Group 6-Topic: A Study on Risk Factors of Financial Fraud Victimization among

Malaysians

Problem Statement:
Financial fraud is on the rise and has cost individuals, businesses, and the country billions of
Ringgit Malaysia. This undermines trust in the financial system, disrupts economic stability,
and has adverse implications for society.

Dependent variables
= Victims of Financial Fraud

Independent variable
= Poor Knowledge, Low Self-Control, Financial Pressure, Bad Routine Activity

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES (X) DEPENDENT VARIABLES (Y)

Poor Knowledge

Low Self-Control Victims of

Financial Fraud
Financial Pressure

Bad Routine Activity

Demographic Questionnaire
Section A - Demographic

1. Gender
o Male
o Female

2. Age
o Below 18 years old
o 19 – 35 years old
o 36 – 55 years old
o Above 56 years old

3. Ethnicity
o Malay
o Chinese
o Indian
o Other

4. Marital Status
o Single
o Married
o Other

5. Living Area
• Rural
• Urban

6. Education
• SPM
• Diploma/ Asasi/ Matric/ STPM
• Degree
• Master/ PHD

7. Job Title
o Student
o Private Sector
o Government Sector
o Other

8. Income (Monthly)
o B40 (below RM 4,850)
o M40 (RM 4,851 – RM 10,959)
o T20 (RM 10,960 and above)

Questionnaire for IV (7 likert scale) (Strongly disagree, disagree, somewhat disagree,

neutral, somewhat agree, agree, strongly agree)

H1: Poor knowledge will be more likely to becoming a victim of financial fraud

Poor Knowledge
1. Failing to recognize scam cues when evaluating a scam offer caused a risk to be a
victim of financial fraud.
2. I should not easily believe if I receive a call from someone claiming to be an authority,
and to ended up giving him my personal information.
3. I should know the details of the IT world in keeping my security passwords and data
information strong and impenetrable to fraudsters.

H2: Low self-control will be more likely to becoming a victim of financial fraud

Low Self-Control
1. Lower self-control to be aware of scam tricks that lead to becoming a victim of
financial fraud.
2. I should not click on suspicious links without checking first, because they were sent
from my family or close friends.
3. I should not reluctant to check and change my password information, because it is a
waste of time.
H3: Financial pressure will be more likely to becoming a victim of financial fraud

Financial Pressure
1. Individual that doesn’t mind taking risks with their money as long as he/she believes
it will pay off is more likely to be a victim of financial fraud.
2. If someone really needed money quickly, he/she is more likely to join any program
that was offered without further investigation.
3. If someone was desperate and borrowed money from a source other than the bank, it
is due to because the bank loan procedure is quite complicated.

H4: Bad routine activity will be more likely to becoming a victim of financial fraud

Bad Routine Activity

1. Individual that always download movies and series from unofficial/ illegal website, it is
easily becoming a victim of financial fraud.
2. Individual that always shop online, so when a website asks for information to get a
reward, he/she tends submitting it without compromise.
3. Individual that doesn’t mind and always shares their lifestyle and routine freely on
social media could be a victim of financial fraud.

Questionnaire for DV (7 likert scale)

Victims of Financial Fraud

1. The victim of financial fraud would feel like almost a target of scammers.
2. The victim of financial fraud could suffer from physical loss as well as mental pressure.
3. The victim of financial fraud could have miserable life as emotional disruption.
4. Trauma to deal with financial organization could happen to the victim of financial fraud.