MODAFINIL 6C

AND
MODAFINIL 12C

DEEYA SHAH

1ST YEAR BHMS STUDENT

SMT. CHANDABEN MOHANBHAI PATEL
HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 What is modafinil?
• Modafinil is a central nervous system stimulant.
• Modafinil is a eugeroic (wakefulness promoting
drug).
• Modafinil acts also as a cognitive enhancer.

What is modafinil prescribed for?

• Modafinil is used to treat:-
- Sleep disorders like narcolepsy, shift-work
sleep disorder, post anaesthesia sedation
and excessive daytime sleepiness.
- Fatigue
- Psychiatric conditions like Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and
Depression.

Route of administration of Modafinil

• Modafinil is administered orally.

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 Chemistry of Modafinil
• Chemical name =
2-Diphenylmethyl-sulfinylacetamide
• Chemical Formula = C15H15NO2S
• Molar Mass = 273.35 g·mol−1
• Enantiomers = Modafinil is a racemic mixture of
two enantiomers, armodafinil ((R)-modafinil) and
esmodafinil ((S)-modafinil).
• Chemical Structure =

Side effects of Modafinil

• The major side effects of Modafinil include: -
- Extreme headaches
- Nausea
- Diarrhoea
- Reduced appetite
- Increased heart rate
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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 - Back pain
- Hypertension
- Anxiety
- Extreme nervousness
- Sweating
- Irrational thoughts
- AFFECTS RENAL FUNCTION
History of Modafinil
• Modafinil was originally developed
in France by neurophysiologist professor Michel
Jouvet and Lafon Laboratories.
• Modafinil originated with the 1970s invention of
a series of benzhydryl sulfinyl compounds,
including adrafinil, which was first offered as an
experimental treatment for narcolepsy in France
in 1986.
• Modafinil is the primary metabolite of adrafinil,
lacking the polar -OH group on its terminal
amide.
• Modafinil has similar activity to the parent drug,
adrafinil, but is much more widely used.

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 • Modafinil being of French origin, it was fielded to
military personnel in the Air Force, Foreign
Legion and Marine infantry during the 1st Gulf
War.
• Since then, armed forces of several countries
including the United States, the United Kingdom,
India and France, have expressed interest in
modafinil as an alternative to amphetamine—
the drug traditionally employed in combat
situations or lengthy missions where troops
face sleep deprivation.
• In 2011, the Indian Air Force announced that
modafinil was included in contingency plans.
• The Canadian Medical Association Journal also
reports that modafinil is used by astronauts on
long-term missions aboard the International
Space Station.
• Modafinil is "available to crew to optimize
performance while fatigued" and helps with the
disruptions in circadian rhythms and with the
reduced quality of sleep astronauts experience.
• Modafinil is the only drug approved by the Air
Force as a "go pill" for fatigue management
(replacing prior use of amphetamine-based
medications such as dextroamphetamine).
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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 • It has been prescribed in France since 1994 under
the name Modiodal, and in the US since 1998 as
Provigil to treat various conditions like
narcolepsy, fatigue and ADHD.

Modafinil in India
• Modafinil is classified as a schedule IV drug.
• It is sold under the name of Modalert that is
available as – 100 mg tablets or 200 mg tablets
• It is a prescription only drug.
Pharmacodynamic Action of Modafinil
1. Modafinil acts as a dopamine reuptake
inhibitor through its competitive inhibition
to cell membrane dopamine transporter
(DAT). This interaction with DAT increases
the dopaminergic tone and is central to its
wake
promoting
effects.
2. Similarly,
modafinil also
binds to
norepinephrine
receptors (NET)
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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 which aids in increasing alertness and
concentration.
3. Activates the release of orexin neuropeptide
and histamine, both of which affect
wakefulness, focus and appetite of the body.
4. Depresses the amygdala activity which is the
fear processing region of the brain.
5. Modafinil sulphone(metabolic product of
modafinil) has anticonvulsant effects.

Pharmacokinetics of Modafinil
• Peak levels reached 2-4 hours after taking it.
• Food slows absorption
• 60% of the modafinil is bound to plasma proteins
• Half life = 10-12 hours
• Metabolized in the liver to form modafinil acid
and modafinil sulphone. Both are inactive in
nature.
• The metabolites are excreted in the urine.

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 AIM

To potentise modafinil in the centesimal scale(6C and

12C) to retains its therapeutic effects and exempt the
side effects.

PROCEDURE
1. Crush Modalert 100mg into a fine powder
2. Weigh 0.1g of the Modalert powder and 9.9g of
sugar of milk
3. Perform the process of Trituration for an hour. Here
we get Modafinil 1C.
4. Take 0.1g of the prepared Modafinil 1C and 9.9g of
sugar of milk.
5. Perform the process of trituration for an hour. Here
we get Modafinil 2C.
6. Weigh 0.1g of the prepared Modafinil 2C and 9.9g of
sugar of milk.
7. Perform the process of trituration for an hour. Here
we get Modafinil 3C.
8. Take 0.1 g of Modafinil 3C powder in a half ounce
bottle
9. To which add 5ml of distil water and 5ml dispensing
alcohol.
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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 10.Give 10 downward succussion strokes.
11. We now get Modafinil 4C .
12. We now take 0.5ml of Modafinil 4C and 0.5ml
dispensing alcohol and perform 10 downward
succussion strokes.
13. Here we get Modafinil 5c.
14. We now take 0.5ml of Modafinil 5C and 0.5ml
dispensing alcohol and perform 10 downward
succussion strokes. Here we get Modafinil 6C.
15. We now take 0.5ml of Modafinil 6C and 0.5ml
dispensing alcohol and perform 10 downward
succussion strokes. Here we get Modafinil 7C.
16. We now take 0.5ml of Modafinil 7C and 0.5ml
dispensing alcohol and perform 10 downward
succussion strokes. Here we get Modafinil 8C.
17. We now take 0.5ml of Modafinil 8C and 0.5ml
dispensing alcohol and perform 10 downward
succussion strokes. Here we get Modafinil 9C.
18. We now take 0.5ml of Modafinil 9C and 0.5ml
dispensing alcohol and perform 10 downward
succussion strokes. Here we get Modafinil 10C.

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 19. We now take 0.5ml of Modafinil 10C and 0.5ml
dispensing alcohol and perform 10 downward
succussion strokes. Here we get Modafinil 11C.
20. We now take 0.5ml of Modafinil 11C and 0.5ml
dispensing alcohol and perform 10 downward
succussion strokes. Here we get Modafinil 12C.

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 RESULT
• A prover group of 30 people were given Modafinil 6C
and Modafinil 12C in a randomised fashion.
• The vehicle used for dispensing both Modafinil 6C
and Modafinil 12c was globules.
• All the provers were given a single dose only(4
globules).
• A thorough history of each of the provers was taken.
• All the provers were within the age group of 18-22.
• 8 of the provers were male and 22 were female.

PROVERS

Males
27%

Females
73%

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 THE PROVERS
CODE SEX POTENCY
01P FEMALE 6C
02P FEMALE 12C
03P FEMALE 6C
04P FEMALE 12C
05P MALE 6C
06P FEMALE 12C
07P FEMALE 6C
08P MALE 12C
09P FEMALE 6C
10P MALE 12C
11P FEMALE 6C
12P FEMALE 12C
13P MALE 6C
14P FEMALE 12C
15P MALE 6C
16P FEMALE 12C
17P FEMALE 6C
18P FEMALE 12C
19P FEMALE 6C
20P MALE 12C
21P FEMALE 6C
22P MALE 12C
23P FEMALE 6C
24P FEMALE 12C
25P FEMALE 6C
26P FEMALE 12C
27P MALE 6C
28P FEMALE 12C
29P FEMALE 6C
30P FEMALE 12C

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
87% OF THE PROVERS THAT TOOK MODAFINIL 6C
SHOWED THE FOLLOWING SYMPTOMS :-
1.ELEVATED MOOD
The provers said that soon after taking the drug they felt
a burst of happiness .Some of the exact words used by
the provers were:-
• “ I feel extremely happy right now”
• “I feel super positive today I just know today is going
to be a good day!”
• “I can’t stop smiling”
• “I just feel like there are good vibes around me”
• “I feel like I am on the top of the world and I never
ever want to get down”
• “Where has this medicine been all my life? I have
never felt this good”
The provers continued to stay in this state of happiness
irrespective of the circumstances that showed up during
their day. They said they felt more in control of their
thoughts and emotions. Some of the exact words used
by the provers were:-
• “ A lot of things happened during the day that would
normally piss me off, but today none of it mattered
and was just feeling happy”

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 • “I felt less irritated today,I felt more in control of my
feelings and I was just happy throughout”
• “I usually overthink a lot during the day but today I
was just happy and my thoughts were crystal clear
no overthinking nothing”
• “Missed my train today while going back home, but I
don’t know how but I am still happy”
The provers said they felt very confident about them
selves. Some of the exact words used by the users were:-
• “I feel like superman”
• “I feel like I can achieve all my goals in one day only”
• “I am the absolute best”
• “I have a test tomorrow and I just know I am going to
top it” ( she did )
• “I am the best and nobody is better than me”
• “I am Wonder Woman bro”
The provers felt less anxious in situations that would
normally scare them or give them anxiety. Some
examples of the provers are:-
• “I felt very calm before and during the test today
even though I hadn’t studied properly for it I was
able to think rationally and answer most of the
questions.”

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 • “I had my driving test today and I was super chill
about it I was freaking out for a week but today I was
extremely chill” (she passed the test)
The provers that have a history of anxiety ALL said they
felt calmer throughout the day. Some of the words they
used were:-
• “I was surprisingly very calm and composed”
• “I was very chill throughout the day no overthinking
nothing it was very nice”
• “It was like suddenly that voice in my head that
would overthink everything decided to shut up for
good”
When the provers were asked about the nature of the
flow of their thoughts they said their thoughts were very
streamlined and not scattered and it suddenly felt like
they could think much clearly.
The provers said they felt “fearless” and were not afraid
of trying out new things and taking risks.
The provers said they all felt very concentrated while
performing a task and they were more efficient than
usual. Some of their exact words were:-
• “I sat to write my biochem journal and I was so
concentrated I didn’t hear the doorbell ring and I
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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 finished writing much faster than usual and my
diagrams looked decent for a change”
• “I was able to study for 2 ½ hours continuously
without taking a break I ended up finishing 2
chapters so fast I didn’t even realise it”
• “I somehow finished 4 Anatomy topics in an hour bro
how?”
• “I finished my whole essay that I wasn’t able to do
for a week in 2 hours wow”
• “Dude I actually felt like studying and I finished
writing 5 answers”
SLEEP
The provers said they slept much better than normal
even though they got less sleep at night. They said they
felt fresh and energised during the day. Some of the
provers exact words were:-
• “I slept like a baby last night”
• “ I have this bad habit of overthinking about my past
before sleeping but I don’t know today I was just
happy and I fell asleep 5-10 minutes after lying
down. No overthinking just good vibes”
• “Slept for four hours last night but I feel like I slept
for 12 hours”

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 • “ I barely slept for 2 hours last night because of the
test but I still didn’t feel drowsy during the day”
• “ I didn’t feel like I need coffee in the morning”

The menstrual cycle remained unaffected of all the

women provers.
Some of the provers said they got a slight headache in
the frontal part of the brain but it subsided by itself in 30
minutes.

PROVERS AND HEADACHES

Got headache, 6

Did not get a

headache, 9

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
SUMMARY OF SYMPTOMS:-
• An elevated mood (used words like good vibes)
• Increased Productivity
• Increased concentration while performing a certain
task (like studying )
• Slept for fewer hours but still felt fresh throughout
the day.
• Increased quality of sleep.
• Felt more in control of their thoughts and emotions.
• Reduced levels of stress and anxiety.

Did not show Modafinil 6C

symptoms
13%

Showed symptoms
87%

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
The provers that were given Modafinil 12C showed little
or no symptoms at all.

MODAFINIL 12C

SHOWED
SYMPTOMS
27%
DID NOT
SHOW
SYMPTOMS
73%

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 • The effects of both Modafinil 6C and Modafinil 12C
lasted for 2-3 days after the dose was given.

TIME TAKEN FOR THE EFFECTS TO

LAST

4 DAYS
1 DAY
7%
17%

3 DAYS
30%

2 DAYS
46%

COMPARISON OF SIDE EFFECTS

10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
LOSS OF NAUSEA INCREASED HEADACHES IRRATIONAL SWEATING
APPETITE HEART RATE THOUGHTS

MODAFINIL 100MG TABLET MODAFINIL 6C MODAFINIL 12C

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 • Overall, Modafinil 6C had a much better effect that
Modafinil 12C.

MODAFINIL 6C VS MODAFINIL 12C

14 13

12

10

6
4
4

0
MODAFINIL 6C MODAFINIL 12C

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1. I would like to thank my college for giving me this
platform and support that i needed to do the
research. Especially my principal Dr.Damania
2. I thank all my teachers for the knowledge they
have provided me with. Special thanks to – Dr.
Sumit Goel, Dr.Divya Menon and Dr.Shyama Bora
for all the support and help they have given me to
do this research.
3. I am extremely grateful for all my friends who
trusted me enough to become a prover for my
research.
4. I thank all my friends and seniors that supported
me throughout this journey and gave me the non-
stop encouragement that I needed. Special thanks
to- Rasika, Atharva, Rohan and Yarish bhai for the
constant support.
5. Lastly, I would like to thank my parents and my
brother who have always been there for me in
both my trials and triumphs. Especially, my
mother who inspires me to become a better
student and eventually a great doctor, everyday.

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Wikipedia
2. Guyton and Hall Textbook of medical physiology 14th
edition.
3. Dr. Sumit Goel’s – Art and Science of Homoeopathic
Pharmacy textbook.
4. Website of National library of medicine

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Research Paper – Potentised Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor