SOCIAL SCIENCE PROJECT

TOPIC – POLITICAL ISSUES HELD IN ANDHRA PRADESH AFTER

INDEPENDENCE TO TILL DATE .

NAME – Sanvi Verma

Class – 10 D
ROLL NO. – 19
SUBMITTED TO – Ms. Megha
 ANDHRA PRADESH

Andhra Pradesh is a state in the south-eastern coastal

region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area
covering an area of 162,975 km2 (62,925 sq mi) and
tenth-most populous state with 49,386,799 inhabitants. It
is bordered by Telangana to the north-west,
Chhattisgarh to the north, Odisha to the north-east,
Tamil Nadu to the south, Karnataka to the west and the
Bay of Bengal to the east. It has the second longest
coastline in India after Gujarat, of about 974 km (605
mi).Andhra State was the first state to be formed on a
linguistic basis in India on 1 October 1953.
 POLITICAL PARTIES
A political party is an organization that coordinates
candidates to compete in a particular country's elections.
It is common for the members of a party to hold similar
ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific
ideological or policy goals.
 POLITICS IN ANDHRA PRADESH
The majority of the tendencies and issues that have come to the
fore since the formation of Andhra
Pradesh could be seen in embryonic form during the period of
State formation itself. The period
between Independence in August 1947 and the formation of the
State in November 1956 witnessed
a series of militant struggles in the Andhra and Telengana regions,
policy measures that brought
about far-reaching changes in the agrarian structure, shifts in caste
and class relations, the
emergence of new leadership from peasant communities,
factional strife within the Congress and
also its consolidation, and political realignments among various
political forces of the State.
 POLITICS IN ANDHRA PRADESH (1947–1956)

At the time of Independence, the Congress Party in Andhra was rife with factional rivalries, which
often made use of caste identities. There were two prominent factions in the APCC (Andhra
Provincial Congress Committee). One was led by the legendary figure, Tanguturi Prakasam, known
as Andhra Kesari, the ‘Lion of Andhra’ (Rudrayya Chowdary, 1971). The other group was led by
Pattabhi Sitharamayya, another senior Brahman Congress leader, and later all-India Congress
President in 1949–50 and the party’s official historian (Prasanna Kumar, 1978). The elections to the
offices of Madras Congress Legislature Party Leader and APCC President provided the occasions
for a trial of strength between these rival groups. In a keen contest for the APCC presidency in
April 1951, Sanjiva Reddy, sponsored by the Pattabhi group, defeated Ranga, whom Prakasam
supported. The struggle between Ranga and Sanjiva Reddy was seen as a turning point in the
Kamma–Reddi rivalry that was emerging in Andhra Pradesh in the post–Independence period.
 POLITICAL ISSUES

- The Era of Congress Dominance

(1957–1982)

The Indian National Congress party won all the state elections from the emergence of the state on 1
October 1953 till 1983. Projects like Nagarjuna Sagar and Srisailam Dams were constructed during this
time. There were ten different Chief Ministers from the formation of the state in 1956 till 1983. Scant
respect for political values, erosion of inner-party democracy, and destruction of local
leadership with some amount of self-respect and extreme cynicism in party politics, all combined to
widen the gulf between the Congress and the people. The State began to slip away from the
Congress rule. However, even more than the government policies, it was the shameless factional
politics and farcical developments in the party that were primarily responsible for the electoral
collapse of the Congress in Andhra Pradesh in 1983.
- TELANGANA MOVEMENT
Marri Chenna Reddy formed the Telangana Praja Samiti party to lead the
Telangana movement. In November 1969, there was a major split in the party
which eventually led to the downfall of the movement. He resigned his
position to make room for a leader from Telangana to become the Chief
Minister. On 30 September 1971, P. V. Narasimha Rao became the Chief
Minister.

- Emergence of Telugu Desam Party

In 1983, N. T. Rama Rao (NTR), a popular Telugu actor, established his Telugu
Desam Party (Telugu Desam, meaning Land of Telugus) with the support of
people's dissent arising out of frequent changes in chief ministers of Andhra
Pradesh by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. He ran on a platform of "Telugu
Pride". Within nine months of its founding, Telugu Desam was voted to power
and NTR became the first "Non-Congress" Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh.

Nadendla Bhaskara Rao broke with the party and formed a state
government with the help of the opposition Congress(I). However his
government lasted only 31 days as he did not command a majority in the
Assembly. NTR was reinstated to power on 16 September 1984.
 RETURN OF THE CONGRESS
The Congress returned to power when [[Marri Chenna Red y]] was
sworn in for his second term as Chief Minister on 3 December 1989.The
Congress lasted in power until the elections of 1994.

NTR's second term

In the elections of 1994, N. T. Rama Rao's Telugu Desam Party ran advocating
prohibition of alcohol in response to a women's movement. He had then
recently married his second wife Lakshmi Parvathi. NTR's campaign focused on
the rural areas which won him a significant majority in the state elections of
1995.

Second breakup of the Telugu Desam

When NTR became the Chief Minister in 1994, he appointed one of his sons-in-law Nara
Chandrababu Naidu as the Revenue Minister. Soon after the formation of the
government, Naidu took the MLAs of NTR Cabinet in Viceroy Hotel, Hyderabad and
convinced them to support him in order to save the TDP. NTR was dethroned and the
TDP's leadership passed on to Chandrababu Naidu faction. The new TDP(NTR) party was
formed by Lakshmi Parvati after NTR's death on 18 January 1996 in order to challenge
Naidu's TDP. Chandrababu Naidu's TDP won the next elections with a huge majority.