Presented by

Chan Nyein
 Why Data
Center is
important ?
• Foundation of Any
Business

• Cost of Downtime
Natural Origin Human Origin
 Fire  Equipment Failure
 Heat  Human Errors
 Cold  Sabotage
 Water Flooding  Terrorism
 Lightning  Network Saturation
 Earthquake  Virus Hackers
 Air Pollution
 Electro Magnetic Fields
 Power Failure
Mission Critical Sites Selection
Potential Natural Hazards
Mission Critical Sites Selection
Potential Natural Hazards
Site Selection for Building
 Rent / Buy
 History of Building
( eg. Flood , fire , etc )
 Level / Floor within building
 Floor Loading
 Slab to slab Height
 Power Redundancy
 External Power ( eg. Generator )
 Data Center Facilities
Environmental Racks & PDU Fire suppression System
Monitoing

Monitoring Room UPS

CRAC CCTV

Electrical Distribution

Door Access

Water Leakage
Site Selection Area
• Easy access for external supply
• Spacious
• Secure
Site Selection Area
• If need, Construct foundation frame to protect the vibration
because of earthquakes, and other damage such as railway
and flight.
Raised Floor Standards
• BS/EN 12825
• UK-PSA
• US-CISCA (Ceiling Interior Systems Constructors Association)
• NFPA 251 , Fire Resistant for at least 1 Hour
• IEC-61000-4-2, Anti-static Properties
Uniformally Distributed Load Rolling Load

Point Load
 Raised Floor Usage

Preferred 2 feet Ratio = 1:12

Light
 Lumen ( Lm ) : Light Strength
 Lux ( Lx ) : Light Strength in area
 Theory
Lx = Lu/𝑚2
 Lighting should be located above
aisles and between cabinets
according to TIA-942-A.
 In Data Center, It also needs
500 lux.
Light Placement
• Back of the Light are more important than the front of the rack
• Fluorescent lights should never be connected to UPS
Power Infrastructure
 Power distribution should be
-Reliable
-Scalable
-Flexible

Overhead Under Raised Floor

Power Cable Distribution

Trunking Tray

Ladder Basket
Power Distribution
UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)
➢ According to the EN50091-3/IEC62040-3, Online Double
Conversion (VFI class) is good for mission critical data center
Principle of UPS
Redundancy Power Supply
Main Batteries for UPS
❖ Flooded Cell
- above 500kVA
- Long Life (15-20 Years)
- Operate at high current

❖ Sealed Lead Acid ( SLA / VRLA )

- 5 / 10 year design
- attractive price
- slow discharge

❖ Nickel-Cadmium ( Ni-Cd )
- long life ( 20 years )
- fast charging
- very expensive
Data Center Cooling
❑Cooling is the most important factors for data center

Vibration Electronic Component Failure

20% Dust
6%

Temperature
Humidity
Vibration
Dust

Humidity Temperature
19% 55%
Basic Principle of Cooling
Cooling system with split type
❑ Less effectiveness
❑ Need return hot air exhaust pipe
❑ Easy to maintain
Cooling system with CRAC
❑ Good Efficiency
❑ More expensive
❑ Precision Airflow
Containment Cooling Solution
Cold Aisle Solution Hot Aisle Solution

❖ Less expensive ❖ Open area of room is cold environment

❖ Need cap at the top ❖ Need return air plenum
❖ More space require ❖ More effective
❖ Easy to implement ❖ Easy to implement
Air Booster
❑ Speed up the air flow to the desired direction
❑ More efficiency
❑ More Expensive
Cooling Theory
 1 Ton = 12,000 BTU
 1 Ton =3.516 kW
 1 Ton = 4.714 Hp
 1 Hp = 745.6 Watt (Electrical)
 1 BTU = 0.0003929 Hp
 1 BTU = 0.25 Kcal
 1 Hp = 2.64 kW (Cooling)
Structured Cabling System
Structured Cabling
Overhead Cabling
❖ Cost Saving
❖ Design for Less Space Room
❖ Need More Cable Length
depending on the height of trays
❖ Effect with hot return air
Underfloor Cabling
❖ More Expensive
❖ Leakage 25% of airflow through cable
cutout
❖ Design for large Space Room
❖ Need more raised floor height
Cabling Characteristics
 TIA/EIA 568 Standard
 Rigid
 Less interference
 Length maximum 100 meters
 Best used for structured cabling
➢ TIA/EIA 568 Standard
➢ Flexible
➢ More interference
➢ Length maximum 10 meters
➢ Best used for structured
cabling
Working Principles of Fiber Cable

 Light is emitted as pulses by

laser / led
 Travel through the fiber
bouncing off endlessly
 Receive the light & Convert to
Data
 Allows Faster Speed
 Can travel Longer Distance
Fiber Cable
Single Mode
 9 µm Core
 Higher Bandwidth & Lower
attenuation
 Laser Light Source
 Longer Distance (several km)
 SC, LC, FC or ST Connectors
 Used in Telecom & CATV Networks
Multi Mode
 50 or 62.5 µm Core
 Lower Bandwidth & Higher
attenuation
 Led Light Source
 Medium Distance (300 meters)
 SC, LC, FC or ST Connectors
 Used in LAN and Security System
Connector Types

 Better Connectors lose very

little light
 SC & LC are most useful
 Mostly used in telecom
Devices and Datacenter