UNIT 14

Review

Objectives:
1. Students are able to review the materials previously learned
2. Students are able to demonstrate understanding about future tenses,
active and passive voices, and simple and compound sentences
3. Students are able to talk about future goals and career, extracurricular
activities, and global challenges

I. FUTURE TENSES

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences using I’m going to … / I’m not going to …

Choose from: complain accept not work say try learn

Example: The service in this restaurant is awful. I’m going to complain to the manager.
I'm going to try
1. I haven’t been trying hard enough. From now on ______________________ harder.
I'm going to say
2. I have to make a speech tomorrow, but I don’t know what ____________________.

3. I’ve been offered a job, but ___________________________

I'm not going to accept it. The pay is too low.
I'm going to learn
4. _________________________ a foreign language, but I haven’t decided yet which one.

5. One day, _____________________________

I'm going to work in a global company. It’s my ambition.

Exercise 2. Complete the sentences using will (’ll) / (be) going to

1. Oh, I forgot my wallet. Don’t worry. I’m going to lend you some. (I / lend)
2. I don’t know how to use this. It’s easy. _________________________
I'll show you you. (I / show)

3. I’ve decided to design a new That’s nice. What theme ______________________

you're going to choose

social media campaign. choose? (you / choose)

4. Are you going to the library? Yes, _____________________

I'm going to finish my report. (I / finish)
 5. Has Dan decided what to do Yes. Everything is planned. First,
when he leaves school? he's going to have
______________________________ a holiday for a
few weeks (he / have). Then
he's going to do
______________________________ a management
training course (he / do).

Exercise 3. Read the situations and complete the sentences using will (’ll) / (be) going to

You want some coffee. You go to the kitchen to make some coffee. Offer to your friend.
You say (to your friend): I’m going to make some coffee. Would you like some?

1. You’re speaking to a friend and arranging to meet. You suggest a time and place.
I'll see
You say: ______________________________ you at 9 in the bus stop, OK? (I/see)
2. Your friend is worried because she has lost her student card.
you'll find
You say: Don’t worry. I’m sure _______________________________ it. (you/find)
3. Your laptop is broken. You need to fix it right away. You tell your friend.
I'm going to bring
You say: My laptop is not working. ________________________________ it to the
service center. (I/bring)
4. Andy needs to go to the airport tomorrow, but he doesn’t know how to get there.
You offer to take him.
I'll take
You say: Don’t worry about getting to the airport. ________________________ you
there. (I/take)

Exercise 4. Find the match! Which goes with which?

5. They are building a new skyscraper here. a. He’ll get what he wants. 5.

6. That ceiling looks dangerous. b. I don’t think it will fit in the room. 6.

7. He’s looking very tired. c. It’s going to be a nice day. 7.

8. The furniture is too big. d. It looks as if it’s going to fall down. 8.

9. The weather forecast is good. e. It’s going to be 200 meters high. 9.

10. The class president is very determined. f. I think he’s going to fall asleep. 10.
Exercise 5. Complete the sentences with I’ll + a suitable verb.

1. ‘How are you going to get home?’ ‘I think I’ll take a taxi.’
I'll turn
2. ‘It’s so hot in this room.’ ‘Is it? ____________________ on the air conditioner then.’
I'll look
3. ‘Are you free next Thursday?’ ‘Let me see. ____________________ my schedule.’
I'll stay
4. ‘Are you coming with us?’ ‘No, I think ____________________ here.’
I'll try
5. ‘Can you finish this report today?’ ‘Well, ___________________ , but I can’t promise.’

Exercise 6. Write the verbs in the correct forms using going to + verb1.

Luke and his friend are planning a hiking trip.

are going to rent
Luke Here’s my idea. We _______________________________________________

some hiking gears and go up the mountain. (1. rent)

Andy OK, but how much _________________________________________

is it going to cost? (2. it/cost)

Luke am going to call

I don’t know. I _______________________ the equipment rental and ask, (3. call)
is not going to be
but I’m sure it ________________________ too expensive. (4. not/be)
Are our classmates going to join?
Andy _____________________________________________? (5. our classmates/join)

Luke Yes, I’m sure they are.

are we going to bring
Andy What else _____________________________________________? (6. we/bring)

Luke are going to get

We 7_________________________ some food supplies and raincoats, too. (get)

Exercise 7. Fill in the blanks using Future Simple Tense and the verbs in the box.

hold start reach transform deliver

share understand survey improve launch

is going to launch
1. Our company ______________________ a new social media campaign next month.
will transform
2. In a few years, virtual reality technology ________________ the way we consume media.
3. is going to survey
The marketing department ______________________ their target market next week.
are going to hold
4. They ___________________ a press conference about the new product launch next week.
 is going to deliver
5. The CEO ________________________ the keynote speech at the conference next month.
6. is going to share all the details for the virtual conference next week.
The event planner ________________
7. is going to start
The team ______________________________ a new podcast series starting next month.
8. will reach
If we work hard, we ________________________ our goals before the end of the month.
9. will improve
I'm sure the new facilities ______________________________ our team's productivity.
will understand
10. After the training, the interns _____________________ how to use the new PR software.

II. FUTURE GOALS AND CAREER

Exercise 8. Match the job descriptions with corresponding department.

Work Description Work Department

Setting up and maintaining all Public Relation (PR)
technological systems in a company

Ensuring that all manufacturing Human Resource (HR)

stages run smoothly

Promoting products for Accounts/finance

companies to the market

Dealing with employee relations Legal office

and matters such as hiring staff

Ensuring that all contracts and

company activities are legal Production

Presenting and maintaining a positive Information Technology (IT)

public image for a company

Dealing with money matters, from Marketing

paying bills to projecting sales
Is there any department you aim for in your future career? Try to describe the job description
and write down why you are interested in that department. Share your answer with a partner.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 9. Answer the following questions and discuss the results.

1. What is your biggest goal in life?

_____________________________________________________________________

2. How do you plan to achieve that goal?

_____________________________________________________________________

3. What are your "short term" goals?

_____________________________________________________________________

4. What are your "long term" goals?

_____________________________________________________________________

5. Why are goals important?

_____________________________________________________________________

6. Are you ambitious enough to achieve the goals you set?

_____________________________________________________________________

7. What success have you had in this English class?

_____________________________________________________________________

8. Do you believe that people must work hard to become successful? Why or why not?

_____________________________________________________________________
Exercise 10. Discussion of the future
Talking about what you want to do in the future is a good way to learn about someone's
personality and dreams. Practicing talking about future plans can help you speak English better.
Talk to a partner and take turns asking each other about your plans for the future.

Student A

1 What do you hope for your own future?

2 What fears do you have for the future?
3 What futuristic things from science fiction movies do you want to happen in real life?
4 What will the world's biggest problem be in the future?
5 Do you believe politicians who promise a great future? Why or why not?

Student B

1 Are you optimistic or pessimistic about the future? Why?

2 When you were younger, what did you think about your future?
3 What are your plans for the immediate, near and far future?
4 What technology will we be using in the future?
5 Would you like to live 100 years in the future or the past? Why?

III. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICES

Exercise 1. Decide whether the sentences are written in Active or Passive. Circle the correct
one. The verb forms are printed in bold.

1. They often listen to music. → Active Passive

2. She is reading the newspaper now. → Active Passive

3. These cars are produced in Japan. → Active Passive

4. Alan teaches geography. → Active Passive

5. German is spoken in Austria. → Active Passive

6. The driver was hurt yesterday. → Active Passive

7. You should open your workbooks. → Active Passive

8. Subsidized housing has been built. → Active Passive

Exercise 2. Write the verbs in the present simple passive.

European Airbuses are built by a group of European aero plane makers.

is made
The nose of the plane 1__________________________ by the French (make).
The body of the plane 2______________________
is produced by the Germans (produce).
are provide
The wings 3_________________________________ by the British (provide).
are brought
Then all the parts 4______________________ to one factory in France (bring)
is put
where the plane 5________________________________ together (put). The
then are delivered
finished planes 6______________________ to their customers (then deliver).

Exercise 3. Write the verbs in the past simple passive.

One of the first flying machines was designed by Leonardo da Vinci.

was built
The first real plane 1__________________________ in 1903 (build).
were used
Planes soon became more common, and they 2_________________ in
World War 1 (use). Soon, other ways of using planes
were found
3__________________________________ too (find). Passengers
were carried
4___________________________ on regular flights in 1919 (carry).
Then, airline services developed fast. In 1925, the first hot meals for
were provided
passengers 5_____________________ by a French airline (provide).
The first stewardess 6__________________________________
was employed by an
American airline in 1937 (employ).

Exercise 4. Put the verb into the correct form, present or past, active or passive.
Example:
a. While I was on holiday, my camera was stolen (steal) from my backpack. = Passive
b. While I was on holiday, I lost (lose) my camera. = Active

were employed
1 a Two hundred people ___________________________ (employ) by the company.
employed
b The company _________________________________ (employ) 200 people.
 covers
2 a Water _____________________________ (cover) most of the earth’s surface.
is covered
b How much of the earth’s surface ________________________ (cover) by water?

3 fired
a Bill _________________________ (fire) from his job. He wasn’t very good at it.
resigned
b Sue _______________ (resign) from her job because she didn’t enjoy it any more.

4 do you call
a I haven’t seen these flowers before. What ____________________ (you / call) them?
are they called
b I haven’t seen these flowers before. What _______________________ (they / call)?
am not bothered
5 a It can be noisy living here, but I _________________________ (not / bother) by it.

is not bother
b It can be noisy living here, but it ___________________________ (not / bother) me.

Exercise 5. Without using a by phrase: ‘by somebody’, ‘by people’, ‘by workers’, etc., write a
passive sentence. Example: Somebody has cleaned the room. The room has been cleaned .

1. Active: They are building a new road around the city.

is being built
Passive: A new road ___________________________________ around the city.

2. Active: They have built two new hotels near the airport.
has been built
Passive: Two hotels ____________________________________ near the airport.

3. Active: The meeting is on 15 November. They have changed the date.

has been changed
Passive: The date of the meeting ______________________________________.

4. Active: I didn’t know that somebody was recording our conversation.

was being recorded
Passive: I didn’t know that our conversation ____________________________.

5. Active: Nobody had cleaned the windows for ages.

have been cleaned
Passive: The windows ____________ never ______________________ for ages.
Exercise 6. Identify whether these sentences are active or passive sentences!

1. The press release was written by the marketing team.

a. Active Sentence b. Passive Sentence
2. The new ad campaign was launched yesterday.
a. Active Sentence b. Passive Sentence
3. The company's social media presence has been expanded.
a. Active Sentence b. Passive Sentence
4. The PR team published the new blog post.
a. Active Sentence b. Passive Sentence
5. The video was produced by a local production company.
a. Active Sentence b. Passive Sentence
6. The article was written by a team of reporters.
a. Active Sentence b. Passive Sentence
7. The marketing team created an innovative new campaign strategy.
a. Active Sentence b. Passive Sentence
8. Thousands of followers shared the social media post.
a. Active Sentence b. Passive Sentence
9. The news was broadcasted in several major media outlets.
a. Active Sentence b. Passive Sentence
10. The advertisement was viewed by millions of people.
a. Active Sentence b. Passive Sentence

Exercise 7. Fill in the blanks using Active or Passive voices, pay attention to the time markers
(if any) to decide the Tenses: Simple Present | Simple Past | Simple Future

1. The new product ____________________

is going to be launched (launch) next month by our marketing team.

2. was interviewed
The politician ___________________________ (interview) by the reporters last week.
shoot
3. The film crew __________________ (shoot) the scene on various locations in the city.

4. are managed (manage) by a dedicated team of experts.

Our social media accounts _______________

5. The social media manager __________

posted (post) an announcement on the official account.

6.
was sold
The concert tickets ___________________ (sell) out within minutes of being released.
 7.
was published
The news article __________________ (publish) in major websites around the world.
briefs
8. The graphic designer ___________________________ (brief) for the new brand logo.
is developed
9. The video game __________________________ (develop) by a team of programmers.
is created
10. The viral meme _________________________ (create) by a teenager in their bedroom.

Exercise 8. Rewrite these active sentences into passive! Pay attention to the Tenses!

1. The social media team has created a new viral hashtag campaign.
A new viral hashtag campaign has been created by the social media team
____________________________________________________________

2. The graphic design team redesigned the website.

The website was redesigned by the graphic design team
____________________________________________________________

3. The company is announcing a new product launch.

A new product is being announced by the company
____________________________________________________________

4. The CEO will host the press conference.

The press conference will be hosted by the CEO
____________________________________________________________

5. The public relations team organize the annual event.

The annual event is organized by the public relations team
____________________________________________________________

IV. EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES

Exercise 9. Talk to a partner and take turns asking each other these questions

1. What extracurricular activities do you participate in college?

2. Have you ever joined a club or organization that you didn't expect to like, but ended
up really enjoying?
3. How did participating in extracurricular activities improve your college experience?
4. Do you think extracurricular activities are important for building a strong college
community? Why or why not?
 So, I would like to talk to you about my passions and
activities that I like to do. I really enjoy traveling and listening
to music. For physical activity, I am often invited to play
badminton. It is a great way to stay healthy and to have a very
good time. Apart from that, I would have to say that my
biggest passion is painting. I love to paint and try new things
in the studio. Last week, my paintings were displayed in the
local art exhibitions and some of them were sold!

Exercise 10. Your Turn! Try writing a paragraph about what you enjoy doing and why.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 11. Exploring the Positive and Negative Aspects of Your Passion

Now think about your passion or hobby. You can choose one of the following that suits you, or

write down any hobby that is not in the list.

à Write down the positive aspects of your passion or hobby. For example, if your passion

is cooking, you might write that it allows you to be creative, try new recipes, and share

delicious meals with friends and family.

à Next, write down the negative aspects of your passion or hobby. For example, you might

write that cooking can be time-consuming, expensive, and sometimes stressful.

 Technology Social media Video game Social activities enthusiast
enthusiast enthusiast enthusiast

*/enthusiast/ means a person who has a strong interest in a particular subject or activity

Your Passion:
Positive implication Negative implication
V. SIMPLE AND COMPOUND SENTENCES

Exercise 1. Combine the Sentences using a conjunction to Form Compound Sentences

1. Maya was not satisfied with her costume for the show. She wore it anyway.
yet
__________________________________________________________________
2. Jane called me yesterday. I was not able to answer her call.
but
__________________________________________________________________
3. Tina had to present the paper today. Nancy volunteered to do it.
but
__________________________________________________________________
4. It was raining the whole day. We decided to stay at our dormitories.
so
__________________________________________________________________
5. Nobody knew where to go. We asked some random people for directions to the hills.
so
__________________________________________________________________

Exercise 2. Fill in blanks using correct conjunctions!

Conjunctions and their meaning

but and yet or nor for so
indicate a indicates a choice or connects is similar to indicates a
contrast between offers alternatives negative because and cause-and-
the elements between the statements gives a effect
they connect elements it connects reason relationship

conjunction
1. Should we finish our project tonight,
2. I hurried as fast as I could,
3. The red model was already sold,
4. Milo lives on Oak Street,
5. Their credit was very poor,
should we take a break and
or
continue tomorrow?
yet I still arrived to the class late.
so Kim bought the blue one.
but his brother lives nearby
they decided to buy the
for
brand-new gadget anyway.
Exercise 3. Identify the sentences whether they are simple or compound sentences!

1. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have millions
of active users worldwide.
a. Simple Sentence b. Compound Sentence
2. Digital marketing campaigns can be more effective than traditional advertising
methods, but they also require careful planning and execution.
a. Simple Sentence b. Compound Sentence
3. Public relations specialists are responsible for maintaining a company's public
image, reputation, and relationships.
a. Simple Sentence b. Compound Sentence
4. The success of an advertising campaign depends on various factors, such as
audience targeting, message delivery, and creative execution.
a. Simple Sentence b. Compound Sentence
5. The rise of social media has led to increased connectivity, but it has also given
rise to cyberbullying.
a. Simple Sentence b. Compound Sentence
6. Public relations campaigns can enhance a company's reputation, but they must
be carefully crafted and strategically executed.
a. Simple Sentence b. Compound Sentence
7. Social media platforms has created new opportunities for businesses to engage
with their customers.
a. Simple Sentence b. Compound Sentence
8. Advertising campaigns must have a balance between creativity and practicality,
for they need to be both attention-grabbing and effective at driving sales.
a. Simple Sentence b. Compound Sentence
9. Digital marketing has opened up new opportunities for businesses to reach
global audiences.
a. Simple Sentence b. Compound Sentence
10. PR professionals must be skilled in written and verbal communication, crisis
management, and strategic thinking.
a. Simple Sentence b. Compound Sentence
Exercise 4. Transform these simple sentences into compound sentences using
appropriate conjunction.

1. The movie was a blockbuster hit. The movie broke several box office records.

for
__________________________________________________________________

2. The article was interesting. The article needs more reliable sources.

but
__________________________________________________________________

3. The advertisement was creative. The public does not give good impression.

yet
__________________________________________________________________

4. The video game was challenging. The players spend hours mastering it.

so
__________________________________________________________________

5. The social media post received a lot of likes. The account owner decided to create

more content like that.

so
__________________________________________________________________

6. The show was cancelled. The show was too controversial.

for
__________________________________________________________________

7. The podcast is popular. The podcast has attracted many high-profile guests.

for
__________________________________________________________________

8. The website is user-friendly. The website can be accessed easily.

and
__________________________________________________________________
VI. GLOBAL CHALLENGES

Exercise 5. Choose one of the following topics. Try to share your opinions regarding your
chosen topic. Elaborate the reasons and show examples, if possible.

a. Communication is vital in today's digital age, and digital media platforms have
transformed the way we communicate and interact with anyone anywhere.
b. The rise of social media has led to increased connectivity, but it has also given rise to
cyberbullying.
c. Digital communication has made it easier to connect with people around the world, but
it can also lead to misinterpretation and misunderstanding.

Topic:
___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Challenge

Everybody says that we can’t really predict things about

the future. Of course, that’s true, but there are lots of things we
can be quite sure about. For example, the climate. Scientists
have done lots of research about the climate and now they know
that it’s changing. So, we need to start thinking about what we
can do to help the planet! There are things that we can all do,
to use less energy, and fewer resources. Is there anything you
can do today to help the planet tomorrow? The future isn’t
fixed. We can’t predict it, but we can change it!

Exercise 6. Discuss with a friend possible solutions for these following problems.

Illustration Problem & Vocabulary Proposed Solution

We must work together to stop the
destruction of our forests.

Destruction: [the act of damaging

something badly that it can’t be repaired]

We need to tackle pollution in our rivers.

To tackle: [to deal with the problem]

The traffic in our cities is harmful to the

environment.

Harmful to the environment:

[causing damage to the environment]
Factory emissions are a cause of global
warming.

Global warming:
[the increase in the Earth’s temperature]
Exercise 7. Work with a partner to discuss these questions.

“Global Warming” prompt questions:

1. What comes to mind when you think of global warming?
2. What action should the world take to reduce the dangers of
global warming?
3. Do you think cars should be banned from city centre?
4. Do you think people should recycle bottles? Why or why not?
5. What should we do to increase the awareness about
environmental pollution?

Write a paragraph or more by discussing and answering the questions above:

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________