BDA 14303 : ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY

SEMESTER 2

GROUP 7

SECTION 5

TITLE : AUTOMATIC DOOR OPENING SYSTEM

LECTURER NAME : DR. LEE WOON KIOW

GROUP MEMBERS

NAME MATRIX ID

FATIN HADHIRAH BINTI A HAMID AD210027

ILHAN HAZIQ BIN HASBULLAH AD210105

KHAIRUL IKHWAN BIN KAHARRUDIN AD210031

JANNATUL HUDA BINTI MOHD FAIZAL AD210037

TABLE OF CONTENT

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction to Automatic Door Opener System
1.2 Problem Statement
1.3 Objective

2.0 METHODOLOGY
2.1 Introduction to Methodology
2.2 Circuit Design Process Flowchart
2.3 Circuit Design
2.4 Circuit Component Selection
2.5 Project Improvement/Modification
2.6 Arduino Uno Specification
2.7 PIR Sensor Specification
2.8 Interfacing Arduino Uno With PIR Sensor
2.9 Gantt Chart

3.0 METHOD OF ANALYSIS

3.1 Automatic Door Opening System Circuit
3.2 Automatic Door Opening System and It’s Working

4.0 RESULT
4.1 Calculation

5.0 DISCUSSION

6.0 CONCLUSION

7.0 REFERENCES

8.0 APPENDIX
● Progress 1
● Progress 2
● Progress 3
1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction to Automatic Door Opener System

Technology affects people all over the world, both positively and negatively. Technology
is a general term used to refer to the different tools, machines and equipment we use in everyday
life. During this project, we have to design the technology for an automatic door opening system
using a PIR sensor. An automatic door opener is an easy-access, simple-to-operate system for the
doors of any type of business, industrial or commercial. This project uses a PIR sensor to open or
close the door automatically which senses the infrared energy produced by the human body.
When someone approaches the door, the IR energy sensed by the PIR sensor changes and
activates the sensor to open and close the door automatically. Further, the signal is sent to the
microcontroller to control the door. This sensing signal is fed to a microcontroller to operate a
door motor through the motor driver IC.

This project proposes a system that allows for automatic door opening solutions by
sensing human presence near it. Our system achieves this functionality with the help of PIR
sensors. PIR stands for passive infrared sensors. Every living body emits some infrared energy.
This energy is sensed by a PIR sensor from a good distance. This signal is then processed and the
door is opened and closed based on this data.When a living being arrives within the sensor range,
it detects its presence and sends out a command that opens the door. The door then automatically
closes after a specific time delay if there is no further motion near the door.

The adoption of automated door mechanisms can increase security measures in a

business. Depending on the door type, doors may become operable by security staff personnel
from a single remote-controlled access. This option ensures more control occurs over who enters
and leaves the premises. There is also an option to link other technologies such as alarm systems
to automatic doors. For instance, one can configure doors to automatically open in the event of
an emergency.
1.2 Problem Statement

● Older garage door openers can be vulnerable to thieves.

● Someone with a special device may be able to sit outside your house and find
the code, allowing them to open the garage door.

● There are sometimes automatic door openers, which are helpful to users but
also quite expensive to purchase and install.

● People in wheelchairs encounter accessibility issues with doors every day. It is

difficult to get a door to open, and even harder to hold said door open as one
goes through the door

1.3 Objective

● To design an automatic door opener system that costs cheap and affordable.

● To help people who have difficulty opening the door due to a disability.

● To compromise on hygiene as it does not require the need to touch a doorknob,

handle, or door.

● To appear modern, credible, or professional, an automatic door would only serve to

improve the projected image.

● To make an automatic door opener that can save space and is easy to install.

● To improve the security and functionality of the door.

2.0 METHODOLOGY

2.1 Introduction to Methodology

Methodology is the study of research methods which are systematic, theoretical and
analytical methods that are commonly used for a field of study. In general, a methodology
proposes to provide solutions and a methodology offers a theoretical perspective for
understanding which method, set of methods, or best practices can be applied for the project.
A methodology is a set of ideas or guidelines about how to proceed in gathering and
validating knowledge of a subject matter. In other words, the methodology chapter should
justify the design choices, by showing that the chosen methods and techniques are the best fit
for the research aims and objectives, and will provide valid and reliable results.

This chapter consists of discussion on the design and all of the components that will
be used for the project. The important components of the methodology will be
discussed in detail in the next section. With sufficient data, only then can a study be
conducted properly. To obtain this good data, the research method of the study must be
perfect and follow its own procedure. It is to ensure that the findings of the study produced
later are completely guaranteed in quality. Research methodology refers to the most
appropriate method for conducting research and determining effective procedures for
answering research problems. This chapter covers chapter introduction, study design, data
collection methods, study instruments, data analysis methods to achieve project objectives
and goals. Nevertheless, the subheadings found in this section depend largely on the type of
project being implemented. Some studies may require more detailed discussion regarding
study design and instruments than other studies. Descriptions related to the work process
have been explained in detail in line with the work planning based on Gantt charts.
2.2 Circuit Design Process Flowchart

The figure below explains the overall block diagram of the basic project flow.The
Project flow chart is a graphical aid that is designed with the specific purpose of visualizing
the sequential steps of the process that is followed for managing the project.
2.3 Circuit Design

BEFORE MODIFICATION

AFTER MODIFICATION
2.4 Circuit Component Selection

NO COMPONENTS PICTURES

1. ARDUINO UNO R3

2. PIR SENSOR

3. RESISTOR
4. BREADBOARD

5.
MICRO SERVO

6. LED
2.5 Project Improvement/Modification

2.5.1 Ultrasonic sensor vs PIR sensor

We opted to change the circuit for our project by substituting the motion sensor with a
passive infrared sensor instead of an ultrasonic sensor. A motion sensor is necessary to
automate the operation of the door lock system. The sensor detects any activity that will
occur in front of the door, such as a person approaching it. As a result, the needed sensor
must be capable of detecting movement within a reasonable regulated area. To prevent the
system from being triggered by background activities, the detection range must be reduced.

2.5.2 Ultrasonic Sensor

An ultrasonic sensor is a device that uses sound waves to determine the distance
between two objects. A transmitter and receiver pair make up the sensor. The elapsed time
between the sound wave being generated and the sound wave rebounding back to the receiver
can be used to calculate the distance.

2.5.3 PIR Sensor

Passive Infrared (PIR) is a type of infrared Pyroelectric sensor that measures

quantities of infrared radiation and are used in the sensors. Everything emits some form of
low-level radiation. The more radiation radiated by an object, the hotter it is. A motion
detector's sensor is split in half to detect movement between the two sections. By cancelling
out normal IR levels in the background, the two halves function together. The output will
swing high or low when one half detects more IR radiation than the other, indicating motion.
This sensor is triggered by the heat emitted by the human body, making it one of the most
widely utilised in security and lighting equipment. The Ultrasonic and PIR sensors are
compared side by side in the table below. Because of its higher accuracy in the types of
environments it would be exposed to, as well as the larger detecting angle, the PIR sensor
was determined to be more suitable for our product by analysing the features of each sensor
type.
 TYPE PIR SENSOR ULTRASONIC SENSOR

IMAGE

RANGE 2.2m 2-400 cm

ANGLE 90 degrees for 1m/s 30 degrees

44 degrees for 0.5 m/s

TYPE OF High, low Time that can be converted to distance

INFO

2.6 Arduino Uno Specification

The Arduino UNO R3 is a popular microcontroller board in the Arduino family. This
is the third version of an Arduino board, which was introduced in 2011. The biggest
advantage of this board is that we can replace the microcontroller if we make a mistake. This
board's key characteristics include DIP (dual-inline-package) availability, detachability, and
an ATmega328 microprocessor. This board's programming can be simply loaded using an
Arduino computer programme. This board has a lot of support from the Arduino community,
so it'll be a really easy way to get started with embedded electronics and a lot of other things.
 Arduino Uno R3 Specifications

The Arduino Uno R3 board includes the following specification.

● It is an ATmega328P based Microcontroller

● The Operating Voltage of the Arduino is 5V
● The recommended input voltage ranges from 7V to 12V
● The i/p voltage (limit) is 6V to 20V
● Digital input and output pins-14
● Digital input & output pins (PWM)-6
● Analog i/p pins are 6
● DC Current for each I/O Pin is 20 mA
● DC Current used for 3.3V Pin is 50 mA
● Flash Memory -32 KB, and 0.5 KB memory is used by the boot loader
● SRAM is 2 KBF
● EEPROM is 1 KB
● The speed of the CLK is 16 MHz
● In Built LED
● Length and width of the Arduino are 68.6 mm X 53.4 mm
● The weight of the Arduino board is 25 g

Arduino Uno R3 Pin Diagram

The pin diagram for the Arduino Uno R3 is shown below. It has 14 I/O pins with 14
digits. 6-pins can be used as PWM outputs from these pins. This board has 14 digital
input/output pins, six analogue inputs, a USB connection, a quartz crystal (16 MHz), a power
connector, a USB connection, a resonator (16Mhz), a power jack, an ICSP header, and a RST
button.
Power Supply

An external power supply can be used to power the Arduino, or a USB connection can
be used instead. A battery or an AC to DC adapter is used for the outside power supply (6 to
20 volts). An adapter can be connected to the board by inserting a centre-positive plug
(2.1mm) into the power port. The battery connectors can be inserted into the Vin and GND
pins. The following are the power pins on an Arduino board.

Vin : When the Arduino is powered by an external power supply, the input voltage or Vin is
opposite to volts from the USB connection or else RPS (regulated power supply). This pin
can be used to provide voltage.

5 Volts : The RPS can be used to provide power to the microcontroller as well as other
components on the Arduino board. This can be accomplished by using a regulator to
approach the input voltage.

3V3 : The onboard regulator can create a 3.3 supply voltage, with a maximum draw current
of 50 mA.

GND : GND (ground) pins

Memory

An ATmega328 microcontroller has 32 KB of memory (0.5 KB is used for the boot

loader), as well as SRAM-2 KB and EEPROM-1 KB.

Input and Output

We know that the Uno R3 has 14 digital pins that can be used as inputs or outputs
using operations like pin Mode (), digital Read(), and digital Write() (). These pins operate at
5V, and each digital pin can send or receive 20mA. A 20k to 50k ohm pull up resistor is
included. The maximum current on any pin is 40mA, which must not be exceeded in order to
protect the microcontroller from damage. Furthermore, certain of an Arduino's pins have
specific functions.

Serial Pins

TX (1) and RX (0) are the serial pins of an Arduino board, and these pins can be used
to transfer TTL serial data. The ATmega8U2 USB to TTL chip has equivalent pins that can
be used to link these pins.
External Interrupt Pins

The board's external interrupt pins are 2 and 3, and these pins can be configured to
trigger an interrupt on a rising or falling edge, a low value or a change in value.

PWM Pins

The Arduino's PWM pins are 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11, and produce an 8-bit PWM with
the function analogWrite ().

SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) Pins

The SPI pins are 10, 11, 12, 13, which are SS, MOSI, MISO, and SCK, respectively,
and these will keep the SPI communication going with the help of the SPI library.

LED Pin

A LED is incorporated into an arguing board and is connected to digital pin-13. The
LED will glow whenever the digital pin is high; else, it will not.

TWI (2-Wire Interface) Pins

The TWI pins are SDA or A4 and SCL or A5, which can be used to facilitate TWI
communication using the Wire library.

AREF (Analog Reference) Pin

An analogue reference pin is a voltage applied to the inputs of an analogue i/ps using
the analogue Reference function ().

Reset (RST) Pin

This pin provides a low line for resetting the microcontroller, which is beneficial
when utilising a RST button near shields that would obstruct the one over the Arduino R3
board.

Communication

SPI, I2C, and UART serial communication are among the Arduino Uno's
communication protocols.
UART

The transmitter digital pin1 and the receiver digital pin0 are used by the Arduino Uno.
UART TTL serial transmission is the most common application for these pins.

12C

SDA pin is used for I2C communication with wire library on an Arduino UNO board,
otherwise A4 and A5 pins are used. Both the SCL and SDA are CLK and data signals in this
case.

SPI Pins

MOSI, MISO, and SCK are the three types of SPI communication.

MOSI (Pin11)

This is the pin's master out slave, which is used to send data to the devices.

MISO (Pin12)

This pin is a serial CLK, and the CLK pulse will synchronise the transmission that the
master produces.

SCK (Pin13)

The CLK pulse synchronises the master-generated data stream. For SPI
communication, equivalent pins with the SPI library are used. The ATmega microcontroller
can be programmed directly with the boot loader using ICSP (in-circuit serial programming)
headers.

Arduino Uno R3 Programming

The Arduino Uno R3 may be programmed using the IDE software. A boot loader will
be pre-burned into the microcontroller on the board, allowing new code to be uploaded
without the use of an external hardware programmer. This can be sent via a protocol such as
STK500.
2.7 PIR Sensor Specification

A passive infrared sensor (PIR), commonly known as a motion sensor, is an electronic

device that detects motion in the surrounding environment utilising a pair of pyroelectric
sensors. These two sensors are placed next to one other, and the sensor will engage when the
signal differential between the two sensors changes (for example, if a human enters the
room). It essentially detects movement. With 3V regulator, time delay controller, sensitivity
controller, and BIS001, it has three terminals: GND, VCC, and signal pin.

PIR terminals - GND, VCC, and the signal pin are all connected. The GND pin is the
system's negative pin, and it is connected to the ground. VCC essentially provides 5V to the
pin. The output pin is the signal pin.
2.8 Interfacing Arduino Uno With PIR Sensor

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 microcontroller. It

has a 16 MHz resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an in-circuit system programming
(ICSP) header, and a reset button. It has 20 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used
as PWM outputs and 6 can be used as analogue inputs), a 16 MHz resonator, a USB
connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. PIR connections - Connect the
sensor's GND pin to the Arduino's ground. Connect the sensor's VCC pin to the Arduino's 5V
supply. And connect the signal / output pin to the Arduino board's digital pin 5.

LED connections - Connect the positive terminal of the led to Arduino's digital pin 12. Any
one leg of the resistor should be connected to the negative terminal. The Arduino's GND pin
should be connected to the other leg of the resistor.
PROGRAMMING CODE:

#include <Servo.h>
Servo mydoor;

int ledPin = 12;

int pirPin = 13;
int pirStat = 0;
int pos = 0;

void setup() {
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(pirPin, INPUT);
mydoor.attach(9);
Serial.begin(9600);
mydoor.write(pos);
}

void loop(){

pirStat = digitalRead(pirPin);
if (pirStat == HIGH){
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);

Serial.println("Motion Detected");

for (pos = 0; pos <= 180; pos += 1) {

mydoor.write(pos);
delay(20);
}
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
for (pos = 180; pos >= 0; pos -= 1) {
mydoor.write(pos);
delay(20);
}
}
else {

}
}
2.9 Gantt Chart
3.0 METHOD OF ANALYSIS

3.1 Automatic Door Opening System Circuit

The circuit diagram of an automatic door opening and closing system is shown
below. The circuit is built with an Arduino Uno R3, Red LED, PIR sensor, connecting
wires, Breadboard, 220 Ω Resistor, power supply and Positional Micro Servo.

Automatic door opener

Above is a diagram of the circuit connection for an automated door opener. The PIR sensor in
this situation has three terminals: Ground, Power, and Signal. Pin 13 of the Arduino UNO R3
is directly connected to the Signal pin. A data pin Ground is directly linked to the GND
connector, while Power is connected to the Arduino's digital ports at 5V. On the breadboard,
the cathode LED is linked to the negative terminals while the anode LED is connected to the
D12 pin. The three terminals on a micro servo are identical to those on a PIR sensor (Signal,
Power, and Ground). For opening and shutting the door, the Ground pin is directly connected
to the Arduino's GND terminal. The Signal pin is attached to the D9 pin. A door is powered
by a motor in the circuit shown above.
3.2 Automatic Door Opening System and It’s Working

This automatic door beginning machine undertaking is used to open and near the door
Automatically the usage of the pir sensor. The hardware and software necessities of this
Challenges especially include; arduino uno, pir sensor, the micro servo, LED, resistors and
programming code.

Automatic Door Opening System Block Diagram

This proposed machine uses a PIR sensor to feel the human body movement close to the
door. Normally, a human frame emits infrared power within the form of warmth,That's
detected by means of the PIR sensor from a particular distance. Then the sensing sign is fed
to an 8051 microcontroller to feature a door motor thru motor motive force ic. Whilst a live
body methods the running range of the pir sensor, it sends a signal to open the door. The door
robotically closes with a selected time postponement. If there is no greater movement in the
operating range of a pir sensor. Interrupt symptoms are used via restrict switches to avoid the
motor’s locked rotor situation. Moreover, the proposed device may be developed via
interfacing a counting association to remember the access and go out of human beings at a
selected place.
4.0 RESULT

The "AUTOMATIC DOOR OPENER" project was developed to create an

automated security access solution for household and industrial use. A sensor was used for
the system. The PIC microcontroller accepts the output from the PIR sensor as an input. The
output from the PIR sensor will be continuously monitored by the PIC microcontroller
generating low or high logic. The PIR sensor's output is used to monitor the system. The
motor is a DC motor. The system monitors the room using a temperature sensor. The door
will be open if the temperature is too high. The Automatic Door Opener System with Arduino
Uno R3 and PIR Sensor in action is very straightforward. This project can be thought of as an
addition to the Arduino PIR Sensor and control of a DC motor with a micro servo. The data
out pin of the PIR Sensor becomes high when it senses any movement of a person. Because
this pin is connected to the Arduino, it detects the high signal and recognizes that someone is
approaching the door. The micro servo is then triggered by Arduino to open the door. The
Arduino will engage the motor to close the door after some time (approximately 2 to 5
seconds in this project).

4.1 Calculation

Assume that the voltage is 5V and the resistor is 220 Ohm . Find the current flow.

V=IR — Ohm's Law

5V = I (220 Ohm)
I = 5v/220 Ohm
I= 0.2272 Ampere (A)
5.0 DISCUSSION

Automatic doorways respond to a diffusion of sensors, for example, light, sound,

movement. While brought on, they ship a signal to the door to open. Computerised operators
may be electro-mechanical or electro-hydraulic and are very useful. Mainly at exterior front
doors.

Automatic door opener systems have five key parts:

1. The door – the door is part of a body and whilst a door is hooked up, in particular at
the front door, they're set up collectively. Maximum houses use wood doors but, metal
doorways and frames are getting more popular in houses built in current years.

2. The door operator unit – this element is hooked up to the door and does the actual
work. It will release and open a locked (or unlocked) door, pause to maintain the door open
for front or exit, close automatically, and then return the door to being locked. An awesome
automated door opener have to come up with the choice to extend the time the door is open
and permit the door to be closed with the aid of pushing the far off control again.

3. The automatic strike (latch hollow) – an crucial component that works with the door
operator unit is the automated strike. The way a door typically locks is by way of a bolt in
the body of the door extending out and entering the latch hole in the door frame. This
maintains the door from being opened. With an automatic door, rather than the bolt being
activated to liberate the door, an automated latch hole, known as a strike, opens on one side
so that the lock bolt does not catch on it, and the door can swing open without resistance. The
automatic strike (latch hole) ought to be set up into the door frame. This involves cutting into
the body to feature the mechanical elements and update the usual latch hollow. The latch
is then attached to the automated door opener with a thin cord run through the body.

4. The lock and knob – for folks that are living with a incapacity, or have trouble
manipulating keys and knobs, the problem of the door lock is solved with the automated
door. A door is locked when the bolt extends from the lock at the door into the outlet on the
body. But, the automatic door receives round this through changing the hollow within the
frame with an automated latch. To similarly automate the door and manage get admission to,
a smart lock can be brought, which eliminates keys. Site visitors are given a code to enter on
a keypad that can be deleted in case you now don't want to supply get admission to
(including whilst a caregiver does not work for the person). Remotely, you could liberate the
door for someone using a smart device, and clever Locks can be controlled from in the
domestic the usage of one’s voice.

5. The Remote Control – This is the electronic key. The remote control can be either
handheld or easily mounted on a wheelchair. This high-powered remote device can activate
the door system from anywhere in the home or a short distance outside of the front door, and
many can be activated with fingers, palm, the side of the hand and more. Not all automatic
door openers have a physical fob—some are activated by voice, motion, or from a smart
device.
6.0 CONCLUSION

This project is a simple design of automatic where the PIR sensor serves the main
input function and here arduino use is a microcontroller based on the ATmega328p. Upon the
completion of this project, we have almost fulfilled the objective of our project
AUTOMATIC DOOR OPENING SYSTEM. Our product may be used internationally and
feature many packages primarily based on flow of mass. We have made the undertaking with
nice of our abilities but with further upgrades we can surely grow the capability of our
machine. Although it could appear like declaring The obvious, the project genuinely proves
to be very beneficial for us in all components. The challenge provided us with a possibility of
running in distinct regions of engineering, specifically, digital and software.Our project also
calls for a dependable mechanical system. Because of this we're capable of creating our
mechanical know-how along with electronics & software program Portion. To be greater in
particular, the completion of the undertaking has raised our confidence to a subsequent stage,
where we feel extra assured about our abilities as an engineer. Subsequently, we finish this
mission preceives plenty of revel in and expertise inside the area of automation.
7.0 REFERENCES

1. A. (2021, October 12). Automatic Door Opener System using Arduino and PIR
Sensor. Electronics Hub.
https://www.electronicshub.org/automatic-door-opener-using-arduino/

2. Agarwal, T. (2019, November 25). Automatic Door Opening System using PIR
Sensor. ElProCus - Electronic Projects for Engineering Students.
https://www.elprocus.com/automatic-door-opening-system-project-circuit/

3. Automatic Handicap Door Openers, Commercial Ramps and Door Activation

Switches. (2020, October 1). Disability System. https://www.disabilitysystems.com/

4. Umair, S., & Shah, M. Y. (2018). Mobile Devices and Smart Gadgets in Human
Rights. Information Science Reference.

5. Tan, Y. K. (2017). Energy Harvesting Autonomous Sensor Systems: Design, Analysis,

and Practical Implementation (1st ed.). CRC Press.

6. Zhang, T. (2012). Mechanical Engineering and Technology: Selected and Revised

Results of the 2011 International Conference on Mechanical Engineering and Technology, . . .
in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 125) (2012th ed.). Springer.

7. Automatic Door Opening System. (2021, February 23). Arduino Project Hub.
https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/embeddedlab786/automatic-door-opening-system-d9ea30
8.0 APPENDIX

Progress 1

Date : 08 Jun 2022

Job/ Task PIC Hindrances if any

INTRO JANNA

METHODOLOGY IKHWAN , ILHAN

RESULT IKHWAN

DISCUSSION FATIN

CONCLUSION FATIN

REFERENCES ALL MEMBER

3 REAL WORLD PROBLEM

People in wheelchairs encounter

accessibility issues with doors every
day.

There are sometimes automatic

door openers, which are helpful to
users but also quite expensive to
purchase and install.

The door does not properly open or

close.You could be confronted with
an automatic door that does not
close properly. When you're rushing
to get to work, it's a pain in the
neck.
Progress 2

Date : 15 Jun 2022

Job/ Task PIC Hindrances if any

INTRO Jannatul

METHODOLOGY Ikhwan , Ilhan

RESULT Ikhwan

DISCUSSION Fatin

CONCLUSION Fatin

REFERENCES All member

3 REAL WORLD PROBLEM

People in wheelchairs encounter

accessibility issues with doors every day.

There are sometimes automatic door

openers, which are helpful to users but
also quite expensive to purchase and
install.
All member
The door does not properly open or close.
discussion
You could be confronted with an
automatic door that does not close
properly. When you're rushing to get to
work, it's a pain in the neck.
Circuit Designing & Modification
· Analysed the circuit
· Find the correct component to add in
the circuit
Ikhwan , Ilhan Hard to find the correct
component.
Need to change the certain
component because cannot
put on the simulation

Design the flowchart on how the things

work Jannatul

Do research about the sensor on the Fatin

internet

Start the report writing part: All member

· Introduction

· Methodology
Progress 3

Date : 30 Jun 2022

Job/ Task PIC Others

INTRO Jannatul Done and complete

METHODOLOGY Ikhwan , Ilhan Done and complete

RESULT Ikhwan Done and complete

DISCUSSION Fatin Done and complete

CONCLUSION Fatin Done and complete

REFERENCES All member Done and complete

SIMULATION Ikhwan Success