Stages

 of  Ar,s,c  Development  

by  Dr.  Viktor  Lowenfeld  
 
“Crea,ve  and  Mental  Growth”  
©  1947  
1.    SCRIBBLE  STAGE  (2-­‐4  years)  
 1.    SCRIBBLE  STAGE  (2-­‐4  years)  
•  Children  at  this  age  are  engaged  in  the  
physical  ac,vity  of  drawing  
•  No  connec,on  made  between  marks  and  
representa,on  
•  Mostly  about  the  enjoyment  of  purely  making  
marks  
2.    PRESCHEMATIC  STAGE    
(4-­‐6  years  old)  
 2.    PRESCHEMATIC  STAGE    
(4-­‐6  years  old)  
•  Children  begin  to  see  connec,ons  between  
the  shapes  that  they  draw  and  the  physical  
world  around  them.  
•  The  child  makes  the  first  connec,on  to  
communica,ng  through  their  drawings  
3.    SCHEMATIC  STAGE    
(7-­‐9  years  old)  
 3.    SCHEMATIC  STAGE    
(7-­‐9)  years  old)  
•  Children  have  clearly  assigned  shapes  to  
objects  they  are  aZemp,ng  to  communicate.  
•  There  is  a  defined  order  in  the  development  
of  drawing  
•  Objects  are  o\en  placed  on  the  ground  
instead  of  floa,ng  in  space.  
4.    THE  DAWNING  REALISM    
(9-­‐11  Years  old  
4.    THE  DAWNING  REALISM    
(9-­‐11  Years  old  
 4.    THE  DAWNING  REALISM    
(9-­‐11  Years  old  
•  Also  known  as  the  gang  age.  
•  Group  friendship  
•  Begin  to  be  cri,cal  of  their  work  
•  There  is  structured  order  to  drawing  objects  
 
5.    THE  PSEUDOREALISTIC  STAGE  
(11-­‐13  years  old)  
5.    THE  PSEUDOREALISTIC  STAGE  
(11-­‐13  years  old)  
5.    THE  PSEUDOREALISTIC  STAGE  
(11-­‐13  years  old)