TD : photovoltaic generation one single phase network

I. Presentation of the system

The studied converter is presented in Figure 1.:

Figure 1 : Single-phase photovoltaic system

An energy source is connected to the DC link and provide energy to the DC link capacitance Cdc.
Thus the current supplying the single phase inverter, noted Is, is given by :Is= P/Vdc with P
supposed to be constant. The objective is to design the energy management system which allows
transferring power to the grid.

Hypothesis :
- The losses in the inverter are neglected
- The DC link capacitance value is chosen so that the 100hz voltage undulation due to the op-
eration at unitary power factor is neglectible as regard to its average value.

We set

Notations:
Lac : inductance value,
rac : parasitic serial resistance
Cdc : DC link capacitance,

1.1- take control of the simulation provided. Identify the different functional blocks and their func-
tions
1.2- propose a functional synopsis diagram of the whole control strategy.

II- MPPT Algorithm and control of the PV voltage

2.1- identify the type of MPPT control used;
2.2- we assume that the reference voltage vpvref is a class C2 function. We define the desired error
dynamics on the PV voltage as follows:

Calculate the duty cycle allowing to respect this behavior law. What is the main interest of this con-
trol technique? Propose a design of control parameters K1 K2 K3 .

III. Single phase Inverter Design consideration

- Explain the first condition on the voltage reference value Vdcref which allows the controllability
of the single-phase inverter

- explain the second condition on the voltage reference value Vdcref which allows the transfer the
maximal power with an unitary power factor to the grid.

III. Design of control loops

3.1. Current loop design.

The simplified control scheme is presented in figure 2.

Figure 2 : scheme of the inner current loop.

The transfer function of the resonant current controller is defined by : .

The gains of the voltage and current sensors are supposed to be equal to 1.

3.1.1- Establish the average model of the system

3.1.2- Design the transfer function of the current loop and set the bandwidth of the current
controller near 6000rad:s.
3.1.3- Calculate the equilibrium point and propose a linearized average model of this converter
around the equilibrium point.

3.2.3- Calculate the transfer function  

3.1.4- Deduce from previous calculation, the open loop current transfer function. Thanks to Malab,
design the controller parameters so that the cut off pulsation is equal to 6000 rad.s-1 with a phase
marge greater than 45° and a gain margin greater than 5 dB. Check by numerical simulations the
validity of your design.

3.2. Design of the outer loop.

The simplified control scheme is presented in Figure 3.

Figure 3 : scheme of the energy outer loop.

3.2.1- deduce and justify from simulation file the controller topology
3.2.2- design the energy controller parameters so that the cut off pulsation is equal to 10 rad.s-1 with
a damping ratio equal to 0.7. Which is the main interest of this controller?
3.2.3- Check by numerical simulations the validity of your design.