Yhathematical Yhethods Vhidsem Assignment2 JYlame: Shashi Ke Saha Roll:275090030Ne ae DY b o Te Pave + f [i atan® dx < [ [1+ Wier dx, ¥ueA (here A 1= we C'fab] © wlajysn% 5 Coen lef Lo)= {ite = ou = ee = att ial 'e)- © LCP) 1S Conver For Convexity L(xv.p) , we get LOK VV) % LC Ue We) U= Ue) SE Carte ts) + Ws) BE Caos ) 2P Taleggetng the above inequality from a te b b Pla’) y ‘i Lau, ue) cal *@- Ue) BE Ce stortte ) + SO ws Cashew) > [reve dx % > (Te Ray ee + (o- Wo) BE Cites) da aa 0 66 us) FEC KWo ) doe ————— 5) Usteg, Tabegrebion be paris, we get for us) BE Cx tents) daa = ie Be! wus) )Cy-ue deEq" ct) becomes | f TV dx ta + Usa) dx cm 2) 2 paola jax ee (2 L(x Uoste) )v- Ua dae = [ey de + (o- w)[ 2b - gf (35) de Usirg Euler equafion . BE - fi (25) =0 (Use dmnyds < fF eWay? dx [Proved ] =) "VES" Whedever be +he Choice of Lip) provided +hof it is Conver, then b SPU Gay de < [ie Mayr de {} tRis equetion adit cabisty fon oti veA . Lest ficabron : Lox vv!) % LC# Ue, Us) +e) FF (Hite te) 4 — us) BE pe dots) { Trlegpnoting. Bre above inequalities from o te be, (ae Cry Eoin ona an acm) (S b § Liven) dx 2 t Leuce) dx ee we) 5 (us) + fo we) BE (us) F ? Usteg inteqnarion by pols coll Cancel Phe 2rd 3 ard term of PHS CCaleulaed — albove) fs = Picuses) dx < Piv@)dx27 Three Examples of non-trivial 4 Lizup) =Ginz)p + Cosxdu Bez cesz . a = eind «i (ob) — cal oe ea Euler equation: 2E- Gh (Ze) =0 is sobsfed. art) men ome a Logrergion . Ex 2 Lixuspe) =P = a (2bt)e eon ee (sr) iO Euler equabion « eet AD ae is Sedkished , Ena at tS a CAL Logrerqion . eS L(%U.P) = UPL = aL afar). abet, Beax. $(35)-4 Euler equation 2-H (= is Sodished => LCup.u) is nu Lagrong iang, % vecC'te.bjnA % vectteuJnA % VEC To.LInAx @ Ce up) = acu ire eee { aa ro cama op i tp™ # (3) - £ CE) fam io Tee CaP +Pu) = UP ee) = 2 Wl en HP Ue + Puy —O PF’ | 9 5 aaa gots Euler equation : 2 Gs =o Bue [Gr Pte ere) - ver] = => arcadyer Gary j ple re?) — [Gee's Pn) - Ure? | @ Lixupp= bP Vu) Cie St Nia) Sip ; “4> Hamiltonians is defined os Hur) = LCu.P) — Pp Sein) 0 Her L(x,uP) = L Cusp) > indepandeny of = @ L(~wur) = Ase = LO Pp) 8 J bp ~ Uae Hip) =LaP) — Pp BeCuP) Berea ea u ditr™ i t+er— ra \i+P B) sk act S| oo aA @ L(xu.p) = udtepy = LP) [2 gegeet tates cig 1+P™ Hat) = LOu. Pb) - Pb SeCuP) we we : +P? wa Mtr*5D Yes, two different Lognongians Con be associoted ith the Same Euler-Lagronge Equodion (clea Cree Ce eo T(z, py) =rvep2 +t Claim: L & IT have some Evles -Loqrange: oe e oe > Tae ey sir tl ° e i Euler-Lagrange equation of Ls BE - gh (2b) =0 30-&(qie)=° -[Kar v’ — he ] 2 +e) ae => —Cite*e + PP =O * Beth Lognangion L&T one diffewnt bul sPain euler eqs are Sere (Idea: L&T only differ in the dow of x)6> Lup) = £1) 4 ! Tuy = [ x wey, wary dz b @ Yes it i TRvE thal rewzo vueft ~EGRIY 30 and Eo => Loousr) 70 1 From Coleulus, TCH) = 0 L&wus,p) dx 20 $ @ vinr=0, ¥xETou 1 - Liv) =f LCx, vee), VCR dx ° =f cx,0,0) de = (bors @ |de [uceviry= $017 4 | 3 . Ei 5 de Ea ee @ We nad to find a Sequence ef functions uxxreA such hed Aim, Tun) = 0 d's kYine UKE) 0% & periodic function of hoving period symmefzic obouwt 4. TF wnick is altoaye i a xelO wl clears = Une) = — 2€( 35> an he Ae be Gb) xe(d-d dk] Then \ucxr| < 2- $0 8 nse > f Wye) dee =O We xelo. wm] Now, : y ze(ho 5 -*] Unx=4 —Re-Fe) xe (ahd ant al -t xe [Ae Rom —wle- k) ee(aoee td] if Ree Then Sorcery fan anf (Go) > ta ee = anf (next - an'z? +1 da 4 — n0 =4n (Gr eo 0 ve Gund is a Sepencs of Qrchiore in A and ig, FlinJ=0 - @ whl is He vale of inp I(u) ? Gis 02 Te NSO, UIA (Cy BID) => inf 114120 1%)Alco, fnom Gnd pak exe hove found 4Ps Seq? of fanchrons fusca eth f(un) 0 . Oombinirg G) 8), ox hove Inf 1(u) =0 d ool