The different views among the policymakers regarding the concept of a just distribution of the

national cake can be attributed to their varying perspectives on equality, fairness, and individual

entitlement. Each policymaker has a unique perspective on justice and has varied priorities when

it comes to allocating resources. In such a situation, it is critical to stimulate debate, examine

multiple perspectives, and strike a balance that addresses the concerns of all parties.

The policymaker who believes that a just distribution entails equally distributing the national

cake highlights the necessity of equitable treatment and equal access to resources. This viewpoint

is based on the distributive justice principle, which states that fairness is defined as everyone

receiving an equitable portion. This policymaker may argue that in order to establish social

harmony and decrease inequality, a society's wealth should be divided equally among its

members, regardless of individual differences. However, opponents of this approach may argue

that it ignores individual needs, disparities in contributions, and the potential implications of total

equality.

A policymaker who feels that a just distribution entails fairly distributing the national cake may

have a different definition of justice. This viewpoint prioritizes fairness over absolute equality. It

recognizes that individuals have diverse needs, abilities, and situations, and so argues for

resource distribution that recognizes and addresses these disparities. In this context, fairness

could include allocating resources based on considerations such as income, merit, need, or

society contribution. This policymaker may claim that fairness is attained by taking these

elements into account and ensuring that people receive resources that are commensurate to their

circumstances.

The policymaker who believes that a just distribution entail giving everyone his due emphasizes

the concept of individual entitlement. This viewpoint is founded on the notion of retributive

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justice, which holds that individuals are entitled to what they deserve based on their

contributions, efforts, and merits. This policymaker may argue that a just distribution should

recognize and reward hard labor, skill, and individual accomplishments. They may advocate for a

system that rewards work and encourages individuals to reach their full potential. Some may

argue that this approach ignores structural factors and disadvantages that can prevent individuals

from receiving what they genuinely deserve. They may also express concern about the potential

for existing disparities to be perpetuated.

To make progress in a scenario like this, policymakers must engage in open and courteous

discourse. They should have good dialogues, share their points of view, and endeavor to

understand each other's points of view. It is critical to establish points of agreement and to

consider alternative compromises that integrate characteristics of equality, fairness, and

individual entitlement.

One option could be to take a multidimensional perspective to justice that considers several

criteria such as need, contribution, and effort. This approach acknowledges that justice is a

complicated and varied concept and strives to create a balance between numerous values.

Policymakers could create a framework that integrates elements of equality by maintaining a

basic level of resources for all residents while also taking fairness into account when allocating

additional resources based on characteristics such as need and contribution. This strategy

recognizes individual rights while simultaneously eliminating systemic obstacles and

encouraging social cohesiveness.

In order to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the concepts of justice and

distribution, policymakers should interact with professionals, academics, and stakeholders from a

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variety of disciplines, including economics, sociology, and ethics. They can gather empirical

data, carry out impact analyses, and commission studies to help them make decisions.