MS ISO/IEC TR 10037 : 1995

MALAYSIAN
STANDARD
MS ISO 8258 : 1994
ICS : 03.120.30

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SHEWHART CONTROL CHARTS

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STANDARDS & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA

© Copyright

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 MS ISO 8258 : 1994

This Malaysian Standard, which had been approved by the Mechanical Engineering Industry
Standards Committee and endorsed by the Board of the Standards and Industrial Research
Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM) was published under the authority of the SIRIM Board in May,
1994.

SIRIM wishes to draw attention to the fact that this Malaysian Standard does not purport to

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include all the necessary provisions of a contract.

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The Malaysian Standards are subject to periodical review to keep abreast of progress in the
industries concerned. Suggestions for improvements will be recorded and in due course
brought to the notice of the Committees charged with the revision of the standards to which

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they refer.

The following references relate to the work on this standard:

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Committee reference : SIRIM 493/2/14
Draft for comment : D200 (ISC F)
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Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Date of issue Text affected

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MS ISO 8258 : 1994

Committee representation

The Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee under whose supervision this Malaysian Standard was
prepared, comprises representatives from the following Government Ministries, trade, commerce and manufacturer
association and scientific and professional bodies.

Association of Consulting Engineers (Malaysia)

Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers

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Institute of Engineers, Malaysia

Malaysian Motor Vehicle Assemblers Association

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Ministry of Defence

Ministry of Labour and Manpower (Factories and Machinery Department)

Ministry of Trade and Industry (Malaysian Industrial Development Authority)

Ministry of Works and Utilities (Public Works Department)

National Chambers of Commerce and Industry of Malaysia

University of Malaya O
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The Working Group on Quality Assurance which prepared this Malaysian Standard consists of the following
representatives:

Encik Ahmad Shokri Othman (Chairman) Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute

Encik Wan Yusof Wan Abdullah MARA Institute of Technology

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Encik Julien Yuen Institute of Quality Control Malaysia

Encik Tee Heap Chuan Statistics Department

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Encik Mohd Aris Yaacob Malaysian Institute of Purchasing And Materials Management

Encik Boey Hor Meng Defense Research Center (Ministry of Defense)

Encik Gian Singh National Productivity Center

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Encik Louis Savarimuthu Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers

Encik Mohd Tajuddin Mohd Alias Institute of Engineers Malaysia

Encik C.C. Liang Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia

Encik Chin Miew Lim Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia

Encik Rajinder Raj Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia

Cik Rajeswari K. Ramasamy Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia

Cik Noor Faridzah Badaruddin (Secretary) Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia

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 MS ISO 8258 : 1994

NATIONAL FOREWORD

This revised Malaysian Standard was prepared by Working Group on Quality Assurance
under the authority of the Industry Standards Committee for Mechanical Engineering.

This revised Malaysian Standard was adopted in total from ISO 8258 : 1991, Shewhart
control charts. The technical content of this standard is identical to that of ISO 8258 : 1991.
This standard provides the guidance to the use of the Shewhart control chart approach in

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statistical process control method in production.

The user of this standard may also refere to ANSI Z1.3 for supportive information, if

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necessary.

This Malaysian Standard on Shewhart Control Chart supersedes MS 569 : Part 3 : 1978.

Whenever the following words appear in the standard, the words shall be read as stated.

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International Standard as Malaysian Standard.
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 INTERNATIONAL IS0
STANDARD 8258
First edition
1991-12-15

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-.-----___-----.--__I_

Shewhart control charts

Cartes de confide O de Shewhart

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-- --
------- --
-.---.-.-----_--------_I_ --__ --

Reference number
--
----.-.-----.-_--_
-_ -_----_______.._ IS0 8258:1991(E)
IS0 8258:1991(E)

Contents
Page

1 Scope ... ... .... ..... .. ..... .... .. .. . .... ... .. ... ........ .... ...... .... .... .... ..... ... ..... ..... .... .. 1

2 Symbols . .... .... ... ..... .. ... .... ..... ...... ...... ..... .... I..........................,....... 1

3 Nature of Shewhart control charts .. ..... .... ... .. ... ..... .... .... .... ... .... 2

4 Types of control charts ..*.,.....,..,,................................................ 3

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4.1 Control charts where no standard values are given ... .... ..... 3

4.2 Control charts with respect to given standard values ... ......* 3

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4.3 Types of variables and attributes control charts .......... ......... 3

5 Variables control charts .. ..... ........ ... .. ... .... .... ...... .... ... .. ... ..... ... .... 4

5.1

5.2

5.3
Mean (x) chart and range (R) or standard deviations (s)
chart

Control chart for individuals

Control charts for medians (Me)

(X)
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.. .. .. .. .... ..... ...... .. ..... ..... .. ,........,....,............................... .. .. ,... 4

... ..... ... ..... ... .. .... ... ...a..............

.. ..... ..... ... ... ..... .. ... ..... .... .... .... 6
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6 Control procedure and interpretation for variables control
charts .... ..... ..... ..... .... ... .... ...... ...... ...... .... .... .... ... ..... .... ..... .. ...... .... .. 6

7 Pattern tests for assignable causes of variation ... ..... . .. ..... ... .. 7

8 Process control and process capability .. ... .... ..... .... .... .... ..... ... .. 7
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9 Attributes control charts ,...................,..........,............................. 9

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10 Preliminary considerations before starting a control chart 11

10.1 Choice of quality characteristics .... .... ... ..... .. ..... .... .... ...... . ... 11

... .... .. ..... ..... ... ..... .... .... . II

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10.2 Analysis of the production process

10.3 Choice of rational subgroups ...................... ....... ................. 11

10.4 Frequency and size of samples ... .... ... .... ..... ... .... ... .. ... .... .. .. 12

10.5 Preliminary data collection ..... ....... ... ... ..... .... .... ..... ... .... ... .. .. 12

II Steps in the construction of control charts ......a.................... 12

12 Illustrative examples: Variables control charts ... .... ... .... .... .. 13

12.1 x chart and R chart: Standard values given .... .... ... ..... ... .. 13

0 IS0 1991
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without
permission in writing from the publisher.
international Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Gen&e 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland

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 IS0 8258:1991(E)

12.2 x chart and R chart: No standard values given .. .. ... ... ... ... 15

12.3 Control chart for individuals, X, and moving range, R: No

standard values given ... .... ... .... ... .... .... .... .... ... .... .... ... .... .... ... 18

12.4 Median chart: No standard values given ... .... ... .... ..... .... .... 20

13 Illustrative examples: Attributes control charts ................... 22

13.1 p chart and n/3 chart: No standard values given ................ 22

13.2 p chart: No standard values given ...................................... 24

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13.3 c chart: No standard values given ...................................... 26

13.4 Number of nonconformities per unit: zcchart ....... ..... ..... ... . 26

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Annex

A Bibliography ... .... .... ... .... .... ..... .... ... ..... .... ..... .... . .. .... ...... ...... .. .... . 29

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IS0 8258:1991(E)

Foreword

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IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work

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of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee, International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the
work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical

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standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an lnter-
national Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member
bodies casting a vote.
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International Standard IS0 8258 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 69, Applications of statistical methods.
Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.
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