POPULATION (WORLD & PHILIPPINES)

WHAT IS POPULATION?

POPULATION
Population is the complete set group of individuals, whether that group comprises a nation or a group
of people with a common characteristic.

The world population is growing at about 2% per year, faster than any other period in man’s history.

POPULATION GROWTH IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD

Japan and most of the countries in Europe are now growing relatively slowly, doubling their populations
in 50 to 100 years. Another group of industrialized countries—the United States, the Soviet Union,
Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Argentina—are doubling their populations in 30 to 40 years,
approximately the world average. The pre-industrial, low-income, and less-developed areas of the
world, which account for two-thirds of the world's population, the southwestern Pacific islands (mainly
the Philippines and Indonesia), Africa (excluding European minorities), the Caribbean Islands, and
Latin America (excluding Argentina and Uruguay)—are growing at rates ranging from moderate to very
fast. Annual growth rates in all these areas range from one and a half to three and a half percent,
doubling in 20 to 40 years.

PROBLEMS ON POPULATION GROWTH IN THE

PHILIPPINES
1. ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM

When there is an increase in population there is also an increase in waste materials thrown on the
environment and there is a greater degradation and deterioration of nature.

2. SOCIAL PROBLEM
Over population may result to prostitution, drug addiction, crime, juvenile delinquency, suicide, and
others due to lack of opportunity to have a nice stable job because of too much competition.

3. ECONOMIC PROBLEM

The economists consider population growth a problem because it hinders the country’s effort to satisfy
the needs of the citizens. It cannot meet the subsistence requirement of a growing population,
especially if the government cannot generate sufficient opportunity. If the economic status is not stable
it may not be able to provide more food, housing, medicine, and other materials for subsistence.

4. EDUCATIONAL PROBLEM

It is a perennial problem when the Philippine government cannot provide enough education,
classrooms, school facilities, education materials, even qualified teachers. Even if the government
increases its budget for education, this effort seems futile, and the quality of education deteriorates.

5. HEALTH PROBLEM

The health condition of the people is being affected due to adverse conditions: prevalence of disease
epidemics, and undernourishment.

6. SPIRITUAL AND MORAL PROBLEM

Due to tremendous increase in population, the people become more materialistic and liberalistic. The
morality and spirituality of our young generation seem rapidly declining.

7. FOOD SUPPLY

The rise in population, especially in big cities, has created problems on how to provide for people’s basic
needs such as food, shelter, clothing and other important things.

8. PROBLEM ON DESTRUCTION OF NATURE

Population growth may result to fast deteriorating environmental resources, such as virgin forests.
Agricultural lands are converted into industrial sites. Biodiversity likewise been threatened by forest
destruction and many species are endangered. Due to rapid growth of population, environmental
resources continue to suffer degradation and depletion.

CONSERVATION
WHAT IS CONSERVATION?

CONSERVATION
Conservation is the care and protection of resources so that they can persist for future generations. It
includes maintaining diversity of species, genes, and ecosystems, as well as functions of the
environment, such as nutrient cycling.

Conservation is similar to preservation, but while both relate to the protection of nature, they strive to
accomplish this task in different ways. Conservation seeks the sustainable use of nature by humans, for
activities such as hunting, logging, or mining, while preservation means protecting nature from human
use.

Soil conservation is the prevention of damage or loss on the top most layer of the soil from erosion or
prevention of reduced fertility caused by over usage, acidification, salinization or other chemical soil
contamination.
Slash-and-burn and other unsustainable methods of subsistence farming are practiced in some lesser
developed areas. A sequel to the deforestation is typically large-scale erosion, loss of soil nutrients and
sometimes total desertification. Techniques for improved soil conservation include crop rotation, cover
crops, conservation tillage and planted windbreaks, affect both erosion and fertility.

Water conservation is the practice of using water efficiently to reduce unnecessary water usage.
According to Fresh Water Watch, water conservation is important because fresh clean water is a limited
resource, as well as a costly one. As a homeowner, you’re probably already well aware of the financial
costs of inefficient water use. Conservation of this natural resource is critical for the environment — and
our wallets.

Forest conservation is the practice of planting and maintaining forested areas for the benefit and
sustainability of future generations. The conservation of forest also stands & aims at a quick shift in the
composition of trees species and age distribution. Forest conservation involves the upkeep of the natural
resources within a forest that are beneficial to both humans and the environment. Forests are vital for
human life because they provide a diverse range of resources: they store carbon &act as carbon sink,
produce oxygen which is vital for existence of life on the earth, so they are rightly called as earth lung,
help in regulating hydrological cycle, planetary climate, purify water, provide wild life habitat(50% of the
earth's biodiversity occurs in forests), reduce global warming, absorb toxic gases & noise, reduce
pollution, conserve soil, mitigate natural hazards such as floods& landslides & so on.

Wildlife conservation is the practice of protecting plant and animal species and their habitats. As part
of the world’s ecosystems, wildlife provides balance and stability to nature’s processes. The goal of
wildlife conservation is to ensure the survival of these species, and to educate people on living
sustainably with other species.

KIND OF NATURAL RESOURCES

NATURAL RESOURCES
Materials created and gathered from nature that humans use to survive and satisfy their needs.

TYPES OF NATURAL RESOURCES

1. RENEWABLE RESOURCES
2. NON- RENEWABLE RESOURCES
3. RECYCLED RESOURCES
4. INEXHAUSTIBLE RESOURCES

RENEWABLE RESOURCES
These are the resources that can be used and replaced. these include plants, animals and soil.

Renewable resources include biomass energy (such as ethanol), hydropower, geothermal power, wind

energy, and solar energy.

NON- RENEWABLE RESOURCES

These are the resources that take of millions of years to form. examples of these resources are valuable
metals like gold, silver and copper.
RECYCLED RESOURCES
These are the resources that can be used more than once. examples of these resources are aluminum
which can be used to make containers and then reprocessed and reused.

INEXHAUSTIBLE RESOURCES
These are the resources which are considered inexhaustible because they always have the same amount
present on earth.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to transform our world. They are a call to action to end
poverty and inequality, protect the planet, and ensure that all people enjoy health, justice, and
prosperity.

THE 17 GOALS
1. NO POVERTY

- End poverty in all forms everywhere

2. ZERO HUNGER

- End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture.

3. GOOD HEALTH AND WELL BEING

- Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.

4. QUALITY EDUCATION

- Ensure inclusive and equitable education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.

5. GENDER EQUALITY

- Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.

6. CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION

- Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.

7. AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY

- Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all.

8. DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

- Promote sustained, inclusive, and economic growth, full and productive employment, and
decent work for all.

9. INDUSTRY, INNOVATION, AND INFRASTRUCTURE

- Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and foster
innovation.

10. REDUCED INEQUALITIES

- Reduce inequality within and among countries.

11. SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES

- Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable.

12. RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION

- Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.

13. CLIMATE ACTION

- Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.

14. LIFE BELOW WATER

- Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable
development.

15. LIFE ON LAND

- Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage
forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.

16. PEACE, JUSTICE, AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS

- Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice
for all, and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels.

17. PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS

- Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable
development.

(ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS IN THE PHILIPPINES)

RA 8749 Clean Air Act – This act provides for a comprehensive air quality management policy program
focusing primarily on pollution prevention to create social awareness and active participation in air
quality planning and monitoring.

RA 9729 Climate Change Act of 2009 - Aims to systematically integrate the concept of climate change
into government policies, establishing the framework strategy and program on climate change and for
other purposes.

RA 6969: Philippine Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Act - The act provides
the legal framework for the Philippines to control and manage the importation, manufacture, processing,
distribution, use, transport, treatment, and disposal of toxic substances and hazardous and nuclear
wastes.

RA 9003: Philippine Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 - It provides the legal
framework for the country’s systematic, comprehensive, and ecological solid waste management
program that ensures the protection of public health and the environment.

RA 9275: Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 - This law aims to protect the country’s water bodies
from land-based pollution sources (industries and commercial establishments, agriculture, and
community/household activities).