History of Global Politics:

Creating an International Order

What to Learn
• Key Attributes
– Countries and
States are
independent and
govern themselves.

– Countries interact
with each other
through diplomacy.
• Key Attributes
– International
Organizations
facilitate these
interactions.

– International
organizations also
take on lives of their
own (WHO, ILO)
• NATION-STATE
CONCEPT
– Relatively modern
phenomenon of
human history.
– Two Non-
interchangeable
terms:
• Not all states are
nations
• Not all nations are
states
NATION
• “Imagined Community”
(Benedict Anderson)
• Limited because it does not go
beyond a given “official
boundary”.
• Rights and Responsibilities are
mainly the privilege and
concern of the citizens of that
nation.
• Has its boundaries
– Ex. Anyone can become
Catholic if one chooses to.
STATE
• Refer to a country and its
government.
• Has four attributes:
– Exercise authority over a
specific population (Citizen)
– Specific Territory
– Structure of Government that
crafts various rules that the
society follows.
– Sovereignty over its territory
• Internal and External
authority
• NATIONALISM facilitates state formation
– In the modern and contemporary era, Nationalist movements
allowed the creation of nation-states
– States become independent and sovereign because of
nationalist sentiment that clamors for this independence.
• Fundamental principles
of modern state politics.
Ano
– INTERSTATE SYSTEM Daw?
– INTERNATIONALISM
TREATY OF WESTPHALIA (1648)
• Origin of the present day concept of Sovereignty.
• This ends the “Thirty Years War”
• Exercise complete control over their domestic Affairs and
swear not to meddle in each other’s affairs
NAPOLEONIC WARS
(1803 - 1815)
– Implemented the
“Napoleonic Code”
– Spreading the
principles of the
French Revolution
(Liberty, Equality
and Fraternity)
– Defeated in the
Battle of Waterloo
by the Prussians and
Anglo.
 Restore the world of
CONCERT OF EUROPE
Monarchial,
hereditary and
religious privilege

Alliance of “GREAT
POWERS”
•UK
•Austria
•Russia
•Prussia
• A system of heightened
interaction between
various sovereign states;
desire for greater
cooperation and unity
among states and peoples.
• Two forms:
– Liberal (Immanuel Kant,
Guiseppe Mazzini)
– Socialist (Karl Marx,
Friedrich Engels,Vlademir
Lenin, Joseph Stalin)
• INTERNATIONALISM is but one window into the broader
phenomenon of globalization. It is also a very crucial
aspect of globalization since global interactions are
heightened by the increase interdependence of states.

• International Relations are facilitated by International

Organizations that promotes global norms and policies.
(UNITED NATIONS)