MATH REVIEWER 4TH QUARTER

STATISTICS INFORMATION

- It is a branch of applied mathematics - Is a set of data that have been processed and
concerned with the techniques by which presented in a form suitable for human
information is collected, organized, interpretation
presented, analyzed and interpreted.

TYPES OF STATISTICS

 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
- Deals with the collection, organization,
description, summarization, and presentation
of data in a form that can make the
information meaningful
 INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
- Deals with the formation of conclusions based
on an observation of a sample drawn from the
SOURCES OF DATA
population
I. PRIMARY SOURCES
TERMS TO REMEMBER
- Information is obtained usually by means of personal
1. POPULATION
interviews and actual observation
- is the complete and entire collection of elements to
II. SECONDARY SOURCES
be studied
- Information is taken from others’ work, news,
2. SAMPLE
reports, reading, and other printed materials
- a subset of a population
METHODS OF GATHERING DATA
3. VARIABLE
- Direct or Interview Method
- is a particular characteristics or property of an object - Observation Method
or people which may take a varied range of values - Indirect or Questionnaire method
- Experimentation
TYPES OF VARIABLE
- Registration Method
a. QUALITATIVE VARIABLE

- refers to the non-measureable characteristics that

cannot assume a numerical value of the sample

b. QUANTITATIVE VARIABLE

- refers to the numerical information gathered about

the samples

B1) discrete numbers are those obtained through

counting

B2) continuous numbers are the result of

measurement

DATA AND INFORMATION

DATA

- Facts concerning things such as status in life,

age, hobbies, etc.
 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES

1. RANDOM SAMPLING TECHNIQUES

1. Lottery or Fishbowl sampling

2. Sampling with the use of table of random numbers

(RAN)

3. Systematic Sampling

- in every kth number (k= N/n)

4. Stratified Sampling

- Simple Stratified Sampling

- Stratified Proportional Random Sampling

- Multi-stage or Multiple Sampling

2. NON-RANDOM SAMPLING TECHNIQUES

ORGANIZATION PRESENTATION OF DATA

Forms of Presentation Data

1. Textual Form

- This form of presentation combines text and

numerical facts in a statistical report.

2. Tabular Form

- This form of presentation provides numerical facts in

a more concise and systematic way

3. Graphical Presentation

- This form bring out data representation more clearly

and creatively in virtually solid and colorful figures

DIFFERENT KINDS OF GRAPHS AND CHARTS

Line Graph
Bar Graph FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION AND GRAPHS

- Is a tabulation or grouping of raw data into

appropriate categories showing the number
of observations in each group or category

THREE BASIC TYPES OF FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

1. Categorical – is used for data that can be placed in

specific categories, such as nominal, or ordinal level
data

2. Ungrouped – when observations are sorted into

classes of single values.
Circle Graph or Pie Chart
3. Grouped – when observations are sorted into
classes of more than one value.

BASIC TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH FREQUENCY TABLE

1. Lower-class limit

- the smallest data value that can be included in a

class

2. Upper-class limit

- the largest data value that can be included in a class

Picture Graph or Pictogram
3. Class boundaries

- are used to separate the classes so that there are no

gaps in frequency distribution

4. Class marks

- the midpoint of the classes

5. Class width (Class interval)

- the difference between two consecutive lower-class

limits
Map Graph or Cartogram
 MEAN

- Arithmetic average of all of the scores.

MEDIAN

- Middle number, when in order.

MODE

- Most common number.

QUARTILES

- Are position that divide the distribution into

four, ten, and hundred equal parts

1st Quartile – 25%

2nd Quartile - 50%

3rd Quartile – 75%

DECILES

- Divides the distribution into 10 equal parts

PERCENTILE

- Divides the distribution into 100 equal parts

MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

- It is a value that best describe the group and

be a representative of all the observations. It
is typical value or a representative value of a
set of data.