ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G+4 COMMERCIAL

BUILDING USING E-TABS

1
Saksham Agarwal, 2Rajeev Singh Parihar, 2Abhay Kumar Jha
1
PG student, Department of Civil Engineering, L.N.C.T, Bhopal, M.P, India
2
Professor, Department of civil engineering, L.N.C.T, Bhopal, M.P, India

Abstract: -
There are many studies carried out on analysis of structure using E-TABS and other
softwares in India. In these modern days the commercial buildings are made to fulfil our
basic aspects and better serviceability. It is not an issue to construct a building, anyhow it’s
important to construct an efficient building which will serve for many years without
showing any failure.
This paper aims to finding better analysis for creating load case, applying load
combinations, support reactions & reinforcement of column and beam etc, with the help of
E-TABS and comparing design results with manual calculations as per Indian Standard
Code Books (IS 456:2000, IS 875, SP 16, SP 34, IS 1893). A G+4 storey (with 1 lower
ground floor) commercial building is considered for this study. Analysis is carried out by E-
TABS software and design is done as per Indian Standard guidelines using E-TABS and
manual calculations. Drawing and detailing are done using Auto-Cad as per SP-34.
Key Words: E-TABS, Serviceability, Manual Calculations, G+4 Storey, Indian
Standard, Auto-Cad.
Introduction: -
The term commercial building in Civil Engineering is used to mean a structure having
various components like foundation, walls, columns, floors, roofs, doors, windows,
ventilators, stairs, lifts, various types of surface finishes etc. Structural analysis and design
is used to produce a structure capable of resisting all applied loads without failure during
it’s intended life. Prior to the analysis and design of any structure, necessary information
regarding supporting soil has to be collected by means of geotechnical investigation [1].
This paper presents the analysis and design verification of E-TABS 2018 by calculations
using Indian Standard Codebooks for proposed G+4 general R.C.C commercial building
with an additional lower ground at Ujjain (M.P) as per the relevant codes and standards.
The purpose of this paper is to describe the structure’s functional requirements, loads and
load combinations, material properties and methodology used for analysis and design of
structure [2].
The dimension of the structure is 12.95m×22.48m as it is shown in Fig. 1 and 2 on plot size
18.29m×30.48m. The concrete structure is designed and analysed using Limit State Design
philosophy as per IS 456:2000 on E-Tabs 2018 and manual calculations are used for the
check of design of the structure as per Indian Standards Codebooks [7].
The building which is chosen here is a commercial building of plot area 6000 Sqft.
(557.48 Sqm). It is a G+4 building with an additional lower ground floor containing
commercial spaces at lower ground and upper ground floors with office spaces at 1st to 3rd
floor of the building. The base area is about 3141 Sqft. (292 Sqm.) with total height of 14m
(46 ft.). The building consists of 1 lift 1 main staircase while terrace floor included water
tank and spare room. The safety of the reinforced concrete building depends upon the initial
architectural and structural configuration of the total building [10].
For the part of drafting floor plans Auto-Cad is used. After fixing floor plans structural
framing is followed by defining cross-section for columns, beams in E-Tabs 2018 [3].
Objectives: -
 The main objective of this study is to analyse and design G+4 commercial building
using E-Tabs software and manual method.
 To design structural components like beam, slab, column and footing manually.
 Comparison of results obtained from E-Tabs software with manual method.
 To draw and give reinforcement details of structural components by using Auto-Cad.
Indian Codes and Standards: -
These are the Indian Codes and Standards used for the analysis and design of proposed G+4
R.C.C commercial building.
a) IS 456:2000: - Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete.
b) IS 875 (Part 1): - Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings & structures (Dead load).
c) IS 875 (Part 2): - Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings & structures (Imposed load).
d) IS 1893 (Part 1) 2016: - Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures.
e) SP-16: - Design aids for reinforced concrete.
f) SP-34: - Handbook on concrete reinforcement detailing.
Methodology: -
To achieve the objective of the study, which meets the basic requirements such as safety,
durability, economy, aesthetic appearance, feasibility, practicability and acceptability. We
have to follow the following methodology.
1) Site survey.
2) Soil investigation.
3) Structural planning.
4) Analysis and design in E-Tabs.
5) Verification by manual method.
6) Detailing.
Before any construction work has to be start, a geotechnical site investigation has to be
done which is a part of surveying work and then we must prepare a plan or map of the area
showing topographical details related to design of the structure. In geotechnical
investigation, the engineering properties of soil like water content, density and S.B.C are
calculated by conducting tests in laboratory.
The structural plan and the center line diagram is prepared using Auto-Cad. This center line
diagram is then imported to E-Tab model and the following procedure is followed.

Fig.1 Fig. 2

Fig.3 Fig.4
1.) Defining Properties: -
First of all, we have to define material properties, by selecting define menu then
material properties. Add new material property the concrete of M25 and steel of
grade Fe 415. After that we have to define section properties (the size of structural
components). For our work the size of structural components (beams, columns and
slabs) are taken as per the requirement.
Table 1: Beam Details
Beam No. Size
Beam 1 200x400
Beam 2 200x500
Beam 3 300x500
Beam 4 300x600
Beam 5 300x750
Beam 6 400x1100
Beam 7 400x750
Beam 8 400x900

Table 2: Column Details

Column No. Size
Column 1 200x300
Column 2 200x400
Column 3 200x500
Column 4 300x500
Column 5 300x600
Column 6 400x600
Column 7 400x700
Column 8 400x800

Table 3: Slab Details

Material Concrete
Type Membrane
Thickness 150mm

2.) Assigning properties: -

After defining the section properties of beams, columns and slabs. We have to draw
the structural components using “Draw line” command in “Menu” for beams and
columns in region.
3.) Assigning Supports: -
By keeping the plan at the base of the structure and selecting all the columns and
beam supports, they are assigned by using assign menu i.e., joint/frame s> restraints
(supports) > fixed, or simply supported whatever is necessary as per design.
Fig.5 Front Elevation of Model in E-Tabs. Fig.6 lower ground plan of Model in E-
Tabs.

Fig.7 3D View of Model in E-Tabs.

4.) Defining of loads: -
The design loads shall be calculated as described in I.S Codes (I.S 875 Part I to Ⅴ)
for different loading conditions and different structures.
a) Dead Load consists of self-weight of various structural elements indicated in
the table.
Table 4: Dead Loads as per I.S 875
S. No Items Weight
1. Self-Weight Factor 1.0
2. Slab Load including floor 1.5 KN/m2
finish
3. Wall Load (2.59m Ht.) 10.36KN/m
Clay Brick
4. Parapet Wall Load 4KN/m
(1m Ht.) Clay Brick
5. Wall Load (3.9m Ht.) 15.6KN/m
Clay Brick
6. Stair Case 22KN/m
7. Toilets 7.5KN/m2
8. Roof (including water 3KN/m2
proofing)

b) Live Loads are gravity loads produced by the use and occupancy of the
building or the structures. This includes the weight of all movable loads such
as personal tools, miscellaneous equipment, movable partitions, storage
material etc. Live Loads considered in the structure as per I.S 875 Part-2. Live
loads indicated in following table.
Table 5: Live Loads as per I.S 875 Part-2
S. No Items Weight
1. Live Load (U.G & L.G) 4KN/m2
all the slab
2. Live Load (1st to Roof 3KN/m2
floor) all the slab
3. Corridors & common 4KN/m2
areas
4. Toilets 2KN/m2

5.) Load Combinations: -

Structure has to be designed for both strength and serviceability criteria. For the
strength design, load combinations are used as specified in I.S 456:2000. For safety
under service load conditions the un-factored load combinations as specified in I.S
Codes shall be used for serviceability condition requirements such as member local
 deflections and overall structural deflection checks. Various load combinations used
in this structure are given in following table.
Table 6: Load combinations
Strength Design Serviceability Design
1.5D.L+1.5L.L 1.0D.L+1.0L.L

6.) Analysis: -
After completion of all the above steps analysis was performed and checked for
errors.
7.) Design: -
Once the analysis of the structure is done. The design of all structural elements was
done as per I.S 456:2000 guidelines.
For this we have to go to Design Menu > Concrete Design > Select Design Combo.
After this again go to Design Menu > Concrete Frame Design > Start Design. Then
E-Tabs performs the design for every structural element.

Results And Discussions: -

The tests conducted for soil investigation are core cutter method (Bulk Density), oven dry
test (Water Content) and direct shear test (Shear Parameter).

Table 7: Soil Survey Report

Density 13.2KN/M3
Water Content 13.78%
Cohesion, C 9KN/M2
Angle of Shearing Resistance 20o
Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil 200KN/M2

E-Tabs features an intuitive and powerful graphical interface coupled with modelling,
analytical and design procedures, all integrated using common database. CAD drawings can
be directly converted into E-Tabs Models. Design of steel and concrete frames, beams,
column. Comprehensive and customizable reports are available for all analysis and design
output and construction drawings of framing plans, details and cross sections are generated
for concrete and steel structures.
Since the investigation gone through alive project, the analysis and designing of structural
members are similar either E-Tabs or Manual work. Whereas the input analysis and
designing is same the results are obtained and the values of Shear force & Bending moment
shown in figs.
Fig.8 Elevation after analysis.

Fig.9 3-D View after analysis.

Fig.10 Bending Moment Diagram in E-Tabs.

Fig. 11 Axial Force Diagram in E-Tabs.

 Fig.12 Shear Force Diagram in E-Tabs.

Fig.13 Design check after Analysis.

 Table 8: Design Values of Beams & Columns after Analysis from E-Tabs

Conclusion: -
From the above study and data revealed by manual design as well as software analysis and
design for the structure, we can conclude that calculation by both manual work as well as
software analysis gives almost same result. E-Tabs is perfect software which can be
adopted for analysis and design of R.C.C structures. Usage of E-Tabs software minimizes
the time required for analysis and design.
Analysis was done by using E-Tabs software and successfully verified manually as per IS
456:2000. As the 4-storey commercial building has similar floors, E-Tabs is the perfect
software which can be adopted for analysis and design for such type of buildings.
Calculation by both software and manual method gives almost same results. Use of floating
columns in commercial building is good for more space index and architectural view.
Building with floating columns are not economical as section sizes increases.

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