Nam e ________________________________________ Class _________________ Date _______________

THE FLOW OF ENERGY—HEAT

11.1 SECTION REVIEW

Objectives
• Exp lain th e relation sh ip between en ergy an d h eat
• Distin gu ish between h eat cap acity an d sp ecific h eat

Key Terms
• th erm och em istry • exoth erm ic p rocess • h eat cap acity
• en ergy • h eat • sp ecific h eat cap acity
• ch em ical p oten tial en ergy • u n iverse • su rrou n din gs
• law of con servation of en ergy • system • jou le
• en doth erm ic p rocess • calorie • sp ecific h eat

Key Equations and Relationships

• 1 Calorie ! 1 kilocalorie ! 1000 calories
• 1 J ! 0.2390 cal an d 4.184 J ! 1 cal
q h eat (jou les or calories)
• C ! "" ! """""
m # $T m ass (g) # ch an ge in tem p eratu re (°C)

Part A Completion
Use th is com pletion exercise to ch eck you r u n derstan din g of th e con cepts an d term s
th at are in trodu ced in th is section . Each blan k can be com pleted w ith a term , sh ort
ph rase, or n u m ber.

Th e en ergy th at flows from a warm object to a cool object 1.

is called 1 . Th e en ergy stored with in th e stru ctu ral u n its of 2.

ch em ical su bstan ces is called ch em ical 2 . Th e stu dy of h eat 3.

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ch an ges du rin g ch em ical reaction s an d ch an ges of state is called 4.

3 . Heat en ergy can be m easu red in 4 . Th is u n it is 5.

defin ed as th e am ou n t of h eat n eeded to raise 1 g of water 1 °C. 6.

Th e SI u n it of h eat an d en ergy is th e 5 , wh ich is equ al to 7.

0.2390 cal. Th e 6 of a su bstan ce is th e am ou n t of h eat it takes 8.

to ch an ge th e tem p eratu re of 1 g of th e su bstan ce 1 °C. Su bstan ces

like 7 , with low h eat cap acities, take a sh orter tim e to h eat

u p th an su bstan ces with h igh h eat cap acities, su ch as 8 .

Review Modu le / Ch apters 9–12 57

Nam e ________________________________________ Class _________________ Date _______________

Part B True-False
Classify each of th ese statem en ts as alw ays tru e, AT; som etim es tru e, ST; or n ever tru e, NT.

________ 9. Th e jou le is th e SI u n it of force.

________ 10. En doth erm ic p rocesses absorb h eat from th e su rrou n din gs.

________ 11. Th e law of con servation of en ergy states th at in a ch em ical p rocess,

en ergy is som etim es created an d som etim es destroyed.

________ 12. A system th at loses h eat to its su rrou n din g is said to be exoth erm ic
an d th e valu e of q is n egative.

________ 13. A calorie is defin ed as th e qu an tity of h eat n eeded to raise th e

tem p eratu re of 1 gram of p u re water 1 °C.

Part C Matching
Match each description in Colu m n B to th e correct term in Colu m n A.

Column A Column B
________ 14. Calorie a. system & su rrou n din gs

________ 15. exoth erm ic p rocess b. th e am ou n t of h eat requ ired to ch an ge th e tem p eratu re
of an object by exactly 1 °C

________ 16. h eat cap acity c. 1000 calories

________ 17. system d. th e p art of th e u n iverse bein g stu died

________ 18. u n iverse e. a p rocess th at loses h eat to th e su rrou n din gs

Part D Questions and Problems

An sw er th e follow in g in th e space provided.
19. Distin gu ish am on g th e variou s form s of en ergy: ch em ical p oten tial en ergy,
work, an d h eat.
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20. Th e tem p eratu re of a p iece of u n kn own m etal with a m ass of 18.0 g in creasees
from 25.0 %C to 40 %C wh en th e m etal absorbs 124.2 J of h eat. Wh at is th e sp ecific
h eat of th e u n kn own m etal? Com p are you r an swer to th e valu es listed in Table
11.2 of you r textbook. Wh at is th e iden tity of th e u n kn own m etal?

58 Review Modu le / Ch apters 9–12