UNIVERSAL

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

II Shift Polytechnic College, Code: 607

(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to APSBTET, Vijayawada)
Dokiparru (V), Medikondur (M), Guntur-522438.

ELECTRICAL MACHINES-III LABORATORY (EE-507)

V SEMESTER, (AS PER C-20 CURRICULUM)
LAB RECORD

DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Prepared by

Mr. Hari Madhava Reddy. Y

Assistant Professor, HoS-DEE.

 UNIVERSAL
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to APSBTET, Vijayawada)
Dokiparru (V), Medikondur (M), Guntur-522438.

PIN

This is certify that the Bonafide Record of the Laboratory work done by

Mr. / Ms./…………………………………………………………………………………..of ……………… Diploma

………….Semester in ……………………………………………………………………………..Branch has

Completed ………………… experiments out of ………………………. experiments in

…………………………………………………………….... laboratory during the Academic Year 20 - 20

Submitted for the Practical Examination Held on …………………………..

Signature of the faculty – in charge Signature of the Head of the Section

Name & Signature of the Examiner 1: Name & Signature of the Examiner 2:

Principal

(Institution Rubber Stamp)

 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-III
LABORATORY

Year & SEM : III- V SEM DEEE Hrs/Week : 03

Subject Code: EE-507 Total Hours: 45
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Conduct brake test on 3-phase squirrel cage induction motor.

2. Conduct Brake test on 3-phase slip ring induction motor.

3. Conduct load test on synchronous motor and draw V and inverted V curves.

4. Perform Load test on Single phase split type induction motor.

5. Perform Load test on single phase capacitor type induction motor.

6. Perform Load test on a single phase Universal motor.

7. Conduct suitable tests and draw circle diagram of squirrel cage induction motor.

8. Conduct suitable tests and draw circle diagram of slip ring induction motor.

9. Identify and rectify faults in AC motors.

10. Identify and rectify faults in AC starters

 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-III
LABORATORY
Year & SEM : III- V SEM DEEE Subject Code: EE-507

Course Objectives and Outcomes

Conduct load test on a single phase and three phase

CO1 EE-507.1 induction motors to draw performance characteristics.
Conduct suitable test on three phase induction motors to
CO2 EE-507.2 daw circle diagram for analysing theri performance.
Course
outcomes Identify various faults in A.C motors.AC starters and
CO3 EE-507.3
troubleshoot for rectifying faults.

(i) To operate single phase and 3- phase A.C. Motors and analyse their
Course performance
Objectives (ii) To conduct tests and estimate the parameters of three phase induction
motors and predict the performance
(iii)To identify different parts of A.C motors and starters, and Troubleshoot
if found faulty.
 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-III LABORATORY

Year & SEM : III- V SEM DEEE Subject Code: EE-507

LABORATORY INSTRUCTIONS
1. Listen carefully to the lecture given by teacher about importance of subject, curriculum
philosophy, learning structure, skills to be developed, information about equipment,
instruments, procedure, method of continuous assessment, tentative plan of work in
Laboratory and total amount of work to be done in a semester.
2. Students shall undergo study visit of the laboratory for types of equipment, Instruments
material to be used, before performing experiments.
3. Read the write up of each experiment to be performed, a day in advance.
4. Organize the work in the group and make a record of all observations.
5. Understand the purpose of experiment and its practical implications.
6. Write the answers for the questions allotted by the teacher during practical hours if known.
7. Student should not hesitate to ask any difficulty faced during conduct of practical/ exercise.
8. Student shall attempt to develop related hands - on - skills and gain confidence.
9. Student shall refer technical magazines, refer websites related to the scope of the subjects and
update their knowledge and skills.
10. Student should develop habit to submit the practical, exercise continuously and progressively
on the scheduled dates.
DO’S AND DONT’S IN THE LAB
DO’S:
1. Proper dress has to be maintained while entering in the lab and wear shoes/ Leather chappals
while conducting the experiment.
2. All the students should come to the lab with necessary tools. (Cutting Pliers 6”, Insulation
remover and phase tester).
3. Students should carry laboratory book.
4. Correct specifications of the equipment have to be mentioned in the circuit diagram.
5. Students should be aware of operating equipment.
6. Students should be at their concerned experiment table, unnecessary movement is restricted.
7. Select proper type and range of apparatus used for your experiment.
 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-III LABORATORY

Year & SEM : III- V SEM DEEE Subject Code: EE-507

8. Student should follow the indent procedure to receive the right apparatus from the Lab Store
Room.
9. Maintain minimum 2 feet distance from machine while performing the test.
10. Note down the name plate details of the machine before conducting the test.
11. Insert proper fuse ratings as per the name plate details of the machine.
12. Before conducting the experiment, check the machine whether it is on no-load or not.
13. Record the readings of exercise by keeping of your eyes at correct position (without Parallax
error)
14. After completing the connections students must verify the circuits by the Staff Member.
15. Never exceed the permissible values of Current, Voltage, Speed or any other ratings of the
machine.
16. After the experiment is completed, Switch OFF the main supply on the experiment table and
remove all the connections.
17. The reading must be shown to the Lecturer In-Charge for verification.
18. In case of short circuit or over load, Switch OFF the main supply.
19. Hand over the apparatus to the Lab Store Room and Connecting wires should be placed at
their original positions after the experiment is over.

DO N’Ts:
1. Don’t come late to the Lab.
2. Don’t make or remove the connections with power ON.
3. Don’t use wires with poor insulation.
4. Don’t cut the insulation of the wire with teeth.
5. Don’t switch ON the supply without the circuit being verified.
6. Don’t get contact directly with live terminals.
7. Don’t switch OFF the machine with load.
8. Don’t throw the water on live electrical equipment in case of fire.
9. Don’t leave the lab without the permission of lecturer In-charge.
 ELECTRICAL MACHINES-III LABORATORY
Year & SEM : III- V SEM DEEE Subject Code: EE-507
Precautions
1. Loose connections should be avoided.
2. Observations from the measuring instrument should be taken without parallax error.
3. Care should be taken to avoid electric shock.
4. Care must be taken to avoid short circuit.
5. Power on Switch should not be turned off on load.
6. Measuring instruments should be placed horizontally to get accurate readings.
7. Handling of the equipment with wet and greasy hands should be avoided.
8. Moving handles of the motor starters should be moved slowly from starting position.
9. Readings from measuring instruments should be read after considering multiplication
factors.
10. Motors should not be overloaded.

SAFETY RULES
1. SAFETY is of paramount importance in the Electrical Engineering Laboratories.
2. Electricity NEVER EXECUSES careless persons. So, exercise enough care and attention in
handling electrical equipment and follow safety practices in the laboratory. (Electricity is
a good servant but a bad master).
3. Avoid direct contact with any voltage source and power line voltages. (Otherwise, any such
contact may subject you to electrical shock).
4. Wear rubber-soled shoes. (To insulate you from earth so that even if you accidentally contact a
live point, current will not flow through your body to earth and hence you will be protected
from electrical shock).
5. Wear laboratory-coat and avoid loose clothing. (Loose clothing may get caught on an
equipment/instrument and this may lead to an accident particularly if the equipment happens
to be a rotating machine).
6. Girl students should have their hair tucked under their coat or have it in a knot.
7. Do not wear any metallic rings, bangles, bracelets, wristwatches and neck chains. (When you
move your hand/body, such conducting items may create a short circuit or may touch a
live point and thereby subject you to Electrical shock).
8. Be certain that your hands are dry and that you are not standing on wet floor. (Wet parts of the
body reduce the contact resistance thereby increasing the severity of the shock)
9. Ensure that the power is OFF before you start connecting up the circuit. (Otherwise you will be
touching the live parts in the circuit).
10. Get your circuit diagram approved by the staff member and connect up the circuit strictly as
per the approved circuit diagram.
11. Check power chords for any sign of damage and be certain that the chords use safety plugs
and do not defeat the safety feature of these plugs by using ungrounded plugs.
12. When using connection leads, check for any insulation damage in the leads and avoid
such defective leads.
13. Do not defeat any safety devices such as fuse or circuit breaker by shorting across it.
Safety devices protect YOU and your equipment.
14. Switch on the power to your circuit and equipment only after getting them checked
up and approved by the staff member.
15. Take the measurement with one hand in your pocket. (To avoid shock in case you
accidentally touch two points at different potentials with your two hands)
16. Do not make any change in the connection without the approval of the staff member.

17. In case you notice any abnormal condition in your circuit (like insulation heating up,
resistor heating up etc), switch off the power to your circuit immediately and inform the staff
member.
18. Keep hot soldering iron in the holder when not in use.
19. After completing the experiment show your readings to the staff member and switch off the
power to your circuit after getting approval from the staff member.
20. Determine the correct rating of the fuse/s to be connected in the circuit after
understanding correctly the type of the experiment to be performed: no-load test or full-load
test, the maximum current expected in the circuit and accordingly use that fuse-rating.(While
an over-rated fuse will damage the equipment and other instruments like ammeters and watt-
meters in case of over load, an under-rated fuse may not allow one even to start the
experiment)
21. Moving iron ammeters and current coils of wattmeters are not so delicate and hence these
can stand short time overload due to high starting current. Moving iron meters are
cheaper and more rugged compared to moving coil meters. Moving iron meters can be used
for both a.c. and d.c. measurement. Moving coil instruments are however more sensitive and
more accurate as compared to their moving iron counterparts and these can be used for d.c.
measurements only. Good features of moving coil instruments are not of much consequence
for you as other sources of errors in the experiments are many times more than those caused by
these meters.
22. Some students have been found to damage meters by mishandling in the following ways:

i. Keeping unnecessary material like books, lab records, unused meters etc. causing meters to
fall down the table.
ii. Putting pressure on the meter (especially glass) while making connections or while talking or
listening somebody.

STUDENTS ARE STRICTLY WARNED THAT FULL COST OF THE METER WILL
BE RECOVERED FROM THE INDIVIDUAL WHO HAS DAMAGED IT IN SUCH A
MANNER.
Copy these rules in your Lab Record. Observe these
yourself and help your friends to observe.
I have read and understand these rules and procedures. I agree to abide by these
rules and procedures at all times while using these facilities. I understand that failure to follow these rules
and procedures will result in my immediate dismissal from the laboratory and additional disciplinary
action may be taken.

Signature Date Lab

GUIDELINES FOR LABORATORY NOTEBOOK

The laboratory notebook is a record of all work pertaining to the experiment. This record should be
sufficiently complete so that you or anyone else of similar technical background can duplicate
the experiment and data by simply following your laboratory notebook. Record everything directly
into the notebook during the experiment. Do not use scratch paper for recording data. Do not trust
your memory to fill in the details at a later time.
Organization in your notebook is important. Descriptive headings should be used to separate and
identify the various parts of the experiment. Record data in chronological order. A neat, organized and
complete record of an experiment is just as important as the experimental work.
1. Heading:
The experiment identification (number) should be at the top of each page.Your name and date
should be at the top of the first page of each day's experimental work.
2. Object:
A brief but complete statement of what you intend to find out or verify in the experiment should be at
the beginning of each experiment
3. Diagram:
A circuit diagram should be drawn and labeled so that the actual experiment circuitry could be easily
duplicated at any time in the future. Be especially careful to record all circuit changes
made during the experiment.
4. Equipment List:
List those items of equipment which have a direct effect on the accuracy of the data. It may be
necessary later to locate specific items of equipment for rechecks if discrepancies develop in the results.
5. Procedure:
In general, lengthy explanations of procedures are unnecessary. Be brief. Short commentaries
alongside the corresponding data may be used. Keep in mind the fact that the experiment must be
reproducible from the information given in your notebook.
6. Data:
Think carefully about what data is required and prepare suitable data tables. Record instrument
readings directly. Do not use calculated results in place of direct data; however, calculated results
may be recorded in the same table with the direct data. Data tables should be clearly identified and
each data column labeled and headed by the proper units of measure.
7. Calculations:
Not always necessary but equations and sample calculations are often given to illustrate the treatment
of the experimental data in obtaining the results.
8. Graphs:
Graphs are used to present large amounts of data in a concise visual form. Data to be presented in
graphical form should be plotted in the laboratory so that any questionable data points can be
checked while the experiment is still set up. The grid lines in the notebook can be used for most
graphs. If special graph paper is required, affix the graph permanently into the notebook. Give all
graphs a short descriptive title. Label and scale the axes. Use units of measure. Label each
curve if more than one on a graph.
9. Results:
The results should be presented in a form which makes the interpretation easy. Large amounts of
numerical results are generally presented in graphical form. Tables are generally used for small
amounts of results. Theoretical and experimental results should be on the same graph or arrange in
the same table in a way for easy correlation of these results.
10. Conclusion:
This is your interpretation of the results of the experiment as an engineer. Be brief and specific.
Give reasons for important discrepancies.
 INSTRUCTIONS TO THE STUDENT
1. Students are required to attend all labs.
2. Students will work individually in hardware laboratories and in computer laboratories.
3. While coming to the lab bring the lab manual cum observation book, record etc.
4. Take only the lab manual, calculator (if needed) and a pen or pencil to the work area.
5. Before coming to the lab, prepare the prelab questions. Read through the lab experiment to
familiarize yourself with the components and assembly sequence.
6. Utilize 3 hours time properly to perform the experiment (both in software and hardware) and note
down the readings properly. Do the calculations, draw the graph and take signature from the
instructor.
7. If the experiment is not completed in the prescribed time, the pending work has to be done in the
leisure hour or extended hours.
8. You have to submit the completed record book according to the deadlines set up by your
instructor.
9. For practical subjects there shall be a continuous evaluation during the semester for 40
marks Formative assessment (FA) (Internal examination) 50% of total marks for the Course shall
be awarded based on continuous assessment of the student in laboratory/workshop classes and the
remaining 50% shall be based on the sum of the marks obtained by the students in two tests and 60
Summative assessment (SA) External examination marks.
10. For Workshop practice and Laboratory Examinations, Each student has to pick up a question
paper distributed by Lottery System.
Max. Marks for an experiment / exercise : 50
Max. Marks for VIVA-VOCE : 10
Total Max. Marks : 60
In case of practical examinations with 50 marks, the marks shall be distributed as
Max. Marks for an experiment / exercise : 25
Max. Marks for VIVA-VOCE : 05
Total Max. Marks : 30
 INDEX

Experiment Record Signature of

S. Page
Execution Name of the Experiment Submission Marks the Lab in
No. No.
Date Date charge
 STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION & TRAINING, A.P., VIJAYAWADA
DIPLOMA PRACTICAL EXAMINATIONS
EE - 506 :: A.C.MACHINES LABORATORY - II
TIME : 03 HOURS MAX MARKS : 60
MODEL QUESTION PAPER

01 (a) . Draw the Circuit diagram to Conduct Brake test on 3-Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motor.
(b). Find the faults of a given AC starters and perform for its rectification.
(c). Calculate the efficiency of a given 3-Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motor at half load rated
Current from the given test readings. .

02. (a) . Draw the Circuit diagram to Conduct Brake test on 3-Phase Slip-Ring Induction Motor.
(b). Conduct Load test on a Single Phase Split Phase Motor.
(c). Calculate the efficiency of 1-Phase Universal Motor for the given test readings.

03. (a) . Draw the Circuit diagram to Conduct Load test on 1-Phase Split -Phase Induction Motor.
(b). Conduct Brake Test on a given Three Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motor.
(c). Draw the Circle diagram for the given Test readings at rated output of 3-Phase Squirrel cage
Induction Motor

04. (a). Draw the Circuit diagram to Conduct Load test on 1-Phase Capacitor type Induction Motor.
(b). Conduct Brake Test on a given Three Phase Slip-Ring Induction Motor.
(c). Draw the Circle diagram for the given Test readings at rated output of 3-Phase Slip-Ring
Induction Motor.

05. (a). Draw the Circuit diagram to Conduct Load test on 1-Phase Universal Motor..
(b). Identify the faults of a given AC Motors and perform for its rectification .
(c ). Calculate the Efficiency of 3-Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motor for the given Test readings and
plot the graph.

06. (a). Draw the Circuit diagrams to draw the circle diagrams of 3-Phase Squirrel Cage Induction
Motor.
(b). Conduct Load test on a Single Phase Capacitor type Induction Motor
(c ). Calculate the efficiency of 1-Phase Split-Phase Motor for the given test readings.

07. (a). Draw the Circuit diagrams to draw the circle diagrams of 3-Phase Slip-Ring Induction
Motor.
(b). Conduct Load test on a Single Phase Universal Motor
(c ). Calculate the efficiency of Single Phase Capacitor type Induction motor from the given test
readings and draw its graph.

08. (a). Draw the Circuit diagram to find the V and Inverted – V Curves of Synchronous Induction Motor .
(b). Identify the faults of a given AC Motors and perform for its rectification.
(c ). Draw the Circle diagram for the given Test readings at rated output of 3-Phase Squirrel cage
Induction Motor

********
 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

IDENTIFICATION AND RECTIFICATION OF FAULTS IN AC MOTORS

1. Description

Knowing the faults in the AC induction motors and rectifying them with the following equipment...

Equipment Name Specifications / Range No Purpose

To observe the presence of electric
Test Lamp 230V, 100W 1 power.

Digital Multimeter AC: 0-750V, 10A, To test the voltage, current and
1 resistance of the motors
0 – 2 mega ohms
Insulation Megger 500V, 0-1000-∞ mega To measure the insulation resistance
1 of the windings of the transformer
ohms
Red , Yellow, Blue ,
Green and Black As per
Connecting Wires To make connections with equipment
3/20 gauge and in the need
suitable lengths

2. Circuit Diagram
 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

IDENTIFICATION AND RECTIFICATION OF FAULTS IN AC MOTORS

3. Theory

The induction motor has two main parts namely rotor and stator.
 Stator: As its name indicates stator is a stationary part of induction motor. A stator winding
is placed in the stator of induction motor and the three phase supply is given to it.
 Rotor: The rotor is a rotating part of induction motor. The rotor is connected to the
mechanical load through the shaft.

The rotor of the three phase induction motor are further classified as
 Squirrel cage rotor,
 Slip ring rotor or wound rotor or phase wound rotor.

Depending upon the type of rotor used the three phase induction motor are classified as:
 Squirrel cage induction motor
 Slip ring induction motor or wound induction motor or phase wound induction motor.

The other parts, which are required to complete the induction motor, are:
 Shaft for transmitting the torque to the load. This shaft is made up of steel.
 Bearings for supporting the rotating shaft.
 To overcome heating problem during rotation, a fan is needed for cooling.
 For receiving external electrical connection, Terminal box is needed.
 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

IDENTIFICATION AND RECTIFICATION OF FAULTS IN AC MOTORS

Troubles with the induction motors are generally divided into two categories. One is the
electrical faults, such as the various faults of switches, buttons, fuses, electric brushes, stator winding,
rotor, starting equipment and so on. The other is the mechanical problems, such as the problems of the
bearing, fan blade, motor frame, coupling, end bell, bearing cover, spindle and so on.

Once the induction motor has any problem, there might be some abnormal phenomena, for
instance, the rising temperature, over current, vibration and abnormal noise and so on. Therefore, learn
about the phenomena, find out the cause, and then troubleshoot it.

4. Observations and Procedures

Fault occurred in Observation of the cause of

Procedure to rectify the Fault
the motor Fault

Blown fuses Replace fuse with proper type and rating

Overload Trips Check and reset overload in starter

Check to see that power supplied agrees with

Improper power supply
nameplate specifications and load factor

Improper line connections Check connections with wiring diagram of motor

This is normally indicated by a humming sound

Open circuit in winding or when switch is closed. Check for loose wiring

Motor fails to control switch connections. Confirm that all control contacts are

start closing.

Check to see that motor and drive turns freely.

Mechanical failure
Check bearings and lubrication

Short circuited stator Indicated by blown fuses. Motor must be rewound

Remove end belts. Locate poor connections with

Poor stator coil connections
test lamp.

Rotor defective Check for broken bars or end rings

Motor may be overloaded Reduce motor load

 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

IDENTIFICATION AND RECTIFICATION OF FAULTS IN AC MOTORS

One phase may be open Check supply lines for open phase

Wrong application Change type or size. Consult motor manufacturer

Overload Reduce load

Motor stalls Check that nameplate voltage is maintained. Check
Low voltage
connection.

Fuses blown. Check overload relay, stator and push

Open circuit
buttons

Motor runs and Check for loose connections to line, to fuses and to
Power failure
then dies down control

Motor is applied for the wrong Consult manufacturer for right application of motor
application

Use higher voltage on transformer terminals or

Voltage too low at motor
reduce load. Check connections. Check conductors
Motor does not terminals because of line drop
for proper size.
come up to speed
Starting load too high Check load motor is supposed to carry at start.

Look for cracks near the rings. A new rotor may be

Broken rotor bars or loose rotor required as repairs are usually temporary not
permanent

Open primary circuit Locate fault with testing device and repair.

Excessive load Reduce load

Motor takes too
Low voltage during start up Check for high resistance. Adequate wire size.
long to accelerate
Defective squirrel cage rotor Replace with new rotor
and/or draws
high current Improve voltage at terminals of transformer by tap
Applied voltage too low
changing.

Wrong rotation Wrong sequence of phases Reverse connections at motor or at switchboard.

 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

IDENTIFICATION AND RECTIFICATION OF FAULTS IN AC MOTORS

Overload Reduce load

Frame or bracket vents may be

Open vent holes and check for a continuous stream
clogged with dirt and prevent
Motor overheats proper ventilation of motor. of air from the motor.

while running
Motor may have one phase Check to make sure that all leads are well
under load
open connected.

Grounded coil Locate and repair

Check for faulty leads, connections and

Unbalanced terminal voltage
transformers.

Motor misaligned Realign

Weak support Strengthen base

Coupling out of balance Balance coupling

Motor vibrates Driven equipment unbalanced Re-balance driven equipment

Defective bearings Replace bearing

Bearings not in line Line bearings up properly

Balancing weights shifted Re-balance motor

Excessive end play Adjust bearing

Unbalanced line Unequal terminal volts Check leads and connections

current during Single phase operation Check for open contacts

normal operation Unbalanced voltage Correct unbalanced power supply

Noisy Operation Air gap not uniform Check and correct bracket fits or bearing.

Rotor unbalance Rebalance

 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

IDENTIFICATION AND RECTIFICATION OF FAULTS IN AC MOTORS

Bent or sprung shaft Straighten or replace shaft

Excessive belt pull Decrease belt tension

Hot bearings
Pulley too far away Move pulley closer to motor bearing
general
Pulley diameter too small Use larger pulleys

Misalignment Correct by realignment of drive

Insufficient grease Maintain proper quantity of grease in bearing

Deterioration of grease or Remove old grease, wash bearings thoroughly in

lubricant contaminated kerosene and replace with new grease.

Hot bearings ball Reduce quantity of grease, bearing should not be

Excessive lubricant
more than 1/2 filled

Overloaded bearing Check alignment, side and end thrust.

Broken ball or rough races Replace bearing, first clean housing thoroughly

5. Precautions

 Care should be taken to avoid shock while testing under live conditions.

 Moist and slippery hands should be avoided while working with tools in troubleshooting.

 Care should be taken to have proper insulation while working with high voltages.

 Care should be taken to make working environment as properly ventilated.