©H$ 12 ê$. hám (+ H$a) AgyZ Vmo Xadfu cm^mÏ¶m©À¶m ~±H$ ImË¶mVyZ AmnmoAmn dJ© hmoVmo.
hßË¶mgmR>rMo Am{W©H$ df© 1 OyZ Vo 31 ‘o Ago AgVo.
 {d‘m cm^ : cm^mÏ¶m©cm AnKmVm‘wio nyU© An§JËd Amë¶mg 2 cmI ê$. d Am§{eH$ An§JËd Amë¶mg 1 cmI ê$.
AW©ghmæ¶ {Xco OmVo. Z¡g{J©H$ ‘¥Ë¶y Pmë¶mg ¶m ¶moOZoÝd¶o Hw$R>cmhr Am{W©H$ cm^ {‘iV Zmhr.
 ì¶dñWmnZ : LIC qH$dm H$moUVrhr {d‘m H§$nZr.
¶moOZm§Mr H$m‘{Jar : 1 ’o$~«wdmar 2021 n¶ªV AQ>c n|eZ ¶moOZm, àYmZ‘§Ìr OrdZÁ¶moVr {d‘m ¶moOZm Am{U àYmZ‘§Ìr
gwajm {d‘m ¶moOZoÀ¶m ImVoXmam§Mr g§»¶m AZwH«$‘o 2.85 H$moQ>r, 9.88 H$moQ>r d 22.26 H$moQ>r Pmcr hmoVr.
 nmofU 2.0 (POSHAN - PM's Overarching Scheme for Holistic Nourishment Abhiyan 2.0) :
 gwê$dmV : 8 ‘mM© 2018 (OmJ{VH$ ‘{hcm {XZmMo Am¡{MË¶). PwZPwZ, amOñWmZ ¶oWyZ, Xþgam Q>ßnm 2021-22 nmgyZ.
 nmofU A{^¶mZmMm CÔoe :
- ~mcH$, JamoXa d ñVZXm ‘mVm§À¶m nmofUmV dmT> H$aUo, OrdZgÎd A Am{U cmohmMr H$‘VaVm Xÿa H$aUo. ¶mgmR>r,
Economics Notes 25
- 6 ‘{hZo Vo 6 df} d¶moJQ>mVrc ~mcH$m§Zm (df©âmV {H$‘mZ 300 {Xdg) 500 H°$car Am{U 12 Vo 15 J«°‘ à{WZo XoB©c
BVH$m Amhma amoO {Xcm OmVmo. A{VHw$nmo{fV ~mcH$m§Zm 800 H$°car Am{U 20 Vo 25 J«°‘ à{WZo XoB©c BVH$m Amhma
amoO {Xcm OmVmo.
 amï´>r¶ ‘Ü¶mÝh Amhma ¶moOZm (NPMMS - National Program for Mid-day Meal Scheme) :
 gd©àW‘ 1925 ‘Ü¶o ‘Ðmg ‘hmnm{cHo$Zo emim§‘Yrc ‘mJmg ‘wcm§gmR>r ‘Ü¶mÝh Amhma H$m¶©H«$‘ gwé Ho$cm. 1980 À¶m
XeH$mn¶ªV V{‘iZmSy>, JwOamV Am{U Ho$ai ¶m amÁ¶m§‘Ü¶o d nm±{S>MoarV ‘Ü¶mÝh Amhma ¶moOZm H$m¶©H«$‘ gwê$ Pmcm.
1990-91 n¶ªV ¶m amÁ¶m§Mr g§»¶m 12 n¶ªV nmohmoMcr.
 emioVrc nQ>Zm|XUr dmT>dÊ¶mgmR>r, hOoar dmT>Ê¶mgmR>r, {dÚmÏ¶mªZm emhoV amoIyZ R>odÊ¶mgmR>r d ¶mgmo~VM {dÚmÏ¶mªÀ¶m
nmofUñVamV dmT> H$aÊ¶mgmR>r 15 Am°JñQ> 1995 cm ‘Ü¶mÝh Amhma ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 gßQ>|~a 2004 ‘Ü¶o nmofU AmhmamMm {ZH$f à{V{dÚmWu à{V{XZ 300 H°$car d 8 Vo 12 J«°‘ à{WZo Agm H$aÊ¶mV Amcm.
 gÜ¶m àmW{‘H$ emioVrc {dÚmÏ¶mªcm 450 H°$car d 20 J«°‘ à{WZo XoB©Z BVH$m Amhma amoO {Xcm OmVmo. 2009 nmgyZ
CƒàmW{‘H$ emioVrc {dÚmÏ¶mªgmR>r S>mir 25 Vo 30 J«°‘, ^mOrnmcm 65 Vo 75 J«°‘ d Voc 7.5 J«°‘ à{V{XZ Agm {ZH$f
dmT>{dÊ¶mV Amcm.
 A§Ë¶moX¶ AÞ ¶moOZm (AAY - Antyodaya Anna Yojana) :
 25 {S>g|~a 2000 cm J[a~m§‘Yrc Jar~ Hw$Qw>§~mZm (poorest of poor) AÞgwajm nwadÊ¶mgmR>r A§Ë¶moX¶ AÞ ¶moOZm gwê$
H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. ¶m ¶moOZoMr Imcrc C{Ôï>o hmoVr.
- gdmªZm AÞgwajm nwa{dUo
- nwT>rc 5 dfm©V ^maV ^yH$‘wº$ (hunger free India) H$aUo.
- J[a~m§‘Yrc Jar~ Hw$Qw>§~mZm nwaogo AÞ {‘ioc, ¶mgmR>r gmd©O{ZH$ {dVaU ì¶dñWoV gwYmaUm Ho$cr.
 amï´>r¶ AÞgwajm H$m¶Xm 2013 (National Food Security Act) :
 10 gßQ>~ | a 2013 cm amï´>r¶ AÞgwajm H$m¶Xm 2013 (National Food Security Act) g§‘V H$aÊ¶mV Amcm. 5 Owc¡o
2013 nmgyZ (restrospective) hm H$m¶Xm cmJy H$aÊ¶mV Amcm.
- 6 Vo 72 ‘{hÝ¶m§À¶m ~mcH$m§Zm A§JUdmS>rV ‘mo’$V nyaH$ nmofU Amhma
- JamoXa d ñVZXm ‘mVm§Zm A§JUdmS>rV nyaH$ nmofU Amhma
- 6 df} Vo 14 df} d¶mooJQ>mVrc {dÚmÏ¶mªZm emioV nyaH$ nmofU Amhma.
- B§{Xam Jm§Yr ‘mV¥Ëd gh¶moJ ¶moOZ|VJ©V JamoXa d ñVZXm ‘mVm§Zm Amamo½¶ d nmofUmgmR>r AZwXmZ {Xco OmVo.
 dZ ZoeZ dZ aoeZ H$mS>© (ONORC - One Nation One Ration Card) :
 1 OmZodmar 2020 cm aoeZH$mS>©{dZm XoemVrc H$moUË¶mhr aoeZ XþH$mZmVyZ aoeZ CMcÊ¶mMr gw{dYm CncãY H$ê$Z XoUmar
"dZ ZoeZ dZ aoeZ H$mS>©' ¶moOZm cmJy H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. AÞgwajoMr nmoQ>©{~{cQ>r CncãY H$ê$Z XoUmar hr ¶moOZm
AÞgwajoVrc EH$ ‘hÎdmMo nmD$c R>aUma Amho.
 àYmZ‘§Ìr Jar~ H$ë¶mU AÞ ¶moOm (PMGKAY - Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana) :
 H$mo{dS>-19 cm°H$S>mD$Z‘wio CX²^dcoë¶m ‘§XrV H|$Ð gaH$maZo AmË‘{Z^©a ^maV (^mJ-1) AÝd¶o {d{dY n°Ho$Oog Omhra
Ho$cr. 26 ‘mM© 2020 cm 1.70 cmI H$moQ>r én¶m§Mo àYmZ‘§Ìr Jar~ H$ë¶mU ¶moOZm n°Ho$O Omhra H$aÊ¶mV Amco. ¶m
n°Ho$O‘Yrc EH$ ¶moOZm åhUOo àYmZ‘§Ìr Jar~ H$ë¶mU AÞ ¶moOZm.
26 Economics Notes
 ¶m ¶moOZoÝd¶o H$mo{dS> cm°H$S>mD$Z H$mimV, E{àc 2020 Vo Zmoìh|~a 2020, A§Ë¶moX¶ AÞ ¶moOZoMo cm^mWu Hw$Qw>§~ Am{U
AJ«H«$‘ Hw$Qw>§~mZm Oo aoeZ {‘iVo Ë¶mV dmT> H$ê$Z XoÊ¶mV Amcr. ¶m cm^mWu Hw$Qw>§~mZm Oo AÞYmÝ¶ {‘iV hmoVo Ë¶mV 5
{H$.J«°. Jhÿ qH$dm Vm§Xÿi à{Vì¶º$s à{V‘mh Am{U 1 {H$.J«°. MZmS>mi à{VHw$Qw>§~ à{V‘mh OmñVrZo XoÊ¶mV Amco. ho OmñVrMo
AÞYmÝ¶ ‘mo’$V XoÊ¶mV Amco.
 ñdÀN> ^maV {‘eZ (SBM - Swachh Bharat Mission) :
 2 Am°³Q>mo~a 2014 nmgyZ ñdÀN> ^maV {‘eZ gwê$ Pmco.
 ¶m ¶moOZoMo ‘yi Amnë¶mcm 1986 ‘Ü¶o gwê$ Pmcoë¶m H|$Ðr¶ J«m‘rU ñdÀN>Vm H$m¶©H«$‘mV gmnS>Vo.
 2 Am°³Q>mo~a 2014 cm n§VàYmZ lr. Za|Ð ‘moXr ¶m§À¶m hñVo ñdÀN> ^maV {‘eZ gwé H$aÊ¶mV Amco. {deof åhUOo ñdÀN>
^maV {‘eZ J«m‘rU d ehar Aem XmoÝhr ^mJm§V am~{dco OmVo Amho. ñdÀN> ^maV {‘eZ (J«m‘rU) ho Oc eº$s
‘§Ìmc¶mV’}$ d ñdÀN> ^maV {‘eZ (ehar) ho J¥h d ehar H$m¶© ‘§Ìmc¶mV’}$ am~{dco OmV Amho.
 ñdÀN> ^maV {‘eZZo "2019 n¶ªV ñdÀN> ^maV' gmÜ¶ H$aÊ¶mMo C{Ôï> R>odco. ¶mgmR>r ñdÀN>VoÀ¶m nmVirV gwYmaUm H$aUo
d Jmdo hmJUXmar‘wº$ H$aUo ho gmYmaU C{Ôï> R>odco. ¶mgmR>r d¡¶{º$H$ em¡Mmc¶o, gmd©O{ZH$ ñdÀN>VmJ¥ho, gm‘wXm{¶H$
ñdÀN>VmJ¥ho, emim d A§JUdmS>çm§‘Ü¶o em¡Mmc¶o, KZ d Ðd H$Mam ì¶dñWmnZ ¶§ÌUm C^mê$Z H$m¶©H«$‘mÀ¶m àdmdr
A§‘c~OmdUrda â XoÊ¶mV ¶oV Amho.
 àYmZ‘§Ìr C‚dcm ¶moOZm (PMUY - Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana) :
 gwadmV - 1 ‘o 2016 nmgyZ ~{c¶m (CÎma àXoe) ¶oWyZ àYmZ‘§Ìr C‚dcm ¶moOZm (PMUY) gwê$ Pmcr.
 ^maVmVrc 24 H$moQ>r Hw$Qw>§~m§n¡H$s gmYmaUV: 10 H$moQ>r Hw$Qw>§~ LPG nmgyZ d§{MV hmoVo. àYmZ‘§Ìr C‚dcm ¶moOZm Xm[aÐ¶
aofoImcrc Hw$Qw>§~m§Zm ‘mo’$V LPG OmoS>Ur nwa{dÊ¶mÀ¶m CÔoemZo gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. ¶m ¶moOZoMo ‘yi amOrd Jm§Yr J«m‘rU
EcnrOr {dVaU ¶moOZoV gmnS>Vo.
 nhc (Pahal of DBTL - Direct Benefit Transfer of LPG Subsidy) :
 1 OyZ 2013 cm nhc hr ¶moOZm 291 {Oëøm§‘Ü¶o gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. gwYm[aV ¶moOZm 15 Zmoìh|~a 2014 nmgyZ
{Oëøm§‘Ü¶o gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. 1 OmZodmar 2015 cm Vr g§nyU© XoemV cmJy H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 nhc ¶moOZ|VJ©V Hw$Qw>§~mcm gdcV Zgcoë¶m XamZo qg{cS>a {‘iV Amho d g~{gS>r Ë¶mÀ¶m ~±H$ ImË¶mV dJ© Ho$cr OmV
Amho. g~{gS>r H«$‘m§H$hr Amdí¶H$ ~m~ hmoVr. gwYm[aV ¶moOZoV XmoÝhr n¶m©¶ (AmYma H«$‘m§H$mZo OmoS>coco ~±H$ ImVo qH$dm
H$moUVohr ~±H$ ImVo) Iwco R>odÊ¶mV Amco AmhoV.
 nhc ¶moOZoMr Jr{ZO ~wH$mV Zm|X H$aÊ¶mV Amcr Amho. 30 OyZ 2015 Mr AmH$S>odmar nmhVm gw‘mao 12.57 H$moQ>r
Hw$Qw>§~mZm WoQ> cm^ hñVm§VaU H$aÊ¶mMm {díd{dH«$‘ ¶m ¶moOZoZo Zm|X{dcm Amho.
 XrZX¶mc CnmÜ¶m¶ J«m‘Á¶moVr ¶moOZm (DDU-GJY : Deendayal Upadhyay Gram Jyoti Yojana) :
 25 Owc¡ 2015 cm J«m‘rU {dÚwVrH$aUmgmR>r gwê$ Pmcoë¶m DDU-GJY ¶moOZoMo ‘yi amOrd Jm§Yr J«m‘rU {dÚwVrH$aU
¶moOZoV gmnS>co.
 100% J«m‘rU {dÚwVrH$aUmMo d 24x7 drOnwadR>çmMo cú¶ R>odyZ 25 Owc¡ 2015 cm nmQ>Um ¶oWyZ DDU-GJY ¶moOZoMo
AZmdaU H$aÊ¶mV Amco.
- gd© IoS>çm§n¡H$s drOOmoS>Ur nwa{dUo.
Economics Notes 27
- KaJwVr dmnamgmR>r d H¥$fr joÌmgmR>r doJdoJio {’$S>a {Z‘m©U H$aUo, OoUoH$ê$Z Kam§Zm "{Z¶{‘V' d eoVH$è¶m§Zm "nwaogm'
drOnwadR>m hmoB©c.
- drOnwadR>çm§Mr JwUdÎmm d AmídmgZnyV©Vm dmT>Ê¶mgmR>r {dOoMo àgmaU d {dVaU Omù¶mV gwYma H$aUo.
- ZwH$gmZ H$‘r H$aÊ¶mgmR>r {dOoMo ‘mnZ H$aUo, ¶mgmR>r gd©Ì ‘rQ>a ~g{dUo.
 gm¡^m½¶ ¶moOZm (Saubhagya Scheme) qH$dm àYmZ‘§Ìr ghO {~Ocr ha Ka ¶moOZm (PMSBHGY - Pradhan
Mantri Sahaj Bijali Har Ghar Yojana) :
 gwadmV - 25 gßQ>|~a 2017.
 ‘w»¶ CÔoe - drOOmoS>Ur Zgcoë¶m J«m‘rU ^mJmVrc gd© (APL d BPL) Hw$Qw>§~m§À¶m d ehar ^mJmVrc Jar~ (BPL)
Hw$Qw>§~m§À¶m Kam§Zm ‘mo’$V drOOmoS>Ur nwa{dÊ¶mÀ¶m CÔoemZo gm¡^m½¶ ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 ¶moOZoMo ñdê$n - drOOmoS>Ur Zgcoë¶m {ZdS>coë¶m Hw$Qw>§~m§À¶m Kamcm ‘mo’$V drO H$Zo³eZ nwa{dco OmVo.
 gm§gX AmXe© J«m‘ ¶moOZm (SAGY - Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana) :
 11 Am°³Q>mo~a 2014 cm O¶àH$me Zmam¶U ¶m§À¶m O¶§Vr{Z{‘Îm "gm§gX AmXe© J«m‘ ¶moOZm' gwé H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
cmoH$g^m VgoM amÁ¶gôÀ¶m àË¶oH$ ImgXmamZo EH$ IoS>o XÎmH$ KoD$Z Ë¶mMm {dH$mg H$am¶Mm Amho. ¶màH$mao 2016 n¶ªV
1, 2019 n¶ªV AmUIr 2 åhUOo àË¶oH$ ImgXmamZo 3 IoS>çm§Zm AmXe© IoS>r ~Z{dë¶mg XoemVrc 5 cmI IoS>çm§n¡H$s
2,500 IoS>çm§Mm AmXe© {dH$mg hmoUma hmoVm.
 IoS>o {ZdS>VmZm 3,000 Vo 5,000 cmoH$g§»¶m Agcoco d S>m|Jami àXoemV 1,000 Vo 3,000 cmoH$g§»¶m Agcoco
{ZdS>mdo cmJVo. ImgXmamcm Ë¶mMo qH$dm Ë¶mÀ¶m gmgadmS>rMo Zmd {ZdS>Vm ¶oV Zmhr.
- Jmdm§Mm n{dÌdmXr/gH$c {dH$mg (Holistic Development) hmoÊ¶mgmR>r cmJUmè¶m gd© à{H«$¶m§Zm J{V‘mZ H$aUo.
¶mV d¡¶{º$H$ {dH$mg, ‘mZdr {dH$mg, gm‘m{OH$ {dH$mg Am{U Am{W©H$ {dH$mg Agm Mmahr Am¶m‘m§‘Yrc ~hþ{dH$mg
Ñ{ï>H$moZ Ano{jV Amho.
- ‘yc^yV gw{dYm, A{YH$ CËnmXH$Vm, d{Y©V ‘mZd {dH$mg, Mm§Jë¶m amhUr‘mZmÀ¶m gw{dYm, Ag‘mZVoMm A^md, h¸$
Am{U A{YH$mam§Mr nyV©Vm, gm‘m{OH$ g§KQ>Z, g‘¥Õ gm‘m{OH$ ^m§S>dc Aem haVèhoZo cmoH$g§»¶oÀ¶m amhUr‘mZmV
gwYmaUm H$aUo d Am¶w‘m©ZmV JwUmË‘H$ gwYmaUm H$aUo.
 í¶m‘màgmX ‘wIOu ê$~©Z {‘eZ (SPMRM - Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission) qH$dm amï´>r¶ é~©Z
[‘eZ (NRuM - National Rurban Mission) :
 gwadmV - 21 ’o$~«wdmar 2016. 16 gßQ>|~a 2015 cm H|$Ðr¶ ‘§{Ì‘§S>imZo í¶m‘màgmX ‘wIOu é~©Z {‘eZcm ‘§Owar {Xcr
d ¶moOZm 21 ’o$~«wdmar 2016 cm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 ñWm{ZH$ Am{W©H$ {dH$mgmg MmcZm XoD$Z J«m‘rU ^mJmV ‘yc^yV gw{dYm nwa{dUo Am{U gw{Z¶mo{OV ê$~©Z J«m‘rU g‘yh
{Z‘m©U H$aUo.
 {‘eZ A§Ë¶moX¶ (Mission Antyodaya) :
 gwadmV - 9 Am°JñQ> 2017 cm n§VàYmZ lr. Za|Ð ‘moXr ¶m§Zr 2022 n¶ªV Xm[aX²¶ {Z‘©ycZ H$aÊ¶mgmR>r n[adV©Zerc
H$m¶©H«$‘mMr AmIUr H$aÊ¶mMo gyVmodmM Ho$co. ¶mgmR>r 10 Am°³Q>mo~a 2017 cm {‘eZ A§Ë¶moX¶Mm AmamIS>m g§‘V
H$aÊ¶mV ¶oD$Z {‘eZ gwê$ H$aÊ¶mV Amco.
 A§{V‘ Ü¶o¶ - Xm[aX²Œ¶‘wº$ ^maV 2022 (Poverty Quit India by 2022)
28 Economics Notes
 A‘¥V ¶moOZm (AMRUT - Atal Mission for Rejuvenation & Urban Transformation) :
 gwê$dmV - "ehar' ‘yc^yV gw{dYm d nm¶m^yV gw{dYm§Mm {dH$mg H$aÊ¶mÀ¶m CÔoemZo 25 OyZ 2015 cm A‘¥V ¶moOZm gwê$
H$aÊ¶mV Amcr.
 ¶moZOoMm CÔoe :
- àË¶oH$ ehar Hw$Qw>§~mn¶ªV ñdÀN> no¶Oc d gm§S>nmUr gw{dYm CncãY H$aUo.
- CÚmZo, cmJdS>gmaIo n¶m©¶ dmnê$Z ehamVrc {hadi dmT>{dUo.
- gmd©O{ZH$ dmhVyH$, gm¶H$c Mmc{dUo, MmcUo ¶m ~m~tZm àmoËgmhZ XoD$Z AWdm Vgo nmofH$ dmVmdaU {Z‘m©U H$ê$Z
àXÿfU H$‘r H$aUo.
 ¶moOZoMo KQ>H$ - ¶moOZoMo 8 KQ>H$ AmhoV.
- nmUrnwadR>m, gm§S>nmUr gw{dYm, ‘c ì¶dñWmnZ, nmUr {ZMam, ehar dmhVyH$, harV CÚmZo, gwYmaUm ì¶dñWmnZ d
ghmæ¶ Am{U j‘Vm ~m§YUr. ¶m KQ>H$m§Mr ‘m{hVr V³Ë¶mV {Xcr Amho.
 H$m¶©joÌ : A‘¥V ¶moOZm 500 eham§‘Ü¶o am~{dcr OmVo. ¶m eham§Mr Imcrcà‘mUo dJ©dmar Ho$cr OmVo.
- EH$ cmImnojm OmñV cmoH$g§»¶oMr ehao
- amÁ¶m§À¶m amOYmÝ¶mMr ehao
- gm§ñH¥${VH$ ehao
- ‘w»¶ ZÚm§À¶m H$mR>mdarc 75,000 Vo 1 cmI cmoH$g§»¶m Agcocr 13 ehao.
- XþJ©‘ amÁ¶o, ~oQ>o d n¶©Q>ZjoÌ AgUmè¶m 10 amÁ¶m§‘YyZ (EH$m amÁ¶mVyZ H$‘mc 1 ¶m VÎdmZo) {ZdS>cocr 10 ehao.
 ñ‘mQ>© {gQ>r {‘eZ (Smart City Mission) :
 gwadmV - "ehar' ‘yc^yV gw{dYm Am{U nm¶m^yV gw{dYm§Mm {dH$mg H$aÊ¶mÀ¶m CÔoemZo "A‘¥V' gmo~VM 25 OyZ 2015
cm "ñ‘mQ>© {gQ>r {‘eZ' gwé H$aÊ¶mV Amco. eha {dH$mg {Z¶moOZmMo 4 AmYmañV§^ AgVmV - g§ñWmË‘H$, ^m¡{VH$,
gm‘m{OH$ Am{U Am{W©H$ nm¶m^yV gw{dYm§Mm {dH$mg. ¶m AmYmañV§^m§Zm smartness Mr OmoS> XoD$Z ñ‘mQ>© {gQ>r {‘eZ gwê$
H$aÊ¶mV Amco Amho.
 ¶moOZoMo KQ>H$ - ¶moOZoMo 10 KQ>H$ AmhoV. gmo~V ¶m KQ>H$m§Mr ¶mXr {Xcr Ahmo. ¶moOZoMo 4 gm‘[aH$ KQ>H$ (Strategic
Components) R>a{dÊ¶mV Amco AmhoV.
- eha gwYmaUm (City improvement - retrofitting) :
- eha ZwVZrH$aU (City renewal - redevelopment) :
- eha {dñVma (City extension - greenfield development) :
 {dÎmr¶ g‘mdoeZ (Financial Inclusion) :
1) a§JamOZ g{‘Vr :
 2008 ‘Ü¶o H|$Ð emgZmZo Jar~ d Xþ~©c JQ>mVrc ì¶º$s¨Zm Am{W©H$ godm nwadyZ Ë¶m§Mo {dÎmr¶ g‘mdoeZ H$aÊ¶mgmR>r {dÎmr¶
g‘mdoeZ g{‘Vr (Committee on Financial Inclusion) ñWmnZ Ho$cr. ¶m g{‘VrMo AÜ¶j S>m°.gr. a§JamOZ hmoVo.
Economics Notes 29
2) Z{MHo$V ‘moa g{‘Vr :
 gßQ>~| a 2013 ‘Ü¶o [aPìh© ~±Ho$Mo lr. Z{MHo$V ‘moa ¶m§À¶m AÜ¶jVoImcr {dÎmr¶ g‘mdoeZmÀ¶m CÔoemZo EH$ g{‘Vr ñWmnZ
H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. ¶m g{‘VrMo Zmd "cKwì¶dgm¶ d H$‘r CËnÞ Hw$Qw>§~m§gmR>r EH$mpË‘H$ {dÎmr¶ godm g{‘Vr' (Committee
on Comprehensive Financial Services for Small Business & Low Income Households) Ago hmoVo.
OmZodmar 2014 ‘Ü¶o [aPìh© ~±Ho$Zo ¶m g{‘VrMm Ahdmc àH$m{eV Ho$cm.
3) XrnH$ ‘moh§Vr g{‘Vr :
 Owc¡ 2015 ‘Ü¶o [aPìh© ~±Ho$Mo ì¶dñWmnH$s¶ g§MmcH$ XrnH$ ‘moh§Vr ¶m§À¶m AÜ¶jVoImcr {dÎmr¶ g‘mdoeZmMm
nwT>Mm Q>ßnm H$gm Agcm nm{hOo, ¶mgmR>r EH$ g{‘Vr ñWmnZ H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. ¶m g{‘VrMo Zmd "{dÎmr¶ g‘mdoeZ
‘Ü¶mdYr nW g{‘Vr' (Committee on Medium term Path on Financial Inclusion) Ago hmoVo. 28 {S>g|~a
2015 cm [aPìh© ~±Ho$Zo ¶m g{‘VrMm Ahdmc àH$m{eV Ho$cm.
 àYmZ‘§Ìr OZ-YZ ¶moOZm (Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana)
 gwê$dmV - {dÎmr¶ g‘mdoeZmgmR>r gwê$ Pmcocr gdm©V ‘hÎdmMr ¶moOZm åhUOo àYmZ‘§Ìr OZ-YZ ¶moOZm. 15 Am°JñQ>cm
àYmZ‘§Í¶m§Zr Aer ¶moOZm gwê$ H$aÊ¶mMo g§Ho$V {Xco hmoVo. 28 Am°JñQ> 2014 cm {VMm Am¡nMm[aH$ àma§^ H$aÊ¶mV Amcm.
 OZYZ ¶moOZoMo 3 Q>ßno (Phases)
OZYZ ¶moOZoMo gwadmVrcm 2 Q>ßno R>adÊ¶mV Amco ¶m 2 Q>ßß¶m§Ûmao àË¶oH$s 3 Ago 6 AmYmañV§^ {ZdSy>Z ¶m 6 {df¶m§‘Ü¶o
ì¶mnH$ {dÎmr¶ g‘mdoeZ H$aÊ¶mMo R>a{dÊ¶mV Amco.
 AmYmañV§^ (1) d¡pídH$ ~±qH$J nmohmoM (Universal access to banking facilities)
n{hë¶m Q>ßß¶mV OmñVrV OmñV cmoH$m§Zm ~±H$ ImVr CKS>Ê¶mg àmoËgm{hV H$aÊ¶mV Amco.
 AmYmañV§^ (2) ~±H$ ImVo (Basic Banking Account)
OZYZ ImVr CKS>ë¶m‘wio OmñVrV OmñV cmoH$m§Zm ~MV ImVr CncãY Pmcr. hr ImVr Pramo ~°cÝgda CKS>Vm ¶oVmV.
¶m ImË¶mda Imcrc A{V[aº$ gw{dYm XoÊ¶mV ¶oVmV.
1) ê$no H$mS>© - ImVoXmamcm ê$no AmYm[aV S>o{~Q> H$mS>© {Xco OmVo. ¶m H$mS>m©Mr dm{f©H$ ’$s Zm‘‘mÌ AgVo. eoVH$è¶m§Zm
{H$gmZ H«o${S>Q> H$mS>© ¶moOZmAmYm[aV ê$no {H$gmZ H$mS>© {Xco OmVo.
2) A{YH$f© gdcV (overdraft facility) - ImVo CKS>ë¶mZ§Va 6 ‘{hÝ¶mZ§Va ImVoXmamcm 10,000 ê$n¶mn¶ªVMo
A{Ydf© H$O© {‘iy eH$Vo.
3) AnKmVr {d‘m : darc ê$no H$mS>m©da 2 cmI ê$n¶m§Mm AnKmVr {d‘m ‘mo’$V CVa{dcm OmVmo. gwadmVrcm hm AnKmVr
{d‘m 1 cmI ê$n¶m§Mm hmoVm. {Vgè¶m Q>ßß¶mV Vmo 2 cmI ê$. H$aÊ¶mV Amcm Amho.
 AmYmañV§^ (3) {dÎmr¶ gmjaVm H$m¶©H«$‘ (Financial Literacy Program) :
cmoH$m§Zm AW©gmja H$aUo, ~±H$ ì¶dhma {eH${dUo, {S>{OQ>c ‘mo~mB©c godm hmVmiUo, ‘mo~mB©c ~±qH$JMm dmna H$aUo d
Ë¶m~m~V cmoH$m§‘Ü¶o OmJê$H$Vm {Z‘m©U H$aÊ¶mMm H$m¶©H«$‘ am~{dÊ¶mV ¶oD$ cmJcm.
 àYmZ‘§Ìr {H$gmZ g§‘mZ {ZYr ¶moOZm (PM-KISAN-Pradhan Mantri Kisan SAmman Nidhi)
 gwê$dmV - 24 ’o$~«wdmar 2019. ‘mÌ ¶moOZm 1 {S>g|~a 2018 nmgyZ (retrospective) cmJy Amho. ¶moOZoMr KmofUm 1
’o$~«wdmar 2019 cm gmXa Pmcoë¶m A§V[a‘ AW©g§H$ënmV H$aÊ¶mV Amcr. ¶moOZoMo AZmdaU 24 ’o$~«wdmar 2019 cm
JmoaInya (CÎma àXoe) ¶oWyZ n§VàYmZ lr. Za|Ð ‘moXr ¶m§À¶m hñVo H$aÊ¶mV Amco. Voc§JUmÀ¶m a¶Wy ~§Yy ¶moOZoMr àoaUm
KoD$Z hr ¶moOZm H|$ÐmZo gwê$ Ho$ë¶mMo {XgVo.
30 Economics Notes
 Am[W©H$ ‘XV : ¶m ¶moOZ|VJ©V cm^mWu eoVH$ar Hw$Qw>§~mcm 6,000 ê$n¶m§Mo CËnÞ Ë¶mÀ¶m ImË¶mV WoQ> dJ© Ho$co OmVo. ho
CËnÞ 3 Q>ßß¶m§V {d^mJyZ (àË¶oH$ 4 ‘{hÝ¶mcm 2,000 ê$n¶m§à‘mUo) {Xco OmVo. ¶mgmR>r Imcrc H$mJXnÌm§Mr
Amdí¶H$Vm AgVo.
1) a{hdmgr XmIcm
2) ^yYmaUoMm XmIcm
3) AmYma H«$‘m§H$
4) ~±H$ ImVo H«$‘m§H$mMm Vnerc
¶moOZm 1 {S>g|~a 2018 nmgyZ (retrospective) cmJy Ho$ë¶m‘wio cm^mWu eoVH$ar Hw$Qw>§~mcm 2,000 ê$n¶m§Mm EH$ hám
({S>g|~a 2018 Vo ‘mM© 2019) XoIrc XoÊ¶mV Amcm.

Economics Notes 31

Govt Scheme Economics (Sanket Sir)

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Govt Scheme Economics (Sanket Sir)

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IITian’s Academy, Pune By : SANKET GHORBAND SIR

g_mdoeH$ {dH$mg Vo AO|S>m

7. emcm gmaWr (Shala-Sarthi) :

gm‘m{OH$ joÌ gwYmaUm

3) ‘{hcm§Mo ge³VrH$aU H$aUo.

2) AQ>c n|eZ ¶moOZm (APY - Atal Pension Yojana) :

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