Analyzing Over Voltages by

Frequency Dependent Line Modeling for Designing Insulation

Coordination of Ultra High Voltage AC System

Hemang Tailor Guide: Prof. S. K. Joshi

Dept. of Electrical Engineering,
Faculty of Tech. & Engg,
M.S. University,
Baroda.
8th Progress Report Seminar : 24th February, 2018
 AIM/OBJECTIVE OF WORK
(as per proposal submitted during registration)

 Study of over-voltages for Ultra High Voltage (UHV) system (1000 KV

& Above) -power frequency temporary over-voltages, slow front over-
voltages, fast front over-voltages & very fast front over-voltages with
their effects on system parameters.

 Analyzing the effect of over-voltages by using Frequency dependent

line modeling of UHV AC system.

 Suggesting Insulation coordination for UHV system, considering

overall approach.

2/19
 SUMMARY OF WORK PRESENTED IN LAST SEMINAR

 Frequency Dependent Line Modeling

 Mathematical Model of System for Transient Analysis

 Transformation of Line Equations

 Development of Equivalent Circuit

 Solution with New Variables

 Equivalent Network For Frequency Dependent T.L. Model

3/19
 OVERVIEW FOR THIS PRESENTATION
 Equivalent Network For Frequency Dependent T.L. Model

 Transient Response of T.L.

 Development & position of Frequency Dependent

Network Equivalent (FDNE)

 Curve Fitting Options

 EMTP model for Substation,T.L for Lightning OV, Surge Ch.

4/19
 EQUIVALENT NETWORK FOR FREQUENCY
DEPENDENT T.L. MODEL

Norton Equivalent Network for frequency dependent T.L. Model

5/19 Impulse Voltage Source e(t) = δ(t), at t = 0, switch is closed

 IMPULSE RESPONSE FACTOR OF T.L.
With

Where α1 (t) & α2 (t) : Impulse Response factor of T.L., which depend on
type of overvoltage & its corresponding frequency range.
 This finally can be used to prepare programmed model.

6/19
 FREQUENCY DEPENDENT NETWORK EQUIVALENT (FDNE)

 Development of effective frequency-dependent model based on

the relationship between the time and frequency domains.

 In the time domain the system impulse response is convolved

with the input excitation.

 In the frequency domain the convolution becomes

multiplication.

 Thus, accuracy of time domain solution depend on

representation of frequency response.

7/19
 DEVELOPMENT OF FDNE
 The development of an FDNE involves
➢ Derivation of the system response to be modeled by the equivalent
➢ Fitting of model parameters (Frequency Domain identification process).
➢ Implementation of the FDNE in the transient simulation program

 For frequency domain identification, required data to

identify model parameters can be obtained either from time
or frequency domain simulation.

 Starting point in the development of the FDNE is the

derivation of the external system driving point and transfer
impedance (or admittance) matrices at the boundary
busbars), over the frequency range of interest.
8/19
 CURVE FITTING OPTIONS
 Time or frequency domain identification techniques are used, as experimental
data is not or rarely available.
 When using frequency domain identification, the required data to identify the
model parameters can be obtained either from time or frequency domain
simulation.
 Transient analysis can be performed to obtain the FDNE by first using the
steady-state time domain signals and then applying the discrete Fourier
transform.

9/19
 POSITION OF FDNE
 Factors influencing the decision of how far equivalent should be
placed from the disturbance :
➢ the accuracy of the synthesized FDNE

➢ the accuracy of the frequency response of the model

components in the transient simulation

➢ the power system topology

➢ the source of the disturbance

➢ Characteristics of Transient Simulation Program

10/19
 EMTP Model for Sub Station

11/19
 MODEL OF T.L. FOR ANALYSING THE LIGHTNING
OVERVOLTAGES

12/19
 MODEL OF SURGE CHARACTERISTICS

13/19
 GOALS ACHIEVED
 After convoluted transformation of Line Equations, Equivalent
Circuit is proposed.

 Solution of Equivalent Circuit with New Set of Variables for

Frequency Dependent Transmission Line Model obtained.

 Transient Response of Transmission Line with related factor is

calculated.

 Frequency Dependent Network Equivalent(FDNE) suggested

 Development & position of FDNE for simulation finalized.

 EMTP model for Substation, T.L ( for analyzing LOV) & Surge Ch.
Attempted – Results are yet to verify.
14/19
 WORK TO BE CARRIED OUT

 Checking Transient Response of T.L. for various Over-

voltages by simulation

 Preparing Program Software for Mathematical Model &

Obtaining Results for Line Insulation Design

 Comparison of Design Results with simulation results for

1200 kv given by EMTP Software.

15/19
 References
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Francis Group, Boca Raton, NewYork.
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16/19
 References
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 References
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THANKS