LEGAL LANGUAGE

1. What are the major International Treaties on Environmental Protection? Summary:

What are the major
International Treaties on
Environmental Protection?
What measures has India
adopted to comply with them? International Treaties on Environmental Protection.
Discuss the contribution of
Public Interest Litigation to holding government agencies accountable. it allow citizens to bring cases related to
protect the environment.
Discuss the provision relating and various other laws and regulations. The Indian Constitution includes provisions
to protect the environment
under Indian Constitution.
Analyse the concept of
environmental impact
assessment as legislatively
incorporated and judicially
applied to control hazardous
wastes.
Explain the provisions under
Cr P C related to the
maintenance to a wife,
children and parents. When
they will lose the rights?
Explain the procedure in a
session's trial case.
The major International Treaties on Environmental Protection include the UNFCCC
(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), the Kyoto Protocol, the
Paris Agreement, the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the Stockholm
Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.
2. What measures has India adopted to comply with them? Summary: India has taken
measures such as the National Action Plan on Climate Change, the Swachh
Bharat Abhiyan, and the National Biodiversity Act to comply with the major
3. Discuss the contribution of Public Interest Litigation to protect the environment.
Summary: Public Interest Litigation has played a significant role in protecting the
environment in India by giving citizens a voice to address environmental issues and
environmental issues to court.
4. Discuss the provision relating to protect the environment under Indian
Constitution. Summary: The Indian Constitution provides for environmental
protection through the Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy,
such as Article 21, which protects the right to life and personal liberty, and
Article 48A, which directs the State to protect and improve the environment.
5. Analyse the concept of environmental impact assessment as legislatively
incorporated and judicially applied to control hazardous wastes. Summary:
Environmental Impact Assessment is a process to assess the potential environmental
impacts of a proposed project or development. It is legislatively incorporated and
judicially applied to control hazardous wastes.
6. Explain the provisions under Cr P C related to the maintenance to a wife, children
and parents. When they will lose the rights? Summary: The provisions under Cr P C
related to maintenance to a wife, children and parents require a person to provide for
their maintenance if they are unable to do so themselves. They will lose the rights if
they remarry or are no longer dependent on the person liable to pay maintenance.
7. Explain the procedure in a session's trial case. Summary: In a session's trial case,
after framing charges against the accused, evidence is presented by both sides,
followed by cross-examination, and closing arguments. The judge then delivers
a verdict of guilty or not guilty.

Explain the procedure to be 8. Explain the procedure to be followed by a police officer in a cognizable offense
followed by a police officer in after receiving the information. Summary: After receiving information about a
a cognizable offense after cognizable offense, a police officer must register an FIR, investigate the matter,
receiving the information. arrest the accused if necessary, and submit a charge sheet to the court.
Describe the constitution, 9. Describe the constitution, powers and jurisdiction of different criminal courts under
powers and jurisdiction of Cr P C. Summary: The Constitution, powers, and jurisdiction of different criminal
different criminal courts under courts under Cr P C are categorized into three tiers - the lower judiciary, the higher
Cr P C. judiciary, and the Supreme Court.
10. Explain the procedure before a magistrate in a complaint case. Summary: In a
complaint case, the complainant files a complaint before the magistrate, who
Explain the procedure before a examines the complainant and the witnesses. The accused is given an
magistrate in a complaint case. opportunity to cross-examine the witnesses, and the magistrate then delivers a
Explain the procedure 11. Explain the procedure followed by a magistrate in a warrant case on a police
followed by a magistrate in a report. Summary: In a warrant case on a police report, the magistrate examines the
warrant case on a police police report and any other evidence presented by the prosecution. The accused is
report. given an opportunity to cross-examine the witnesses, and the magistrate then

Differentiate between reserve
and protected forests. What
are the rules laid down by the
State government to regulate
matters of protected forests?
12. Differentiate between reserve and protected forests. What are the rules laid down
by the State government to regulate matters of protected forests? Summary:
Reserve forests are government-owned forests with specific rules and
regulations. Protected forests are privately owned forests with conservation
status. The state government lays down rules for the management and regulation of
protected forests.

Discuss the provisions relating

to the constitution of State
boards for the prevention and
control of air pollution. Explain 13. Discuss the provisions relating to the constitution of State boards for the
the terms and conditions of prevention and control of air pollution. Explain the terms and conditions of services
services of members. What are of members. What are the disqualification of members? Summary: The Constitution
the disqualification of of State boards for the prevention and control of air pollution provides for the
members? appointment
1. Define Hazardous Substances: Hazardous substances are any materials or compounds that
pose a significant risk to human health or the environment. These substances can be found
Define Hazardous Substances. in various forms, such as gases, liquids, or solids, and can be either natural or synthetic.
2. Discuss the Power of State Government to Supersede the State Board Under Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981: Under the Air (Prevention and Control of
Discuss the Power of State
Pollution) Act 1981, the State Government has the power to supersede the State Pollution
Government to Supersede the
State Board Under Air Control Board if it fails to perform its functions or comply with any direction given by the
(Prevention and Control of Central Pollution Control Board. The State Government can take over the functions of the
Pollution) Act 1981. State Board for a period of up to six months, and during this time, the State Board will be
3. India is the first country in the world to provide Constitutional protection to the
Environment. Comment citing the Constitutional provisions: Article 21 of the Indian
Constitution guarantees the right to life, and the Supreme Court has held that this right
India is the first country in the
includes the right to a healthy environment. Additionally, the Constitution of India provides
world to provide Constitutional
protection to the Environment. for the protection and improvement of the environment under Article 48A, which states that
Comment citing the "the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the
Constitutional provisions. forests and wildlife of the country."
4. Discuss the importance of 'Precedent' as a source of Law: Precedent refers to previously
decided cases that serve as a guide for future decisions. It is an important source of law
because it ensures consistency and predictability in legal decisions. The doctrine of
Discuss the importance of precedent allows for the development of legal principles over time, and judges are bound to
'Precedent' as a source of Law. follow established precedents unless they can be distinguished or overruled.
5. Explain the following legal concepts: a) Injuria Sine Damnum; b) Res Ipsa Loquitur; c)
Damnum Sine Injuria; d) Actus Necessitus: a) Injuria Sine Damnum means injury without
damages, or a violation of a legal right without actual harm. b) Res Ipsa Loquitur
Explain the following legal means "the thing speaks for itself" and is a legal doctrine that allows a plaintiff to
concepts: a) Injuria Sine establish a defendant's negligence by relying on circumstantial evidence. c) Damnum Sine
Damnum; b) Res Ipsa Loquitur; Injuria means damages without injury, or a situation where a person suffers loss or harm
c) Damnum Sine Injuria; d) without a corresponding violation of a legal right. d) Actus Necessitus refers to a
Actus Necessitus. necessary act, such as a defense of oneself or others, which is justified even if it would
6. What do you understand by the Interpretation of Statute? What is the difference between
Interpretation and Construction? Interpretation of a statute refers to the process of
What do you understand by determining the meaning and scope of the words and phrases used in the statute.
the Interpretation of Statute? Construction of a statute, on the other hand, refers to the process of applying the statute to
What is the difference specific factual situations. The difference between interpretation and construction is that
between Interpretation and interpretation involves understanding the language used in the statute, while construction
Construction? involves applying that language to particular circumstances.
Write a letter to the Municipal
Commissioner to Control the
menace of Stray Dogs in the 7. Write a letter to the Municipal Commissioner to Control the menace of Stray Dogs in the
City. City: Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to bring your attention to the growing menace of stray dogs in our city. The
number of stray dogs has increased significantly over the past few months, and they pose a
serious threat to the safety and health of our residents.
The stray dogs are often seen wandering on the streets, creating a nuisance for the
pedestrians and commuters. They have been involved in several cases of dog bites, which
have led to serious injuries and infections.
I urge you to take immediate action to control the population of stray dogs in the city.
Measures such as steril