1. What is the main objective of the study?

The main objective of the study is to explore the relationship between teacher leadership
and teacher self-efficacy with the mediating role of teacher professional learning.

2. Who are the population and sample? What is the sampling procedure?
The population is the different regions of Turkey, sample is public elementary, middle, and
high schools teachers. The sampling procedure is the structural equation model (SEM)

3. How data was gathered?

Data was gathered by employing a cross-sectional quantitative design with data compiled
among public elementary, middle, and high schools across different regions of Turkey.

4. Describe the instrument used. How validity and reliability of the instrument was
established?
The instrument employed is the structural equation model (SEM) to estimate the structural
relationships between teacher leadership capacity at school, teacher professional
learning, and teacher self-efficacy. The results revealed a positive and statistically
significant relationship between all three variables. While the effect sizes for the
relationship between teacher professional learning and teacher self-efficacy, and between
teacher leadership and teacher self-efficacy were small, there was a large effect size for
the relationship between teacher leadership and teacher professional learning.