ARRANGEMENTS PERMUTATIONS COMBINATIONS

lo marks time Saving workings are small

ARRANGEMENTS

I 3 Shirts 4 pants
How many different dress settings are possible

3 4 12
ways
SHIRT PANT

3 4
12
ways

EVENTS FOLLOWED BY EACH OTHER

NUMBER OF WAYS OF BOTH
ARE OBTAINED BY MULTIPLYING
THIER INDIVIDUAL WAYS

MENU
2 Starters
MAIN
I
Starter DRINK DESSERT
3 5 4 x 2
main

I 120
ways
 Desserts
II
I I

3 MCQ EXAM CONTAINS 5 QUESTIONS

EACH QUESTION HAS 4 OPTIONS A B C D

is
Da B o
4 4 4 X 4
2a BCD
x x X
4
37 a B C D
4a BCD

Thought process i How many events do we have

2 Fill the no of ways of
each event
3
If they are followed by
each other MULTIPLY

Q 5 friends A B C D and E Stand in a

straight line

in How many different arrangements are possible

5 4 3 2 x 1 51 120ways
8h 8h 8h 9h
 h h
37 3176
2
4 4 3 2 1 24
5

Factorial is used when you

have to ARRANGE objects in
a line and
OBJECTS SPACES N

vij A and B want to stand together

Aand B arehere

4
2 x 4
48
ways

in A and B do not want to stand together

A and B do A and B
not want to TOTAL sit together
sit together 120 48
72
ways

This method to separate things is not

universal This method can separate
 ly p
TWO THINGS eg A B WE WILL STUDY
THE UNIVERSAL TECHNIQUE TO SEPARATE
LATER
I 8 friends
go to watch a movie
They sit in same row with 8 seats
Find how many arrangements are
possible if
is No restrictions 8
40320ways

is A and B want to sit together

A B are here

2
7

2 X 7
10080ways

Hi'D A B C and F want to sit together

A BC F are here

4 x 5
2880
Q 5boys and 6girls stand in a straight line
Find the number of arrangements it

is No restrictions 11 39916800 ways

All boys want to stand together

Boys are here

5
71
5 x7

in All girls want to stand together

All girls are here

6
6
6 Xb

in All boys want to stand together and all

girls want to stand together
All boys here Allgirls here

5 6
2
5 x6 x2
 is No two girls want to stand next to
each other
G B G B G B G B G B G
6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 I 1
5 6

MEMORIZE THIS CASE N N 1 ALTERNATING

A N B n 1

To separate A we use alternating

pattern

Q On a
family picnic there are 5 men
8 women and 4 children They stand
line a
in a
straight for photograph
Find the number of arrangements
if
No restrictions 17
All women want to stand together
II Tenant her I
8 x 10
 all men want to stand together and all
women want to stand together

Intomentare Ter I Intenanthers I

8 x 5 x 6

in All adults want to stand together and

all children want to stand together

In adult Thet I 137 InThird y

13 X4 x 2

µ Ill men want to stand together all women

want to stand together and all children
want to stand together

I meters then here Eilert

8 5 4
3

8 x 5 x 4 x 3
 HOW TO TREAT IDENTICAL REPEATING ITEMS
method 1 FIRST TREAT EVERYTHING NORMALLY
AS IF THERE IS NO REPEAT
2
NOW DIVIDE WITH ALL THE REPEATS
r

d THE word cross are arranged

Alphabets of
in a
straight line Find number of
possible arrangements if pidgggrepeat

Total 5
d No restrictions

if all consonants should be together

d THE Alphabets of word ARRANGEMENTS
are arranged
in a
straight line
Find number of possible arrangements if
d No restrictions ARRANGEMENTS
2R ZA ZE 2N

lip All vowels should be together

OBJECTS SPACES

Factorial n
 OBJECTS SPACES

N COMBINATION
PERMUTATIONS
ORDER MATTERS
Pr T ORDER DOES NOT

30 MATTER
Class
we need 3 student to give class 30
First second and third position we need 3 student to make
a football team
First A B
second

Third
B
c
C

A
B
of
this shows order matters order does not matter
30p 30C

KEY WORDS Pr KEYWORDS Cr

ARRANGEMENTS COMBINATIONS
CHOOSE
DIVIDE
SHARE
SELECT
TEAM
DELEGATION
 ARRANGEMENTS

object spaces object spaces

FACTORIAL N PERMUTATION Pr

Q Out of Students contest for

10 students 3
positions of president vice president 4
secretary of a society
Find the number of arrangements
if
is No restrictions

in Two students are brothers and either

both them win a position or
of
none of them will win
 n
Pe In x r

chooses choosing Arrange

without them
things paying
along with attention
Arrangements to order
payingattention ABC ACB CAB
are all
to order same
combination
ABC ACB BAC
are all different
arrangements

example A B C D E
we need 3 alphabets

US COMBINATION

a rMÉ BAC BCA CAB CBA

ABD
I
3 ABE
4 BCD
5 BCE

6 CDE
ACD
y
8 ACE
9 ADE
10 BDE

5 60
P 503 10

we need
alphabets from 5
3
such that their order matters

V
u
THEN ORDER
choosing with order choosewithoutorder
3
SP 5g x

Pr her x r

60 10 X 6
60 60
 UNIVERSAL TECHNIQUE TO SEPERATECOMPLETELY

Q 4 Boys and
girls stand in a straightline
Find the number A
rragemetif cis
All girls stand together

in no two boys stand next to each other

we want all boys separate

Step1 First make girls stand
STEP2 Place boys on positions of stars It Iy Pr

G G G G G GAGA

7 x Sp 8467200 ways

I ADDITIONAL
Find number of arrangements if
OADDIOTOOONAD
2D LA 2 I
C NO restrictions 10
 All vowels are next to each other

Towel I 5 x 6
y 2 2 2

No two vowels are next to eachother

we need to separate OADDIOTIONOAL

vowels completely 2D LA 2 I

make consonants stand first

C C C C Act

5 X
b
Pg
2 2 2
D A I

Q 3 History books and 7 philosophy books are

arranged in a
straight line Find the
number of arrangements if
in No restrictions 10

All history books are next to each other

 3 3 8
g 241920 ways

Not all history books are next to each other

NOT ALL TO TAL ALL
TOGETHER TOGETHER

10 13 x 8

338 6880 ways

1
This means that all3ofthem should notbe together but
two of them can be next to each other
This part does not mean that all history
books are separated

I No two books are next to each other

history
This means that
all history books
should be separated star method

I PI PI PI PI PI Is
7 X SP

IMPORTANT

NOT All next to each TOTAL

 TOEACHOTHER

NO TWO NEX TO EACH OTHER STAR METHOD

TO SEPARATE

SELECTION CHOOSING SHARING Combinations

CANNOT HANDLE IDENTICAL REPEATS
LIKE WE DO IN ARRANGEMENTS EYEthe

YOU CANNOT APPLY G IF THERE ARE

IDENTICAL REPEATS YOU HAVE TO
MANAGE THE IDENTICAL REPEATS
MANUALLY

combination

in HOAPPONOESS 90720ways
2,924
2P 25
P S

M ALL VOWELS NEXT TO EACHOTHER 7560

31,11
vowels 3
 7
NOT ALL NEXTTO EACH OTHER TOTAL ALL NEXTTO
EACH OTHER

90720 7560
NOT ALL NEXTTO EACH OTHER 83160

P NOT ALL NEXTTO EACH OTHER NOT ALLNEXTTOEACHOTHER

TOTAL

83 20

or

nor cannot handle identicalrepeats so

you cannot do This is not possible
444
NOP and ones of NOP and 25

HAPPINESS HAPPINESS

s s s
1 5C I 1 5C

Ix I XI x 5C 2
 20
ways

TYPEI ALPHABETS

on

in REFRIGERATOR 12 9979200
4R ZE
I 2
i 181440
g L412
N Nor and two E

RIERIGEREIER
E E
1 I 1 1
2 62 92 15
 I I I I
y
xD
1 1 Ix
34
1680

Incr

it Exactly 1 E is if there are no

NÉE pygmy QDE restriction and you
IEE.IR
select 4 alphabets
E MOM TELEPHONE
t 8 How many repeat
cases are possible
15ways 20 ways
 selecting 4 letters NOE ELLEY FEELY EXFETLY

fromTELEPHON
withoutrestriction 15 20 15 6 56

Exactly two E Exactly 3 E

IEEERHINE IXIERIENE
E E E E E
I x1 x be I x1 x I Xtc
15 6

ID TANZANIA
3A 2N
I 360 ways
q 3ft
3 2

I CONSONANTS VOWELS
TNZN A AIA
 c v e v e v er
4 4 3 3 2 2 1 I

4 x 4 98 ways
3 2
A N

TANZANIA
3A 2N

is Exactly IN and 1A you could also

do this manually
TANZANIA
listing
N A NATI
1 1 3 ways
322 NAIZ

EXACTLY IN LISTINGS
IANZANIA
N TZI
IN NOA
I 3C 1

IA NA TZ
1N from last part 3
NA TI
NA IZ
In A
IEEE's
NA AT
 x 1 X1 X 3C 3 NA AZ
N AAI
1N 3A TANZANIA
N A A A I N AAA
XI XI XI

Sways

TPEZ NUMBERS

in Spaces 6 120
objects
3
ways

i 5 416,717 7 Of 7 4161717 5
Of 7 4151617 7
4 1 1 thx 4 x 1
thx
x x x
14s twoldrepeat

12 12 24
48 ways
 1,2 3,4 6

it 5
No
g way 1 5 4 3 60

ii Repeat is allowed
5 means all 6
No Aways 1 6 6 6 216 numbers are
available for
each place

If question asks
for different numbers
that can be made ITS ARRANGEMENT

i 4 24 ways
11 Threedigitnumber of FourDigitnumber
1,315,6 Endorde
than500 31516
fire Tagging
q
Is
x
FirstDigit is5

5 13 6 Y
1 2 1 1 2 5 3 X3

4 t 6 t 18
28 ways
32

endswiths
it ends with ends with 4 ends with
114,4161817
I IR 1,219161817 4 ER 11214141817 6ER 1,214,41617 E
E 11 E
Ex 61
1 Ext
360 720 360 360

1800
ways
His
1,92 4,6 7,8 2
I 5Pa
120ways
 Gination

Even 6
i 61 4 720
4 2 2131
1 1 2234666 3 ER 3 2234666 1 ER 3 1224666 3
7 F x k x x
a 3 ta
420 420 420
1260
523 arranged 3

Ynet

in 1a I 2 3 4 6
513 533
those pacedin
a line
artanged

b I 22 33 4 6 66
200 and 300
 I ng
212 221 231 241 261
213 223 232 242 262
214 224 234 243 263
216 226 233 246 264
236 266

4 5 4 5 22
4 ways

in odds 5 51 3 720
3

3 41g
in 4

Starts with 4 Starts with

4 8 3 418

Ix Sp x Ex sext
20 40
60 ways
Iii one digit two digit Threedigit

5 5 5
t t t t t t
1 7 1 7 7 1

I t T t 49
57

5 5 2 5 52 29 hours
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