$#

"#
!

"# $ & !

%& '

( & (
!
$ ! &
$
(

& $ !
) &
*
+
& ! $
&

!
, " #
! $ &

& $
!
&
( ( (

! $ *

-. & $ $/
/

9(
"7 /"6/;<
#:"785
=
9(
01 .

1- 2345 1- 366378"78

=9> = ?,
.
The number of circular permutations of ‘n’ distinct
things taken all at a time is (n — 1)!
A7 C
@
(
B
=

The number of circular permutations of ‘n’ distinct

things taken ‘r’ at a time is C(n,r).(r — 1)!
D( "# C
7DE
The number of circular permutations of ‘n’ distinct
things taken all at a time when anti-clockwise and

clockwise arrangements are same is

A7 BC
(

?
Cases when anticlockwise and clockwise
arrangement are same.
(1). In case of Garland anti- clockwise and clockwise
arrangements are same.

(2). In case of beads of the necklace anti- clockwise

and clockwise arrangements are same.
&

F
2

,IJ
*
G H
 $#
K
*

$7 $L 0!MNM C
7
(

$O
(

$I (

P P$Q
$5

$#
R

( $7 AI(,S C
K
Q?T? C P
$I ( Q?.U C ( ,?TUC

= U C H 9V
9VTU C
=

$W
(

$8 *
*
$4
 P X1#3; A X21 Y<6517 #18<#:<6 S
M
$. $( H
(
(

H ? C
AZ(,S C ( A[(,S C
Z(?,(,=[

A[(,S C H P H [ C
O

I,T[ C

FFL\ HTU]
#Y #4
 H
P
H 9,TQ,TU C =
9,TQ,TU C

(
Y

$ _ H ?,(9`, = ,a
]
&

Qa(,[,T? C
 $U
P$,
%
(
$7

$_
%
$b
( ,UQ
(

d<6#"/<5 5<;</#
e $&
(
1c#
1- ,? (

(
$7
#21
U 5c/: #:3# 71
1-
$P
#:<f 36< /175</c#"d<
(

$5
(

$7
*
g!U
*

$K P
$5 (
,UQ H

e ,
-# I
$5 %

P $7 $65
$I $5
$ % $L
$68 $ %
$D $5 $7 $B
$ % $L $9 . ( .
( ( (
%
$,U

G
*

$O $8 $7 $,U
$ % $4

#37
*
g 3;2345
G
$"6 36<
(
A $%

G (ZQ
*
 $ $ $ $ h i F

$ $ $$

$ $
<3/: 17< 2";; 8<# $$
$$ $
$
,$
3#;<35#

h j% F <3/: 8<# 374

71 (

] /37
$ $ $ $ .

1- 3YY;<5

R R 4%@%
$ ,U
$ $ $ =

1
F
Y
$ $$$
i

$ $ $
$ V
V
$$$$
$$
$ $ $ $ R R $ $

$ $ $
$
 7 (
/1"7

, 3

P P /
( (
. (

,!
/
k

,(
AY (
,S

7EY
(,/f
=

7#Y
(,/f
:"(_3# ( . .
(, lY =7