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Thesis Chapter Consigna and Danas
Thesis Chapter Consigna and Danas
Thesis Chapter Consigna and Danas
CHAPTER I
to undergo in order to be proficient to the said course, this was being reported by
Crompton & Burke (2015) on their study about Trends in Learning in Mathematics.
primary and higher education where learners are expected to gain understanding
Blömeke and Delaney (2017) stressed that learning Mathematics is essential hence
mathematics achievement are still evident not only in the Philippine setting but also
Meanwhile, Lim (2020) stated that one of the best methods in making the
mathematics using this method in particular enhances the critical thinking skills of the
systematically present the concepts for easier understanding. This method can be
done in different ways, such as conducting lecture or using prepared modules. Using
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the usual lecture method in solving problems in mathematics is the most commonly
used.
can take the place of a teacher. These self-learning devices help students to learn or
allow also the learner to work at a rate style and level situated to his capacity.
Among the forms of individualized instruction, modules are effective and economical
in developing specific knowledge and skills. Modules induce learning with minimum
teacher direction and supervision. Furthermore, these develop learning and grading
learners and enrichment materials for fast learners. Topics can best be presented
through these self-instructional materials. With the use of one, the student is allowed
ample time and assistance to finish the prescribed learning activity at his own pace
(Race, 2020).
For this reason, the researchers would like to determine the effects of using
of BEED third year college students of Bucas Grande Foundation College (BGFC).
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The covid-19 pandemic was the main reason to the educational system
greater attention should be given to the needs of individual learners, thus the
where individual differences of students in their capacities to learn are taken into
encouraged to question, criticize and argue their point of view. It also develops one’s
this approach is the fact that every student is unique with his own potentials, abilities,
interests, and needs. Thus, no two students can learn the same concepts at the
Rillo (2019) noted that modules induced learning with minimum teacher
of studies.
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directing since it includes instructions on how the various exploration will be pursued
also included is a listing of the materials and other resources that should accompany
and pointed out the advantages of the latter, to wit: modules aroused interest, written
for learner use; give estimate of study time; are designed for a particular audience;
always gives aims and objectives, may have many ways through it; are structured
alert to potential difficulties; always offer summaries; are personal in style; are
content unpacked; have more open layout; always conduct learners’ evaluation;
provide study skills advice; require active response; and aimed at successful
teaching.
are defined to be self-contained and the manner of presentation is such that the
module helps in providing remedial instruction for slow learners and enrichment
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time and assistance to finish the prescribed learning activity at his own pace. The
lesson will surely be enjoyed and the experience gained will be satisfying. The best
that self-instructional materials may come in the form of modules, self-learning kits,
and the like, and are interaction-centered rather than content-centered. These are
written to entice the learner or get the learner interested and involved.
give them a confidence boost. This is possible because the learners are given the
framework within which to think things out for themselves. More importantly, the
learners are given the credit for the newly acquired knowledge which resulted to
built and are structured to meet the learners’ needs. Race (2019) further emphasized
that the main principle underlying the use of self-instructional materials is to make
to large groups wherein few materials and equipment are needed. These can also be
used in regular classrooms, small groups and large settings. However, lecturing is
often described as “unnecessary”, “dull” and a “waste of time”. It was pointed out that
lectures increase the students’ passivity and reduce the students’ role to note-taking
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instead of more active learning. Another critic noted that if a student misses a point
stop and review, as with a book, computer program, or tape (Castillon &Boiser,
2020).
involves classification, exposition, and description of some major ideas that have
been cast into the forms of questions. The fundamental aim of lecture, is to develop
the act of listening and to develop creative thinking and reasoning. It is therefore
experiences of listeners.
learning as indicated by the high achievement scores of the experimental group. The
proposed work text of Navarro (2019) was found out to be suited for second year
BEED students proved that the students are capable of performing better in
Mathematics through the use of Modules. The study of Hena (2020) on the
Education students proved that students are capable of performing better in Math
teaching Fundamentals of Math performed better than the controlled group. The
in her “Experimental Study of Teaching Science through Modules” found out that her
students welcomed the use of modules on account of the following advantages: the
class is not bored because of the extra drill, class can proceed at his own pace
the fast students and he gets more individual attention in times of difficulty. And
students get steady feedback on their progress and more individual attention when
needed.
Laguna. Among others, she concluded that freshman students need instructional
materials that will help them realize and make use of their internal language
Algebra. She mentioned that the proposed instructional modules had titles,
instruction to the learners, rationale, objectives, pretest with answer keys, worksheet
assignment, progress check with answer key and post-test with answer key.
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Aggabao (2020) concluded that modular instruction used at the college for
Basic Mathematics are adequate and are designed for self-instruction; that
Modular Instruction in Teaching Physics” revealed that the use of modules give the
teacher more time to deal with the students on one-on-one basis. She found out that
instruction.
Pupils in Mathematics” mentioned that the experimental group in his study who were
taught using the instructional modules, performed better than the control group who
were taught using the traditional method of teaching. The study of Cavero – Delgado
Precalculus of College Students” proved that the averages of the students in the end
in the computer, showed in the statistical analysis, significant results that allow us to
instruction scored significantly higher than the students in the traditional section on a
posttest of limits. The study of Rizaldo, et. al., (2017) “Comparative Effects of
students performed better and mastered the subject matter using the modular
method of teaching.
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Conceptual Framework
big role in modular instruction. Its main attributes include the individual assuming
responsibility for their own learning, proceeding with activities and materials at their
own level and studying at their own pace. This principle is in consonance with
Thorndike’s law of readiness and law of effect where the law of readiness states that
when a person is prepared to respond or act, giving the response is satisfying and
others’ research which led to the formulation of different principles of teaching and
division of subject matter into small steps and active participation of pupils. The
modular learning approach was based on the constructivism theory of Lev Vygotzky,
this guides educators on how to design themes for modules that would promote
The student bridged the theory-practice gap when they apply in practice what
they have learned in class. This conceptual framework was developed that can serve
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the academic performance of two third year BEED classes of Bucas Grande
1. What is the learning performance of the third year BEED students in modular
and experimental group (modular instruction) based on the post test result co-
Hypothesis
Ho: There is no significant difference in the level of learning performance of the third
year BEED students grouped according to control group (traditional method) and
experimental group (modular instruction) based on the post test result co-variating
the pretest.
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This study will provide new information to the following group of persons:
Students. This study serves as the guide for students on how to improve their
Mathematics.
Instructors. The outcomes of the study help the instructors find methods in
Future Researchers. This study will serve as a guide to the future researchers
Content. This study will focus on assessing the effects of using prepared modules
Subjects. The participants of the said study will be third year BEED students.
Time/Locale. The study will be conducted at Bucas Grand Foundation College, F.Y.
2021-2020.
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CHAPTER II
METHOD
This study presents the research design, sampling design & participants of the study,
Research Design
This research study will utilize the quantitative research approach specifically
two group designs: the experimental and control groups. The experimental group will
be taught using the instructional modules while the control group was taught using
the traditional method. This method is deemed appropriate because the study wants
The participants of this study will be two heterogeneous sections of third year college
students who are taking up Bachelor of Elementary Education. One section will be
classified as controlled group who will be taught using lecture – discussion method
while the other section, the experimental group will be taught using instructional
modules. Both groups will be taught with exactly the same subject matters.
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Research Instrument
This study will use the following instruments: (1) Modules in Problem Solving;
(2) Teacher-made test, test which is used to measure the subjects’ pretest and post-
However, to ensure the content validity of the test, a list of objectives for each
lesson will prepared, a table of specification will be constructed and the researchers
will prepare a 10-item objective type of test. The initial draft of the test will be
submitted for correction to fellow math teacher in the college. The test will be given
to students who already took the course and result will be used for item analysis.
Experimental Procedure
The researchers will send a formal letter of request to the College President
and Dean of College Education asking permission for the researchers to conduct a
study with regard to assessing of effects of using prepared modules for problem
Bucas Grande Foundation College. Also, letter of request will be sent for the
After the approval of the request, the researchers will request the instructor to
handle the classes under experimentation and will discuss on how the process
starting from the pre-test down to the post-test should be done. Two sets of tests will
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be administered to both groups; control and experimental groups. The pretest will be
given before the experimentation will start, and the posttest will be administered after
the following schedule of conducting the research and administering the class
to the students as their pre-test. This pre-test will be given to determine if they were
sufficiently prepared for a course of study. After the administration of pre-test, the
After gathering the data, data will be treated statistically, analyzed and
interpreted.
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Data Analysis
T-test. This will be used in test whether the pretest and posttest mean scores
significantly differ between the two different groups – control and experimental
groups.
if there is significant effect on the level of learning performance of the students co-
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REFERENCES
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APPENDICES
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APPENDIX A
Letter Request to the Principal
August 08, 2017
Madam:
The undersigned are third year college students of Bucas Grande Foundation
College and presently taking up Educational Research 2. They are presently
conducting a study entitled, “Status Implementation of Distance Education and the
Level of Academic Performance of Grade 1 Pupils in Socorro Central Elementary
School: Basis for Intervention.”
In connection to this, they would like to ask permission from your good office to
conduct the study about determining the significant relationship of the status
implementation of distance education and the academic performance of the Grade I
pupils by administering a validated survey questionnaire to the teachers and parents
of the pupils and asking also a copy of the pupils’ GPA for the S.Y. 2020-2021.
Thanking you with gratefulness for your very positive response on this request. Your
favorable action would really contribute much to the success of our research paper.
Respectfully yours,
ANGIE R. ARCULAR
ROVELYN R. RODELA
Researchers
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APPENDIX B
Letter Request to the Grade 1 Teachers
_______________
Class Adviser
SOCORRO CENTRAL ELEM. SCHOOL
Socorro, Surigao del Norte
Madam:
The undersigned will humbly ask your permission to let them conduct a survey
regarding their study entitled, “Status Implementation of Distance Education and the
Level of Academic Performance of Grade 1 Pupils in Socorro Central Elementary
School: Basis for Intervention.”
The selfless sharing of your responses about the study is indeed instrumental to
realize such an academically noble undertaking.
Gratefully anticipating your profound support and generous cooperation. Thank you
very much.
Respectfully yours,
ANGIE R. ARCULAR
ROVELYN R. RODELA
Researchers
Noted by:
ALOHA J. DELAPENA
Adviser
BUCAS GRANDE FOUNDATION COLLEGE
Socorro, Surigao del Norte
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APPENDIX C
Letter of Validation
August 10, 2017
__________________
Research Consultant
Bucas Grande Foundation College
Socorro, Surigao del Norte
Madam:
The undersigned will humbly ask your precious time to spare and validate the
researchers-made lesson plan and questionnaire which intend to use as the
research instrument for the study entitled, “Status Implementation of Distance
Education and the Level of Academic Performance of Grade 1 Pupils in Socorro
Central Elementary School: Basis for Intervention.”
The selfless sharing of your expertise and proficiency especially in the field of
research is indeed instrumental to realize such an academically noble undertaking.
Gratefully anticipating your profound support and generous cooperation. Thank you
very much.
Respectfully yours,
ANGIE R. ARCULAR
ROVELYN R. RODELA
Researchers
Noted by:
ALOHA J. DELAPENA
Adviser
BUCAS GRANDE FOUNDATION COLLEGE
Socorro, Surigao del Norte
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APPENDIX D
Letter of Request to the Parents
Dear parents,
Greetings!
In this regard, they humbly request everyone to answer the instrument with honesty.
Your participation is relevant to the success of the study. A high response rate is
necessary to accurately get ample data for the said study. Please be assured that
your responses will remain completely confidential.
Respectfully yours,
ANGIE R. ARCULAR
ROVELYN R. RODELA
Researchers
Noted by:
ALOHA J. DELAPENA
Adviser
BUCAS GRANDE FOUNDATION COLLEGE
Socorro, Surigao del Norte
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APPENDIX E
Survey Questionnaire
AGE:
GENDER:
___ Male
___ Female
1 2 3 4
PUPILS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS MODULAR LEARNING
APPROACH
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B. Compliance to Activities
D. Study Habits
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Rationale
factors affecting academic performance of the pupils in multigrade class. Also, the
intervention is design to answer the problems that this study found out and provide
solutions and strategies that will serve as the teachers’ guide or administrators’ guide
involved in the intervention. It targeted five areas of identified factors, which included
community in these schools to use, develop and apply such learning intervention
optimally.
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the study;
relationship;
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30
31
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corners of space to
their home. study.
To identify Teacher will Teachers
pupils conduct home Parents and
relationship visitation to , Principals
of their assess the Teache must
parents relationship of rs and conduct
and their the pupils to Pupils parent- Everyday
current their parents. pupils monitoring
Parent grades. counselling and
And tell parents to answers assessment
To motivate to provide the problem on parents’
parents to ample time to and find out supervision
give ample support their also their on their
time in this children relationship. children. Must
studies in education. consume 1-5
their Impose a hours.
children not family day
only in program in
school but school to
also at strengthen
home. family
relationship.
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CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Information
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Name :
Nickname :
Age :
Date of Birth :
Status :
Place of Birth :
Home Address :
Email Address :
Contact :
Educational Background
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CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Information
Name :
Nickname :
Age :
Date of Birth :
Status :
Place of Birth :
Home Address :
Email Address :
Contact :
Educational Background