TABLE OF CONTENT

1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1

1.2 Climate of Ethiopia …………………………………………………………………………………… 2

1.2.1 Factors affecting climate ……………………………………………………………………… 2

1.2.1.1 Elements and Controls of Weather and Climate......................................... 2

1.2.2 Spatiotemporal Patterns and Distribution of Temperature and Rainfall in

Ethiopia .............................................................................................................. 6

1.2.2.1 Spatiotemporal Patterns and Distribution of Temperature in Ethiopia…… 6

1.2.2.2 Spatiotemporal Distribution of Temperature in Ethiopia ………………....... 8

1.2.3 Seasonal and temporal variations…………………………………………………………… 8

1.2.4 Rain fall regions of Ethiopia…………………………………………………………………… 9

1.3 Climate Change and its impact on Ethiopia ……………………………………………… 10

1.3.1 causes of climate change ……………………………………………………………………… 11

1.3.2 Current Trends of Climate in Ethiopia ..................................................... 13

1.3.2.1 Trend in tempreture variablity……………………………………………………… 13

1.3.2.2 Trend in rain fall variablitiy………………………………………………………… 13

1.3.3 Impact of climate change …………………………………………………………………….. 14

1.3.4 Climate Change response mechanisms …………………………………………………… 16

1.3.4.1 mitigation and it’s strategies …………………………………………………………… 16

1.3.4.2 Adaptation and it’s stratagies……………………………………………………………… 16