A.V.C.

COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), MANNAMPANDAL,

MAYILADUTHURAI
Affiliated to ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY,
Annamalai nagar.
(NAAC Reaccredited ‘A+’ Grade Institution)
PG & RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

III B.Sc., CHEMISTRY SYLLABUS

(2023 ONWARDS)
For the candidates admitted during 2021
(2021 Batch/Regulations)

CBCS PATTERN

1
 PG & RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI TAMIL NADU – INDIA.

BoS
06-04-2023
10.00 am
Students admitted in the Year 2021

UG III year – Codes / Papers revised-14

New course introduced-1
ODD Semester - 07
Even Semester - 08

2
 III B.SC., CHEMISTRY - 2021 ONWARDS

S. Total
Sem. Courses Hours Credits
No. Credits

1. 21CH 509 CC IX: Theory: Inorganic Chemistry-I 5 5

2. 21CH 510 CC X:Theory: Organic Chemistry-I 5 5

3. 21CH 511 CC XI: Theory: Physical Chemistry-I 4 4

CC XII: Practical-V: Inorganic &

4. V 21CHP 512 5 5 30
Physical Chemistry Practicals
5. EC I: Elective-I Theory : Physical
21CHE 501 Methods And Analytical 5 5
Techniques in Chemistry

6. 21NMCH 501 NMEC I: Medicinal Chemistry 2 2

7. SBC II: Skill Based:

21SCH 502 2 2
Industrial Chemistry

8. 11SSD 501 SSD: Soft Skill Development 2 2

CC XIII: Theory:
9. 21CH 613 5 5
Inorganic Chemistry-II
CC XIV: Theory:
10. 21CH 614 4 4
Organic Chemistry-II
CC XV: Theory:
11. 21CH 615 4 4
Physical Chemistry-II
29
VI CC XVI: Practical-VI:
12. 21CHP 616 4 4
Organic Chemistry Practicals
EC II: Elective- II :
13. 21CHE 602 4 4
Agricultural Chemistry
EC III: Elective-III:
14. 21CHE 603 4 4
Pharmaceutical Chemistry

15. 21NMCH 602 NMEC II: Chemistry in Everyday Life 2 2

16. 21SCH 603 SBC III: Food chemistry 2 2

17. EA II: Extension Activities: 1 1

TOTAL 60

3
SEMESTER - V
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
CORE COURSE- IX INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I
SUBJECT CODE: 21CH 509 SEMESTER-V
HOURS: 75 CREDIT: 5

Course Objectives
1. To Know the compounds of Clathrates, Silicones, Silicates
2. To Understand the Metallic State, Structure of alloys, Semiconductors, Organometallic
compounds
3. To gain knowledge of the Sulphur compounds
4. To Learn the phosphorous compounds.
5. To Know the Metallurgical principles and the Solvents.

UNIT – I (15 Hrs)

Some special classes of compounds:

Clathrates: Examples and structure. Interstitial compounds and Non- stoichiometric compounds.Cage
compounds of phosphorus and its structure.
Silicones: Composition, Raw materials, manufacture, structure, properties and uses.
Silicates: Classification into discrete anions, one, two and three dimensional structures with typical
examples, composition. Uses of Beryl, asbestoes, talc, mica, feldspar, zeolites and ultramarines. Metal
alkyls, coordination polymers and phosphor nitrilic polymers.
UNIT – II (15 Hrs)
Metallic State: Theories of metallic bonding – Electron gas, Pauling and band theories. Packing of
atom in metals (BCC, CCP, HCP)
Structure of alloys: substitutional and interstitial solid solutions -Hume-rothery ratios, crystal defects.
Semiconductors: Extrinsic and intrinsic n-type and p-type semi conductors, structure and uses in
electronic industry .Super conductivity.
Organometallic compounds: Zeisel’s salt, Ferrocene- Structure, preparation, properties and
applications.

UNIT III (15 Hrs)

Sulphur compounds:
Oxides of sulphur: Preparation & properties of mono, di and tri oxides of sulphur.
Oxy acids of sulphur: Peroxymono sulphuric acid, and Peroxydi sulphuric acid
Suphuric acids series- Manufacture of sulphuric acid (contact process), thio sulphuric acid,
pyrosulphuric acid.
Sulphurous acid series – sulphorus acid, hyposulphorus acid, thio sulphurous acid, pyrosulphorous
acid.
UNIT-IV (15 Hrs)
Phosphorous compounds:
Oxides of Phosphorous: Preparation properties and uses of Phosphorous tri oxide and pentoxide
Oxy acids of Phosphorous: hypo phosphorous acids, ortho phosphorous acids. pyrophosporic acids,
calgon, conditioning using calgon and Meta phosphoric acid.
Solvents: classification of solvents- Protic and Aprotic solvents, ionizing and non ionizing, aqueous
and non aqueous solvents. Liq NH3, HF, and HCN as solvents- Reactions such as oxidation, reduction,
acid-base reactions, solvolytic reactions, metathetical reactions in Liq NH 3, HF and HCN
UNIT-V (15 Hrs)
Metallurgical principles: Ore dressing –froth flotation process, electromagnetic separation- leaching,
calcinations, roasting, carbon-reduction method. Extraction of metal by smelting, alumino thermic
method, self reduction method, electrolytic reduction method, Von-Arkel method, hydro metallurgical
process, wet process. Purification or refining of metal - liquation, distillation, cupellation process,
bessimerisation, poling, electrolytic refining, vapour phase method and zone refining method.
Extractive metallurgy of Cr, Ni and Fe.
Course Outcomes: Upon Completion of the course the students will be able
CO1: To explain about the Clathrates, Silicones, Silicates.
CO2: To elaborate the Metallic State, Structure of alloys, Semiconductors, Organometallic compounds
CO3: To illustrate the Sulphur compounds.
CO4: To illustrate the phosphorous compounds
CO5: To explain the Metallurgical principles and Solvents.

REFERENCES:

1. R.D.Madan-“Modern inorganic chemistry” (2009) S.Chand & Co Pvt.Ltd.

2. B.R.Puri & L.R Sharma-“Principles of inorganic chemistry”Shaban Lal, Nagin chand & Co., New
Delhi (2000)

3. P.L.Soni- “Text book of inorganic Chemistry”S.Chand & Co., New Delhi (1999)

4. A text book of Inorganic Chemistry – Satyaprakash

5. James E.Huheey, Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd edition, Harper &. Row,Publishers, Asia, Pte Ltd.,1983.
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
CORE COURSE- X ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I
SUBJECT CODE: 21CH 510 SEMESTER-V
HOURS: 75 CREDIT: 5

Course Objectives
1. To understand the concept of Heterocyclic compounds,
2. To understand Reactions and mechanisms of carbonyl compounds and Photo chemistry of
carbonyl compounds. Molecular rearrangements
3. To know Aromatic nitro compounds, Aromatic amines, Diazonium salts and Cyano
compounds.
4. To learn Amino acids, Proteins and Nucleic acids.
5. To know Carbohydrates, Monosaccharide’s, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides and Vitamins.

UNIT – I (15 Hrs)

Heterocyclic compounds: Introduction- Nomenclature of heterocyclic compounds having not more
than two heteroatoms - Aromatic characteristics – Structure, synthesis, properties, reactions and uses of
5-membered heterocyclic compounds – Furan, Pyrrole and Thiophene - Structure, synthesis and
reactions of 6-membered heterocyclic compounds- Pyridine and Piperidine –Comparison of basicities
of pyridine, pyrrole with amines. Fused heterocyclic compounds - Quinoline, Isoquinoline and
Indole – Structure - synthesis by Skraup, Napieralski and Ficher-indole methods.

UNIT – II (15 Hrs)

Carbonyl compounds: Introduction - Nomenclature - Structure of Carbonyl group - Polarization of
Carbonyl group - Effects of alkyl and aryl groups on the reactivity of carbonyl Group - Acidity of α-
Hydrogen - General method of preparation, properties and uses of Aliphatic and Aromatic carbonyl
compounds.
Reaction and mechanism of Aldehydes and Ketone - Aldol condensation - benzoin condensation -
Perkin reaction - Knovenegel condensation - Claisen reaction - Cannizaro reaction - Reformatsky
reaction - wittig reaction - Haloform reaction - Michael addition - Wolff-Kishner reduction -
Meerwein Ponndorf Verley reduction - Reaction and mechanism of reduction of Aldehydes and
Ketones - Sodium borohydride and Lithium Aluminium hydride.
Photochemistry of carbonyl compounds – Norrish type I and II reactions.
UNIT-III (15 Hrs)
Molecular Rearrangements: Classifications - Intermolecular and Intramolecular rearrangements -
Mechanism with evidence for the following rearrangements - Pinacol – Pinacolone, Benzil – benzilic
acid, Beckmann, Hoffmann, Curtius, Claisen -Schmidt, Fries, Cope and Benzidine rearrangements.
Cyano compounds: Structure – Nomenclature - methods of preparation, physical and chemical
properties of alkyl cyanides and alkyl iso cyanides – comparison of nitriles and Isonitriles.

UNIT – IV (15 Hrs)

Amino acids: Definition - Classification of amino acids based on the structures, chemical nature and
nutritional requirements (Essential and non-essential) - Zwitter ion and isoelectric point - General
methods of Preparation and properties of glycine and alanine.
Peptides: Definition and classification.
Proteins: Definition - classification, properties - structures of proteins: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
and Quaternary structures - Denaturation of proteins - Biological importance of Proteins.
Nucleic acids: Definition - Classification of nucleic acids- DNA and RNA - Watson Crick structure of
DNA - Biological functions of Nucleic acids.

UNIT – V (15 Hrs)

Carbohydrates: Definition - Classification - Mono saccharides - Interconversion of aldoses and
ketoses - Epimerization - Preparation, Structure, Configuration, cyclic structures, properties, Reactions
and uses of glucose and fructose - Mutarotation and mechanisms – structural elucidation of glucose and
fructose. Disaccharides - Structure, Properties, Reactions and uses of Maltose, Sucrose and Lactose –
Polysaccharides - Composition and uses of Starch and Cellulose.
Vitamins: Definition - Classification – sources - Biological Importance - Structural elucidations of
Pyridoxine and Ascorbic acid.
Course Outcomes: Upon Completion of the course the students will be able
CO1: To explain about the preparation, properties and applications of Heterocyclic compounds.
CO2: To elaborate the carbonyl compounds, reactions and mechanisms of carbonyl compounds.
CO3: To identify the different types of Molecular rearrangements, Aromatic nitro compounds,
Amines,Diazonium salts and Cyano compounds.
CO4: To illustrate the basic knowledge of Bio-organic chemistry such as Amino acids,
Proteins and Nucleic acids.
CO5: To categorize the Carbohydrates. Mono, Di and Poly saccharides and Vitamins
REFERENCES
1. Thomas L.Gilchrist- Heterocyclic Chemistry- Sai Printo Pack Pvt.Ltd, 2009.
2. S.P.Bhutani-“Amino acids, Peptides & proteins” Ane books Pvt. Ltd, 2010
3. Soni, P.L. Textbook of Organic Chemistry, 29Th Rev. Ed., Sulthan & Chand Sons: New Delhi,
2019.
4. Bahl, B.S. & ArunBahl, Textbook of Organic Chemistry, 22nd Ed., S.Chand Publishing, New Delhi,
2019.
5. Tewari, K.S, & Vishnoi, N.K. A Textbook of Organic Chemistry, 4 th Ed., S.Chand Publishing,
New Delhi, 2017.
6. Finar. I.L, Organic Chemistry (Vol I) 5th Ed., Pearson India,2005.
7. Sykes,P. A Guidebook to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, 6 Th Ed., Pearson India,2005.
8. Finar, I.L. Organic Chemistry (Vol II), 5th Ed., Pearson India, 2005.
9. Clayden,J.:Greeves, N.& Warren, S. Organic Chemistry, 2 nd Ed., Oxford Universitiy Press,
London,2012.
10. Carey, F. A. Organic Chemistry, 7ThEd., Tata McGraw Hill, New York, 2008.
11. Mc Murry, J.E. Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry, 7 th Ed., Cengage Learning India Edition, 2013.
12. Morrison, R. T., Boyd, R.N. and Bhattacharjee S.K. 2011. Organic Chemistry, Seventh edition,
Pearson Publishers, India.
13. Soni, P.L. and Chawla, H.M. 2014. Text book of Organic Chemistry, Twenty ninth edition.
Sulthanand Chand Company, New Delhi.
14. Thomas L.Gilchrist. 1997. Heterocyclic Chemistry, Third edition. Pearson Education Ltd. Harlow,
United Kingdom.
15. John A. Joule and Keith Mills, 2010. Heterocyclic Chemistry, Fifth edition. Wiley Publishers, New
York, USA.
16. Agarwal, O.P. 2005. Organic Chemistry Reactions and Reagents, Fifth edition. Goel publishing
house, Meerut, India
17. Mukherjee, P.N. 2011. A text book of Organic Reaction Mechanism, Dominant Publishers and
Distributors, India.
18. Bansal, R.K. 2012. Organic Reaction Mechanisms, Fourth Edition. New Age International
Publishers, India.
19. Ahluwalia, V.K., Lalita S.K. and Sanjiv Kumar. 2007. Chemistry of Natural Products, First edition,
CRC press, USA.
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
CORE COURSE- XI PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY – I
SUBJECT CODE: 21CH511 SEMESTER-V
HOURS: 60 CREDIT: 04

Course Objectives

1. To learn about the Electrical conductance and applications of conductance measurements

2. To know the importance of Acids and Bases, Buffers
3. To identify various Types of reversible electrodes
4. To learn about Concentration Cells and Corrosion
5. To know about Solutions and Types of Liquid mixtures

UNIT– I (12 Hrs)

Electrical conductance: Electrical transport and ohm’s law. Conduction in metals and in electrolyte
solutions. Specific conductance and equivalent conductance. Faraday’s Laws of Electrolysis-
Measurement of equivalent conductance. Variation of equivalent conductance with concentration.
Migration of ions and Kohlraush’s law. Arrhenius theory of electrolytic dissociation and its
limitations. Weak and strong electrolytes according to Arrhenius theory. Ostwald’s dilution laws and
its uses and limitations. The conductance at high frequencies - Transport number and Hittorf’s rule –
determination by Hittorf’s and moving boundary method. Applications of conductance
measurements: Conductometric titrations.

UNIT– II (12Hrs)
Acids and Bases: Arrhenius theory of acids and bases and its limitations -Bronsted – Lowry concept
and its limitations, conjucate acid -base pairs and Lewis concept. Factors influencing the strength of
acids and bases. Definition of pH, pOH, pH scale, measurement of pH, relative strength of acids and
bases, definition and derivation of dissociation constants of acids & bases- Ka and Kb, pKa and pKb.
Henderson - Hasselbuch equation, Buffers – Definition and types -Mechanism of buffer action of
acidic and basic buffer.

UNIT–III (12Hrs)
Types of reversible electrodes: Gas/metal ion, metal/metal ion, metal/insoluble salt/anion and redox
electrodes. Electrode reactions. Nernst equation – derivation of cell E.M.F and single electrode
potentials. Reference electrodes – Standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) and standard calomel electrode
(SCE). Standard electrode potentials–sign conventions. Electrochemical series and its significance.
Reversible and irreversible cells. Conventional representation of electrochemical cells. Electro motive
force of a cell and its measurement. Computation of cell emf calculations of thermodynamic quantities
of cell reactions (G, H, S and E)
UNIT– IV (12 Hrs)
Concentration cells – Electrode concentration cells- Amalgam concentration cells and Gas
concentration cells. Electrolyte concentration cells - with and without transport. Liquid junction
potential (LJP). Over voltage and hydrogen over voltage. Determination of pH using hydrogen,
quinhydrone and glass electrode. Potentiometric titrations. Applications of concentration cells. Valency
of ions. Solubility product and activity coefficient. Corrosion – types-chemical and electro chemical
corrosion - theories of corrosion and methods of control.

UNIT-V (12 Hrs)

Solutions - Definition - Ways of Expressing Concentration – Percentage, Molarity, Molality ,
Normality and Mole fraction (Simple problems)- Solutions of Gases in Gases - Henry’s Law -
Solutions of Liquids In Liquids - Solubility of Completely Miscible Liquids - Solubility of Partially
Miscible Liquids - Phenol-Water System - Trimethylamine-Water System - Nicotine-Water System -
Vapour Pressures of Liquid-liquid Solutions - Azeotropes (HCl- water and ethanol water systems)-
Theory of Fractional Distillation - Steam Distillation

Course Outcomes: Upon Completion of the course the students will be able
CO1:To explain Electrical conductance and applications of conductance measurements
CO2:To illustrate the Conductometric titrations and predict the theories of acids and bases.
CO3:To identify the electro chemical reactions and importance of electro chemical series.
CO4:To explain the concentration cells and illustrate potentiometric titrations and types of corrosion
CO5:To categorize ways of Expressing Concentration-Completely Miscible & Partially Miscible Liquids.
Text Book:
Arun Bahl, Bahl B.S and Tuli G.D, 2019. Essentials of physical chemistry, Twenty sixth edition. S.
Chand & Company, New Delhi.

Reference Books:

1. Gurdeep Raj, 2009. Advanced physical chemistry, Thirty fifth edition. Krishna Prakashan Media
(P) Ltd. Meerut, India.
2. Puri B.R, Sharma L.R, and Pathania Madan S. ,2011. Principles of Physical Chemistry, Vishal
Publishing Co., Jalandhar.
3. Madan, R.L. and Tuli, G.D. 2009. Simplified Course in Physical Chemistry, 5th revised and
enlarged edition, S.Chand& Co., New Delhi.
4. Atkins P.W., 2009. Physical Chemistry, (7th edition) Oxford University Press, London.
5. Kundu.N and Jain. S.K. 2000. Physical Chemistry, S. Chand & Company Ltd,New Delhi.
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.SC. CHEMISTRY.
CC – XII PRACTICAL – V INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS
SUBJECT CODE: 21 CHP 512 SEMESTER: V
HOURS: 75 CREDIT : 05
Course Objectives

1.
To learn about the techniques of gravimetric analysis
2.
To understand the method of determination of molecular weight, CST& rate constant.
3.
To learn the fundamentals of determination of cell
4.
To learn about conductometric titrations.
5.
To know about potentiometric titrations
.
GRAVIMETRY:
1. Estimation of Lead as lead chromate.
2. Estimation of Barium as barium chromate.
3. Estimation of Nickel as Nickel - DMG complex.
4. Estimation Calcium as calcium oxalate monohydrate
5. Estimation of Barium as barium sulphate.

ONLY FOR DEMONSTRATION:

1. Estimation of Copper as copper (I) thiocyanate
2. Estimation of Magnesium as magnesium oxinate
3. Estimation of Iron as Iron (III) oxide.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY:
1. Distribution law:
a) Partition coefficient of Iodine between
1. Carbon tetrachloride and water
2. Benzene and water
b) Equilibrium constant of the reaction I2 + I<=>I3
c) Study of association of benzoic acid in benzene
2. Kinetics:
a) Acid catalyzed hydrolysis of an ester (Methyl acetate or ethyl acetate)
b) Rate constant for the reaction between Iodine and persulphate.
3. Molecular weight:
Rast’s method: Naphthalene, m-dinitrobenzene, p-dichlorobenzene, Benzophenone and
biphenyl as solvents.
4. Heterogeneous equilibrium:
a) Critical solution temperature of phenol – water system – effect of impurity
On C.S.T. (NaCl or succinic acid solutions).
b) Simple Eutectic systems: Naphthalene-Biphenyl, Naphthalene-Biphenylamine,
c) Determination of transition temperature of the given substance by thermometric
method(Na2S2O3.5H2O; SrCl2.6H2O; CH3COONa.3H2O ; MnCl2.6H2O,NaBr.3H2O)
 5. Electrochemistry:
a) Determination of cell constant
b) Determination of equivalent conductance, degree of dissociation and dissociation
constant of a weak acid.
c) Perform the following conductometric titrations:
1. Strong acid vs. strong base
2. Weak acid vs. strong base
d) Colorimetry-Validity of Lambert-Beer’s Law
e) Potentiometry Perform the following potentiometric titrations:
1. Strong acid vs. strong base
2. Weak acid vs. strong base
3. Potassium dichromate vs. Mohr's salt

Course outcomes:
After completion of the course, Students will be able to

CO1 : Quantify the metals through gravimetric experiments.

CO2 : Conduct equilibrium experiments.
CO3 : Determine molecular weight.
CO4 : Validate Lambert-Beer’s Law
CO5 : Carry out electrical experiments such as conductometry and Potentiometry titrations.
References:
1. Venkateswaran, V., Veeraswamy, R. &Kulandaively, A.R. Basic principles of practical
chemistry. 2ndEd.,sultan chand& sons: New Delhi, 1997.
2. Gurudeep raj, Advanced Practical Inorganic Chemistry. 13th Ed.;Goel Publishing House:
Meerut (1999)
3. Mumtazuddin, S.& Shailendra Kumar Sinha, Inorganic Lab Manual. Atlantic Publishers &
Distributors: New Delhi, 2009.
4. Khosla, B. D, Garg, V. C. & Gulati, A, Senior Practical Physical Chemistry.R.Chand& Co.:
New Delhi, 2011.
5. Halpern, A. M. &McBane, G. C. Experimental Physical Chemistry. 3rd Ed., W.H.Freeman &
Co.: New York, 2003.
6. Anbusrinivasan.P “Gravimetry and Physical Chemistry Practicals - Concept & Procedures”-
ISBN 978-81-952209-4-6- Nov’ 2021-Shri Publications-Chidambaram.

MARK DISTRIBUTION:
Internal : 40 Ext. Evaluation : 60
Gravimetry : 30
Physical : 20 And Record : 10
Total Marks: 60
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
EC I - ELECTIVE PAPER – I PHYSICAL METHODS AND ANALYTICAL TECNNIQUES
IN CHEMISTRY

SUBJECT CODE: 21CHE 501 SEMESTER-V

HOURS: 75 CREDIT: 05

Course Objectives

1. To understand about laboratory hygiene and safety

2. To know the importance of gravimetric analysis
3. To gain knowledge about basics of molecular, microwave and UV spectroscopy
4. To learn about the principle, instrumentation and applications of IR, NMR spectroscopy
5. To know about the mass spectroscopy

UNIT – I (15 Hrs)

Laboratory Hygiene and safety: Storage and handling of corrosive, flammable, explosive, toxic,
carcinogenic and poisonous chemicals. Simple first aid procedures for accidents involving acids,
alkalies, bromine, burns and cut by glass. Threshold vapour concentration -safe limits. Waste disposal
and fume disposal.
Evaluation of analytical data: The Mean-significant numbers, the median-precision, accuracy-
confidence limits, standard deviation. Errors-types, method for improving accuracy-rejection of data-
presentation of tabulated data-Scatter diagram –method of least squares- S.I. units.
Separation Methods: Chromatography – Basic principles, adsorption partition and ion exchange –
column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, paper chromatography.

UNIT – II (12 Hrs)

Gravimetric Analysis: Gravimetric analysis - principles-methods of gravimetric
analysis -requirement of gravimetric analysis-precipitation-theories of precipitation.
Types of precipitation – co–precipitation, post precipitation – and precipitation from homogeneous
solution-digestion, filtration and washing, drying and ignition. Inorganic and organic precipitating agents.
Thermo analytical techniques: TGA principle-Instrumentation – TGA analysis of CaC2O4. H2O &
CuSO4.5H2O; Differential thermal analysis-principle Instrumentation -DTA of CaC2O4.H2O.-factors
affecting TGA & DTA.
Thermometric titrations (HCl x NaOH)
UNIT – III (15 Hrs)
Molecular spectroscopy: Electromagnetic radiation, interaction of Electromagnetic radiation with
molecules and quantization of different forms of energies in molecules. (Translational, rotational,
Vibrational and electronic) conditions of energy of absorption of various types of spectra.
Microwave spectroscopy: Theory of microwave spectroscopy – effect of isotopic substitutions and –
Calculation of individual bond lengths in polyatomic molecules.
UV-Visible Spectrometry: Basic principles, Instrumentation, Theory of electronic spectroscopy, types
of electronic transitions-absorption and intensity shift, types of absorption bands, Woodward –Fieser
rules for calculating absorption maximum in conjugated dienes, Frank – Condon principle,
predissociation. Applications.

UNIT – IV (15 Hrs)

Infrared Spectrometry: Basic principles, Instrumentation, Theory of molecular vibrations, types of
vibration, number of fundamental vibrations, factors influencing vibrational frequencies, selection
rules, calculation of force constants, - Finger print region, Applications.
NMR spectroscopy: Principle, Instrumentation, number of signals, chemical shift, shielding and
desheilding effects, factors affecting chemical shift, splitting of signals-spin-spin coupling – coupling
constant (J) –– NMR Spectrum of simple organic compounds

UNIT – V (15 Hrs)

Mass Spectrometry – Principle- Instrumentation - measurement techniques – (EI, CI, FD, FAB,
SIMS) –molecular ions-– isotope ions – simple and multicentre fragmentation – fragment ions -
Nitrogen rule – factors affecting cleavage patterns – McLafferty rearrangement – Retro Diels–Alder
fragmentation. Mass spectra of hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids,
and amines.

Course outcomes: After completion of the course, Students will be able to

CO1. Familiarization with laboratory hygiene and safety, errors and statistical methods, apply various
chromatographic techniques.
CO2. Describe gravimetric and thermal analysis.
CO3. Gain the knowledge about basics of molecular, microwave and UV spectroscopy
CO4. Understand the principle, instrumentation and applications of IR NMR and mass spectroscopy.
CO5. Recognize the principle, instrumentation and applications of mass spectroscopy
References:
1. Gopalan, R., Subramanian, P.S., Rangarajan, K. Elements of Analytical Chemistry. 3rd Rev. Ed.,
Sultan Chand & Sons: New Delhi, 2007.
2. Sharma, B.K, Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis. Goel Publishing House: Meerut,
1997.
3. Christain, G. D. Analytical Chemistry. 6Th Ed., Wiley India: New Delhi, 2017.
4. David kirupadanam, G.L., Vijayaprasad, D., Varaprasad, K., Reddy. K.L.N., Sudhakar, C.
Analytical Chemistry, 1st Ed.: University Press India Pvt. Ltd.: Hyderabad, 2001.
5. Sharma, Y.R, Elementary Organic Spectroscopy.5th Ed., S.Chand & Company Pvt. Ltd.: New
Delhi, 2013.
6. Raman, K.V, Gopalan, R. Raghavan, P.S. Molecular Spectroscopy, Vijay Nicole imprints Pvt.
Ltd.: Chennai, 2004.
7. Gupta, P.L. & Kumar,V. Elements of Spectroscopy, 25th Ed., Pragati Prakashan: Meerut, 2013.
8. Srivatsava, V.K. & Srivatsava, K.K. Introduction to chromotagraphy, 2nd Ed., S.Chand &
Company: New Delhi, 1991.
9. Kalsi, P.S. Spectroscopy of organic compounds. 2nd Ed., New Age International Publishers Ltd.:
New Delhi, 1995.
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
SKILL BASED PAPER-II - INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY

Subject Code: 21 SCH502 Semester: V

Hours: 30 Credits: 02
Course Objectives

1. To learn about the concept of Ceramics, Paints and Pigments

2. To know the importance of Petroleum chemistry
3. To categorize sugar, paper and pulp.
4. To learn about treatment of Industrial wastes.
5. To recognize about Limes and cement.

UNIT-I (06 Hrs)

Ceramics: components and classification of ceramics-general properties of ceramics-clays-types –

properties ceramics products-manufacture of porcelain. Pigments: white lead, ultra marine blue, red
lead, chrome green-preparation and uses, Paints -Definition, components, classification and uses.

UNIT-II (06 Hrs)

Petroleum chemistry: Theories of origin of petroleum-composition ,petroleum mining, refining and

distillation. Cracking – types and applications, Octane number, Cetane number, smoke point , flash
point, fire point, cloud point, pour point and aniline point . Production of synthetic petrol-Bergius
process and Fischer Tropsch process-Petroleum Refineries in India.

UNIT-III (06 Hrs)

Sugar: Extraction and purification of juice, sulphitation, carbonation, concentration Recovery of sugar
from molasses, manufacture of sugar from Beetroot, sugar industries in India,

Manufacture of pulp and paper. Paper industries in India.

UNIT-IV (06 Hrs)

Industrial wastes: Treatment of wastes containing organic and Inorganic impurities-Nature, effect and
treatment of some important chemical waste from paper and pulp industries, soap, detergent industries,
chemical, food processing and metal industries
UNIT-V (06 Hrs)

Lime and cement: classification of lime – manufacture and properties of lime. Cement – types –
composition – additives for cement – manufacture of Portland cement – properties of cement – setting
and hardening, heat of hydration, soundness – Gypsum – plaster of paris.

Course outcomes: After completion of the course, Students will be able to

CO1: Realize the knowledge of ceramics ,paints and pigments

CO2: Identify the importance of Petroleum chemistry.
CO3: Gain the knowledge of manufacturing sugar,paper and pulp.
CO4: Categorize treatment of Industrial wastes.
CO5: Distinguish Limes and cement

REFERENCES

1. A text book of engineering chemistry – S.S.Dara.

2. Industrial Chemistry – M.G.Arora & M.Singh
3. Industrial Chemistry – B.K.Sharma
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.SC. PHYSICS
NMEC-I: MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Subject Code: 21NMCH501 Semester: V

Hours: 30 Credits: 02
Course Objectives

1. To realize the concept of Chemotherapy

2. To recognize the importance of Blood and alkaloids.
3. To gain knowledge about sulpha drugs and analgesiscs
4. To learn Anaesthetics, Antiseptics and disinfectants
5. To know about Organic pharmaceutical aids and uses of Indian medicinal plants.

UNIT- I (06 Hrs)

Chemotherapy: Meaning of chemotherapy, Malaria therapy- Life cycle of malaria, anti-malarial drugs
(Quinoline derivatives) and its uses. Psychiatric drugs, Tranquillizers, Acetyl urea, Sodium barbitone.

Antibiotics: Definition, chloramphenicol, penicillin, ampicillin, streptomycin - Molecular formula and

uses

UNIT- II (06 Hrs)

Blood: Functions of plasma proteins, Hemoglobin-transport of oxygen and maintenance of pH of
blood, blood coagulation, blood pressure, Diagnostic test for Sugar and cholesterol.
Alkaloids: Definition, General extraction, from plant source, colour reactions and detection, molecular
formula and uses of morphine and quinine.
Vitamins: Definition, classification, role of vitamins – A, D, E, K, B complex, and C.
Source and deficiency symptoms (low and high)

UNIT-III (06 Hrs)

Sulpha drugs : Definition– sulpha pyridine, sulpha diazine, sulpha thiazole, sulpha furazole, prontosil-
Preparation and uses. Mechanism of action of sulpha drug.
Analgesics: Definition, classification (Narcotic and non narcotic) morphine, pethidine, methadone,
Anti pyretics – Aspirin, methyl salicylate, paracetamol and phenacetin.

UNIT- IV (06 Hrs)

Anaesthetics: Definition, classification, General anaesthetics – chloroform, Nitrous oxide, Ether,
thiopental sodium. Local anaesthetics – cocaine, benzocaine.
Antiseptics and disinfectants: Definition, differences, Phenols– cresol, Lysol. Organic mercurials-
thiomersol and nitromersol.
UNIT –V (06 Hrs)
Organic pharmaceutical aids: preservatives, Anti-oxidants, colouring agents, Flavouring and
sweetening agents, Emulsifying agents and solvent.
Uses of Indian Medicinal Plants: Neem, Tulsi, Turmeric, Basil, Mint, Aloe, Clove, Coriander,
Ginger, Pepper, Brahmi and Adadhoda.

Course outcomes: After completion of the course, Students will be able to

CO1: Describe the concept of Chemotherapy.

CO2: Classify blood pressure and vitamins.
CO3: Recall sulpha drugs and analgesics.
CO4: Distinguish antiseptic and disinfectants.
CO5: Categorize roll of organic pharmaceutical aids in medicines & uses of Indian medicinal plants.

References:
1. Ghosh. J, A text book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 3 rd Ed.,S.Chand & Company Ltd.: New
Delhi,2010.
2. Lakshmi, S.Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2nd Ed.,Sultan Chand and Sons:New Delhi (1998).
3. Ashutosh Kar, Medicinal Chemistry, 4Th Ed., New age international Pvt. Ltd.: New Delhi, 2007.
4. Sriram,D.&Yogeswari, P, Medicinal Chemistry,2nd Rev.Ed.,Pearson Education India services
Pvt. Ltd.:New Delhi(2010).
5. Jayaveera,K.N., Subramanian, S.&Yogananda Reddy,K.Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, 1st
Ed.,S.Chand & Company Pvt.Ltd.:New Delhi, 2014.
6. Patrick,G.L.Medicinal Chemistry, OxfordUniversity Press:London, 2000.
7. Rasheeduz Zafar,Medicinal Plants of India, CBS Publishers and Distributors: 2000.
SEMESTER VI
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
CORE COURSE XIII- INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - II
SUBJECT CODE: 21CH613 SEMESTER-VI
HOURS: 75 CREDIT: 5

Course Objectives
1. To Learn the Theories of coordination compounds and the Isomerism exhibited by
coordination compounds.
2. To Know the Structure of EDTA and its complexes and the metal carbonyls
3. To Learn the Nuclear Chemistry
4. To Know the Radioactivity and the Nuclear Transformations
5. To Understand the Compounds of stable oxidation states of d-block elements.

UNIT – I (15 Hrs)

Coordination compounds: Introduction- Nomenclature – Chelation - Werner, Sidgwick, Valence
bond, Crystal field and Molecular orbital theories, colour and magnetic properties using CFT,
Comparision of VBT and CFT.

Isomerism: Structural and stereo isomerism of complexes – Unimolecular and bimolecular

nucleophilic substitution reactions in octahedral and square planar complexes. Trans effect. (Definition
and Examples only) Applications of coordination compounds – Detection of potassium ions,
Separation of copper and cadmium ions – Estimation of nickel using DMG and aluminium using oxine.

UNIT – II (15 Hrs)

Structure of EDTA and its complexes: Complexometric titrations – Principles and applications.
Estimation of Zn, Cu and Mn using DTPA. Biological importance of Chlorophyll , Haemoglobin, and
Vitamin B12, - Blue Copper protein – structure and their applications (Elucidation is not required).
Metal carbonyls: Mono and binuclear carbonyls of Ni, Fe, and Mn– Synthesis, reactions, structures
and uses. Nitrosyl chloride and sodium nitroprusside- preparation, reaction, structure and uses.
UNIT – III (15 Hrs)
Nuclear chemistry: Introduction – Composition of nuclei and nuclear forces. Nuclear stability – n/p
ratio mass defect, binding energy, packing fraction and magic numbers. Shell and liquid drop models.
Isotopes – detection and separation. Isotopic constitution of elements and whole number rule.
Deviation of atomic weights from whole numbers. Isobars and Isotones.
Detection and measurement of radioactivity-Wilson cloud chamber, GM counter,Particle accelerator-
linear accelerators and Cyclotron.
UNIT-IV (15 Hrs)

Radioactivity: discovery, Properties of alpha, beta & gamma rays, Modes of decay, Artificial
radioactivity.
Disintegration theory, Rate of disintegration. Half life and average life. Radioactive series- Group
displacement law -applications of radioactivity.
Nuclear transformations: uses of different Projectiles, Nuclear reactions- Spallations, nuclear fission -
Atom bomb and fusion reactions - Hydrogen bomb, nuclear reactions Vs chemical reactions. Nuclear
reactors. Application of Radio Isotopes. Carbon dating and Rock dating method. Disposal of
radioactive wastes.
UNIT-V (15 Hrs)
Compounds of stable oxidation states of d-block elements: Compounds of titanium(TiCl3, TiO2),
Compounds of vanadium (V2O5, NH4VO3), Compounds of chromium(CrO3, K2Cr2O7, CrO2Cl2),
Compounds of molybdenum (MoO3, (NH4)2MoO4 ) Compounds of tungsten(WO3, H2WO4),
Compounds of manganese(KMnO4, Mn2O3) .

Course Outcomes: Upon Completion of the course the students will be able
CO1: To Explain the Theories of coordination compounds and the Isomerism exhibited by
coordination compounds.
CO2: To Illustrate the Structure of EDTA and its complexes and the metal carbonyls.
CO3: To Gain the knowledge of the Nuclear Chemistry
CO4: To Summarize the Radioactivity and the Nuclear Transformations.
CO5: To Categorize the Compounds of stable oxidation states of d-block elements

REFERENCES:

1. R.D.Madan-“Modern inorganic chemistry” (2009) S.Chand & Co Pvt.Ltd.

2. B.R.Puri & L.R Sharma-“Principles of inorganic chemistry”Shaban Lal, Nagin chand & Co., New
Delhi (2000)

3. P.L.Soni- “Text book of inorganic Chemistry”S.Chand & Co., New Delhi (1999)

4. A text book of Inorganic Chemistry – Satyaprakash

5. H.J.Arnikor-“Essential of Nuclear chemistry” 4th edition, Wiley Eastern. Limited.

6. Maheswar Sharon and madhuri Sharon- “Nuclear chemistry”Ane book, Pvt.Ltd-2009

 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
CORE COURSE XIV - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - II
SUBJECT CODE: 21CH614 SEMESTER-VI
HOURS: 60 CREDIT: 4

Course Objectives

1. To learn the concepts of Isomerism, Structural isomerism, Stereoisomerism,

2. To understand the Optical isomerism, Optical activity, Elements of symmetry, Racemization,
Resolution, Fischer projection formula
3. To know about the R-S Notations and Geometrical isomerism, Cis–Trans, syn-anti and E-Z
notations. Conformational analysis,
4. To learn Alkaloids, Terpenes, Ureides and Purines. Aromatic halogen compounds, Substituted
phenols.
5. To know Aromatic Sulphonic acids and Derivatives of Carbonic acids. Lipids, Synthetic
polymers, Plastics and Rubbers.

UNIT – I (12 Hrs)

Isomerism: Definition - Classification - Structural isomerism - Types of Structural isomerism with
suitable examples - and Stereo isomerism - Types.
Optical isomerism: Optical activity - Plane polarized light - Polarimeter - Specific rotation - Elements
of symmetry - Asymmetric Centre - Chirality – D & L and (+) & (-) isomers - Conditions for optical
activity - Optical isomerism of Lactic acid and Tartaric acid - Properties of Enantiomers, Diastereomers
and Meso compounds - Methods of Racemization - Methods of Resolution - Asymmetric synthesis -
Walden inversion - Fischer projection formula - Fischer rules - Assigning R-S configurations to Chiral
molecules with one and two chiral carbon atoms - Erythro and threo notations - Optical activity of
compounds without Chiral carbon atoms - Biphenyl, Allene and spiran derivatives.
UNIT – II (12 Hrs)
Geometrical isomerism: Definition - Geometrical isomerism in 2-Butene and 2-butene-1.4-dioic acid -
Methods of distinguishing of Maleic and Fumaric acids - Dipole moment, Dehydration, Cyclization and
melting points - Assigning configurations to Alkenes - Cis–Trans system, E-Z system and syn-anti
notation - Tautomerism- Keto–Enol, amido-Imido and Nitro–Acinitro Tautomerisms (
interconversions only)
Conformational analysis: Definition – Conformers – Configuration - Dihedral angle - Torsional strain
- Newman and Sawhorse projections - Conformational analysis of Ethane and n-butane (including
energy diagrams) - Conformations of cyclohexane - Boat, chair and skew forms - Axial and equatorial
bonds and hydrogens in Cyclohexane.
UNIT – III (12 Hrs)
Alkaloids: Definition - General methods of isolation of Alkaloids - General properties - Classification -
Structural Elucidation of Alkaloids - Coniine, Piperine and Nicotine.
Terpenoids: Isoprene rule - Classification - Preparation, properties and Uses - Citral, Geraniol, Nerol,
Menthol,  - Terpineol, Limonene and Camphor.
Ureides and Purines: Ureides - Definition - Classification - Simple and cyclic Ureides - Preparation,
properties and Uses of Barbituric acid - Classification of Purines - Preparation, properties and Uses of
Uric acid, Xanthine and caffeine (Structural elucidation not needed)
UNIT – IV (12Hrs)
Aromatic Halogen compounds: Definition - Classification - Aryl Halide, Aryl alkyl Halides -
Methods of preparation and Properties.
BHC and DDT - Preparation, Properties and Uses.
Aromatic sulphonic acids: Nomenclature - Preparation, Properties, Reactions and Uses of benzene
sulphonic acid and Toluene sulphonic acid - Preparation, Properties and Uses of Saccharin,
Chloramines-T, Sulphanilic acid and sulphonamide.
Substituted Phenols: Preparation, properties and Uses of mono hydric phenols - Cresols, nitro phenols
and amino phenols - Preparation, properties of Dihydric, Trihydric phenols and Naphthols

UNIT – V (12Hrs)
Synthetic polymers: Definition - Classification - Degree of polymerization – Free radical mechanism-
Types of polymerization - Addition polymerization - Polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, PVC
and Teflon - Condensation polymerization - Nylon-6,6, Terylene .
Plastics - Definition - Classification - Thermosetting and thermoplastics plastics - Rubbers -
Definition - Classification - Natural and synthetic rubbers - Preparation and uses of Buna-S, Thiokol,
Neoprene and Chloroprene.
Lipids: Definition - waxes - Fats and Oils - Distinction between Fats and Oils - Properties of Fats and
Oils - Analysis of Fats and Oils - Saponification Number - Iodine Number - Soaps - Cleaning action of
Soap - Synthetic detergents - Synthetic detergents versus Soaps .
Course Outcomes: Upon Completion of the course the students will be able
CO1: To explain the basics of Isomerism and Stereoisomerism and identify the stereo isomers’
Configuration using the R-S Notation
CO2: To gain the knowledge of geometrical isomerism and demonstrate & understand the
Conformations using the Energy level diagrams.
CO3: To illustrate the basics of the natural products such as Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Ureides and
Purines.
CO4: To summarize the classification, preparation, properties, reactions and structures of aromatic
Halogen compounds, Sulphonic acids and Substituted phenols.
CO5: To categorize the applications pertaining, to use these Lipids, synthetic polymers, Plastics and
Rubbers.

REFERENCES
1. S.P.Bhutani-“Carbohydrate” Ane books, Pvt.Ltd, 2010
2. I.L Finar- Stereochemistry and the Chemistry of Natural Products”-Vol II 5th edition, (2006),
Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt.Ltd. 7. V.K. Ahluwalia-“Alkaloids” Ane books Pvt.Ltd.2010.
3. P.S.Kalsi-Stereochemistry Conformation & Mechanism”- 6th edition.., (2005). New age
international (P) Ltd. New Delhi
4. O.P Agarwal-“Reactions & reagents in Organic Chemistry”-5th edition.., (2005).Goel publishing
house, Meerut
5. Soni, P.L. Textbook of Organic Chemistry, 29Th Rev. Ed., Sulthan & Chand Sons: New Delhi,
2019.
6. Bahl, B.S. & ArunBahl, Textbook of Organic Chemistry, 22 nd Ed., S.Chand Publishing, New Delhi,
2019.
7. Tewari, K.S, & Vishnoi, N.K. A Textbook of Organic Chemistry, 4 th Ed., S.Chand Publishing,
New Delhi, 2017.
8. Morrison, R.T & Boyd, R.N. Organic Chemistry, 7 th Ed., Pearson Education, India, 2010.
9. Finar. I.L, Organic Chemistry (Vol I) 5th Ed., Pearson India,2005.
10. Finar, I.L. Organic Chemistry (Vol II), 5th Ed., Pearson India, 2005.
11. Clayden,J.:Greeves, N.& Warren, S. Organic Chemistry, 2 nd Ed., Oxford
Universitiy Press, London,2012.
12. Pine, S. H. Organic Chemistry, 5Th Ed., McGraw Hill, New York,2007.
13. Carey, F. A. Organic Chemistry, 7ThEd., Tata McGraw Hill, New York, 2008.
14. Mc Murry, J.E. Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry, 7 th Ed., Cengage Learning India Edition, 2013.
15. Soni, P.L. and Chawla, H.M. 2014. A Text book of Organic Chemistry, Twenty ninth edition.
Sulthan and Chand Company, New Delhi.
16. Agarwal, O.P. 2005. Organic Chemistry Reactions and Reagents, Fifth edition. Goel publishing
house, Meerut, India
17. Ahluwalia, V.K., Lalita S.K. and Sanjiv Kumar. 2007. Chemistry of Natural Products, First edition,
CRC press, USA.
18. Billmeyer, W. Text book of Polymer Science, 3 rd Ed., Wiley & Sons, New York, 2007.
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
CORE COURSE XV - PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY - II
SUBJECT CODE: 21CH615 SEMESTER-VI
HOURS: 60 CREDIT: 4

Course Objectives

1. To know the importance of concept of Chemical Kinetics

2. To understand the role of Catalysis
3. To have an idea about the Photochemistry
4. To know about Colligative properties,
5. To learn about Physical properties and Chemical constitution
UNIT– I (12 Hrs)
Chemical Kinetics: Concept of rate of reactions. Rate laws, rate constant and order and molecularity
of reactions. Differential and integral forms of rate equations for zero. First and second order
reactions. Third and fractional order reactions (Derivation of rate constant expected) Expressions for
half- life period of first, second, third and zero reactions. Pseudo first order reactions. (Simple
problems)
Methods for determination of order of reactions: integration method, differential method, graphical
method, half- life method and Ostwald’s isolation method. Temperature dependence of reaction rates –
temperature coefficient. Arrhenius parameters and their calculations. Theories of reaction rates –
Collision theory and Transition state theory. Theory of Unimolecular reactions (Lindemann
hypothesis)

UNIT– II (12 Hrs)

Catalysis: Definition- Types of Catalysis - Homogeneous Catalysis - Heterogeneous Catalysis -
Characteristics of Catalytic Reactions - Promoters - Catalytic Poisoning - Autocatalysis - Negative
Catalysis - Activation Energy and Catalysis - Theories of Catalysis - The Intermediate Compound
Formation Theory - The Adsorption Theory - Hydrogenation of Ethene in Presence of Nickel - Acid-
Base Catalysis - Mechanism of Acid Catalysis - Enzyme Catalysis - Mechanism of Enzyme Catalysis -
Characteristics of Enzyme Catalysis.

UNIT–III (12Hrs)
Photo chemistry: Laws of Photochemistry - Grothus-Draper law, Lambert-Beer’s law, Stark – Einstein
law of photo chemical equivalence. Primary and Secondary processes- Quantum yield- reasons and
examples of low and high quantum yield. Jablonski diagram. Difference between Photochemical and
Thermochemical Reactions-Luminescence- Phosphorescence, Fluorescence, Chemi-luminescence and
Bioluminescence.
Quenching of Fluorescence -Photochemical chain reactions –.H2-Cl2 reaction – photolysis of aldehydes
and ketones – Photosensitization. Photosynthesis – Photo dimerisation of Anthrancene – actinometry.
UNIT– IV (12 Hrs)
Theory of Dilute Solutions :Definitions of ideal & non- ideal solutions and Activity & activity
coefficients- Colligative Properties –Relative Lowering of Vapour Pressure - Raoult’s Law -
Derivation of Raoult’s Law - Determination of Molecular Mass from Vapour Pressure Lowering-
Boiling Point Elevation - Determination of Molecular Mass from Elevation of Boiling Point -
Freezing-point Depression - Determination of Molecular Weight from Depression of Freezing Point -
Colligative Properties of Electrolytes. Osmosis – Theories of osmosis ( molecular sieve, membrane
solution,vapour pressure theories) osmotic pressure-laws of osmotic pressure ( Boyles-Vant Hoff’s
law and Charles-Vant Hoff’s law) determination of Molecular Mass from osmotic pressure
measurement. Abnormal molar mass -Relation Between van’t Hoff Factor and Degree of Dissociation
UNIT– V (12 Hrs)
Physical properties and Chemical constitution: Surface Tension and Chemical Constitution -
Parachor and use of Parachor in Elucidating Structure. Dipole Moment -Applications of dipole
moment measurements to structural studies of simple inorganic and organic molecules including
substituted benzenes and to estimate percentage of ionic character - Optical Activity and Chemical
Constitution. Magnetic properties of matter - diamagnetism, Paramagnetism, ferromagnetism and anti-
ferromagnetism -definition only.

Course Outcomes: Upon Completion of the course the students will be able
CO1 : To explain the Concept of rate, Collision theory and Transition state theory
CO 2: To categorize the Types of Catalysis their theories and mechanisms.
CO 3: To identify the photo chemical reactions and various types of luminescence.
CO 4: To examine the types of solutions and explain the colligative properties.
CO 5: To investigate the relation of Physical properties and Chemical constitution.

Text Book:
1. Arun Bahl, Bahl B.S and Tuli G.D, 2019. Essentials of physical chemistry, Twenty sixth
edition. S. Chand & Company, New Delhi.
Reference Books:
1. Gurdeep Raj, 2009. Advanced physical chemistry, Thirty fifth edition. Krishna Prakashan
Media (P) Ltd. Meerut, India.
2. Puri B.R, Sharma L.R, and Pathania Madan S. ,2011. Principles of Physical Chemistry, Vishal
Publishing Co., Jalandhar.
3. Madan, R.L. and Tuli, G.D. 2009. Simplified Course in Physical Chemistry, 5th revised and
enlarged edition, S.Chand& Co., New Delhi.
4. Atkins P.W., 2009. Physical Chemistry, (7th edition) Oxford University Press, London.
5. Kundu.N and Jain. S.K. 2000. Physical Chemistry, S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
CORE COURSE XVI - PRACTICAL – VI-ORGANIC CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS

SUBJECT CODE: 21CHP 616 SEMESTER-VI

HOURS: 75 CREDIT: 4

Course Objectives

1. To know the methods of different organic compounds preparation

2. To understand the concept of Analysis
3. To have an idea about the concept of Separation techniques
4. To know about determination of melting and boiling points of simple organic compounds,
5. To learn about Physical properties and Chemical constitution

1. Preparation, involving
 Oxidation (Benzaldehyde – Benzoic acid)
 Hydrolysis (Ethyl benzoate- Benzoic acid)
 Nitration (Phenol-Picric Acid)
 Sulphonation- Acetylation, (Anililne-Acetanillide)
 Halogenation -Osazone formation (Glucose -Glucosazone)
 Diazotization. (Sulphanilic acid-Methyl orange)
 Organic green preparation- Preparation of acetanilide from aniline by adopting Green Procedure
2. Condensation reaction: Benzoin condensation (Demonstration experiment)
3. Oxidation of sucrose to oxalic acid. (Demonstration experiment).
4. Reduction of m- dinitrobenzene to m– nitroaniline (Demonstration experiment).
5. Systematic Qualitative Organic Analysis of Organic Compounds possessing
Monofunctional groups (-COOH, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, amide, nitro,
amines,carbohydrate,anilides) and preparation of one derivative.
By Using Alternative green procedure for detecting special elements.
6. Determination of melting and boiling points of simple organic compounds.

7. Separation of mixtures by Chromatography: Measure the Rf value in each case (combination

of two compounds to be given) (Demonstration experiment).

(a) Identify and separate the components of a given mixture of 2 amino acids (glycine, aspartic acid,
glutamic acid, tyrosine or any other amino acid) by paper chromatography.

(b) Separation and identification of the monosaccharaides present in the given mixture (glucose &
fructose) by paper chromatography. Reporting the Rf values.
Course outcomes:
After completion of the course, Students will be able to
CO1 : Prepare organic compounds.
CO2 : Analyses organic compounds.
CO3 : Determination the physical constants of organic compounds.
CO4: Develop Chromatogram for compounds purifications / Use chromatographic techniques for
purification.

MARK DISTRIBUTION:
Internal : 40 External Evaluation : 60
Record : 10
Physical constant :10
Org. preparation :15
Org. analysis :25
Aromatic/ Aliphatic - 04
Saturated/Unsaturated - 04
Special Element - 06
Functinonal group -04
Derivatives -03
Procedure - 04

References:
1. Furniss, B.S., Hannaford, A.J., Smith, P.W.G., Tatchell, A.R. Practical Organic
Chemistry. 5th Ed., Pearson Education India Services Pvt.Ltd.: Noida, 2012.
2. Mann, F.G. & Saunders, B.C. Practical Organic Chemistry. 4Th Ed.,Pearson Education India
Services Pvt.Ltd.: Noida, 2009.
3. Ahluwalia, V.K. &Dhingra, S. Comprehensive Practical Organic Chemistry.
Qualitative Analysis, University Press: Hyderabad, 2000.
4. Mikes, O. Laboratory Hand Book of Chromatographic & Allied Methods.Elles Harwood Series
on Analytical Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons:1979.
5. Arthur, I. Vogel, Quantitative Organic Analysis. 2nd Ed., Pearson Education India Services
Pvt.Ltd.: Noida, 2010.
6. Bhutani. S.P, and ArunaChhikara, Practical Organic Chemistry.1st Ed., Ane Books Pvt.
Ltd.:New Delhi, 2009.
7. Bansal, R.K. Laboratory Manual of Organic Chemistry. 3rd Ed., Wiley Eastern Ltd. London,
New Age Indian Ltd.: New Delhi,1994.
8. Ahluwalia, V. K., Dhingra, S. & Gulati, A. College Practical Chemistry. University press:
Hyderabad, 2005.
9. Anbusrinivasan.P “Organic Chemistry Practicals-Basic Concept and Procedures”
-ISBN 978-81-952209-5-3 - Nov’ 2021-Shri Publications-Chidambaram.
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
ELECTIVE PAPER II- AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY

SUBJECT CODE: 21CHE602 SEMESTER-VI

HOURS: 60 CREDIT: 4

Course Objectives
1. To understand the concept of Soil Science & Soil reactions
2. To recognize the role of Nitrogen fertilizers, Phosphate fertilizers
3. To have an idea about the Complex fertilizers and mixed fertilizers
4. To know about Pesticides, Insecticides
5. To learn about Fungicides and Herbicide

UNIT-I (12 Hrs)

Soil Science: Definition of soil, Properties of soil – Physical Property Components – Structure and
texture. Soil water, Sources of irrigation water, Soil air and Soil temperature.

Chemical properties – Soil mineral matter – Soil colloid, ion- Exchange reactions – Soil fertility and its
evaluations. Estimation of available Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in soil. Soil organic matter
and their transformation into soil.

Soil reactions – Soil pH – soil acidity and buffer action

UNIT-II (12 Hrs)

Fertilizers- Nitrogen fertilizers: Effect of Nitrogen on plant growth and development. deficiency
of nitrogeneous fertilizers classification – of nitrogenous fertilizers – Nitrates, urea and cynamide.
Commercial method of preparing urea.

Phosphate fertilizers: Effect of phosphorus on plant growth and development – kinds of phosphate
fertilizers – Super phosphate – Bone meal – basic slag – rock phosphate – dicalcium phosphate –
tricalcium phosphate and other phosphates – Manufacture of super phosphate.

UNIT-III (12 Hrs)

Potassium fertilizers: function of potassium on plant growth and developement – classification into
chloride and nonchloride forms manufacturing processes and properties of potassium fertilizers.

Complex fertilizers and mixed fertilizers: their manufacture and composition. Secondary nutrients –
micronutrients – their function in plants – materials containing micronutrients, biological functions and
toxicity of trace elements in plants(Zn,Cu,Fe and Mn) .

Manures: Bulky organic manures – Farm yard manure handling and storage – method of composting
green manuring, concentrated organic manures and their chemical composition, Vermi compost , oil
cakes, Blood meal and fish manures.
UNIT-IV (12 Hrs)

Pesticides – Insecticides:

Pesticides: Classification of Pesticides – mode of action – general methods of application and toxicity,
safety measures when using pesticides. Biopesticides and its application. Banned pesticides.

Insecticides: plant products – Nicotine, pyrethrum, rotenone, and petroleum oils, Inorganic pesticides
– arsenical fluorides, borates. Organic pesticides – organo chloro compounds – D.D.T. B.H.C.,
methoxychlor, chlordane and endosulfon.

UNIT-V (12 Hrs)

Fungicides and Herbicides:

Fungicides: inorganic – Sulphur compounds – copper compounds – Mercuric compounds Organic –

dithiocarbamates – Dithane, Bordeaux mixture.

Herbicides: Inorganic herbicides – Arsenic and Boron compounds.

Cyanamide – Cyanides and thiocyanates - chlorates and sulphamates. Organic herbicides and Nitro –
compounds – chlorinated compounds – 2 ,4D compounds –Propionic and acid derivatives – urea
herbicides. Acaricides – Rodenticides– Attractants – Repellants – Fumigants (Definition & Example
only)

Course Outcomes: Upon Completion of the course the students will be able
CO1 : To explain the concept of Soil Science & Soil reactions
CO 2: To categorize the role of Nitrogen fertilizers, Phosphate fertilizers
CO 3: To identify the complex fertilizers and mixed fertilizers
CO 4: To examine the types of Pesticides, Insecticides
CO 5: To investigate the Fungicides and Herbicide

REFERENCES:

1. N.C. Brady, The Nature and properties of soils, Eurasia publishing House (P) Ltd., 9 th Ed. 1984.
2. U.S.Jones, Fertilizers and soil Fertility Prestice, Hall of India New Delhi, 2nd Ed. 1987.
3. D.E.H Frcer, Chemistry of pesticides D.Van Nostrade Co.
4. A.K.De. Environmental chemistry.
5. Author(s): Karen Peabody O'Brien, Shari Franjevic and Julie Jones
(Read online at advancinggreenchemistry.org)
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
ELECTIVE PAPER III- PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY
SUBJECT CODE: 21CHE 603 SEMESTER-VI
HOURS: 60 CREDIT: 4

Course Objectives
1. To learn basic definition of pharmacological terms, Chemistry of heterocyclics and , Quinoline
2. To recognize the role of sulpha drugs and analgesics
3. To have an idea about the Diabetes and Cancer
4. To know about anaesthetics, antiseptics and disinfectants
5. To learn about psychopharmacology, antiviral drugs and uses of Indian medicinal plants

UNIT – I (12 Hrs)

Definition of terms: Drug, pharmacophore, pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics,
pharmacopeia, bacteria, fungi, virus, chemotherapy, pharmacognosy, toxicicology,
pharmacotherapeutics and antimetabolites.
Chemistry of heterocyclics: A brief introduction - drugs derived from pyridine derivatives –
Tripelennamine and mepyramine.
Quinoline derivatives: Chloroquine, amodiaquine and primaquine, Pyrimidines.
Antibiotics: Pharmacological action – structural elucidation, synthesis, structure activity relationship,
assay and uses of chloramphenicol and penicillin.

UNIT – II (12Hrs)
Sulpha drugs: Mechanism of sulpha drugs, Sulphadiazine, Sulphapyridine, phthalyl sulphathiazole,
sulpha furazole, and prontosil – Preparations and uses.
Analgesics: Classification, Narcotic analgesic– Morphine and derivatives. synthetic analgesics –
pethidine and methadone. Antipyretic analgesics. Salicylic acid derivatives, indolyl derivatives and p-
aminophenol derivatives, synthesis and uses.
UNIT: III
Diabetes and Cancer (12 Hrs)
Diabetes and hypoglycemic drugs: Blood sugar level –Diabetes –Definition, types, causes, symptoms
and control- Preliminary ideas about the structure and sources of insulin- oral hypoglycemic drugs-
sulphonyl ureas and biguanides (synthesis not expected)
Antineoplastic drugs: Definition, types, causes of cancer- treatment methods-alkylating or cytotoxic
agent- antimetabolite drugs, plant products, hormones, adrenocorticosteroids and radioactive isotopes

UNIT – IV (12 Hrs)

Anaesthetics: Preparation and uses of general and local Gaseous anaesthetics – ether,
Vinyl ether, methoxy fluorane Halogenated hydrocarbons like chloroform, halothane, trichloroethylene,
ethylchloride, cyclopropane, nitrous oxide. Intravenous anaesthetics – Thiopentone sodium,
Methoxyhexitone and propanidid. Local anaesthetics – cocaine and its derivatives.
Antiseptics and disinfectants: phenols–cresol, Lysol. chloranated phenol-chlorocresol,
hexachlorophene, chloroxylenol. Organic mercurials-thiomersol, nitromersol. Formaldehyde
derivative-formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde. Nitrofuran derivative -nitrofurazone, nitrofuroxime. Dyes-
crystal violet, brilliant green, methylene blue. Chloramines-T.
UNIT – V (12 Hrs)
Psychopharmacology: Antipsychotic drugs-Phenothiazines, thioxanthenes, dibenzoxazepines and
benzamides. Antianxiety drugs-Benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines. Psychomimetic drugs-LSD
and Hashish. Antidepressant drugs- Tricyclic, tetracyclic, monoamine oxidase inhibitors and lithium
compounds. Sedatives and hypnotics –Nonbarbiturates
Antiviral: AIDS-Symptoms, prevention and treatment, influenza, herpes –Treatment drugs
Uses of Indian Medicinal Plants: Turmeric, Basil, Mint, Aloe, Clove, Coriander, Ginger, Pepper, Brahmi and
Adadhoda.

Course outcomes: After completion of the course, Students will be able to

CO1: Relate pharmacological actions of the drugs.
CO2: Prepare sulpha drugs and also know the importance of analgesics
CO3: Understand the cancer and diabetics drugs.
CO4: Describe Anaesthetics and compare antiseptic and disinfectants
CO5: Knowledge about psychopharmacology antiviral drugs and uses of Indian medicinal plants.
References:
1. Ghosh, J. A text book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 3rd Ed., S.Chand & Company Ltd.: New
Delhi, 2010.
2. Lakshmi.S, Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2nd Ed., Sultan Chand & Sons: New Delhi.1998.
3. Ashutosh Kar, Medicinal Chemistry. 4th Ed., New age international Pvt. Ltd.: New Delhi, 2007.
4. Jayaveera.K.N.; Subramanian,S. Yogananda Reddy,K. Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, 1st Ed,
S.Chand & Company Pvt. Ltd.: New Delhi (2014).
5. Sriram, D. & Yogeswari, P. Medicinal Chemistry, 2nd Ed., Reprints, Pearson India Education
services Pvt. Ltd.: Delhi, 2010.
6. Patrick,G.L. Medicinal Chemistry, Oxford University Press: London, 2000.
7. Rasheeduz Zafar, Medicinal Plants of India, CBS Publishers and Distributors: 2000.
8. Ahluwalia, Medicinal Chemistry.2nd Ed., Ane Books Pvt. Ltd.: New Delhi. 2008.
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. CHEMISTRY
SKILL BASED PAPER-III, FOOD CHEMISTRY

SUBJECT CODE: 21 SCH603 SEMESTER-VI

HOURS: 30 CREDIT: 02
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
1. To create the awareness about the concept of Food.
2. To understand the Food additives and Food poisons
3. To learn about the Preservation and Food preservatives.
4. To understand the Spices and Emulsifing agents.
5. To learn about Milk and milk products.

UNIT – I (06 Hrs)

Food: Definition – classification – Energy yielding – Body building and protective foods- Proteins,
Carbohydrates, Fats, Minerals and Vitamins. Functions of Nutrients - Food standards-WHO and
ICMR.

UNIT – II (06 Hrs)

Food additives: Need for food additives – Anti oxidants – Chelating agents – Colouring agents –
Curing agents – Emulsion – Nutrient supplements – Flavour enhancers – Non nutrition sweeteners –
Food adulterant-contamination of wheat, rice , butter, oil. Food poisons-Natural poisons (Alkaloids and
Nepherotoxin)-Pesticides(DDT,BHC,Malathion)-Chemical poisons-First aid.

UNIT – III (06 Hrs)

Preservation and Food preservatives: Sodium benzoate - Benzoic acid - Sodium chloride, Sugar –
Acetic acid – Sulphur dioxide – Sorbic acid. Methods of preservation and processing – By heat –
Canning and Pasteurisation – Drying – Advantages – Methods of drying – vacuum drier.

UNIT – IV (06 Hrs)

Spices: Introduction- Major spices – Black pepper – White pepper – Ginger – Cardamom – Turmeric –
Asafoetida Bay leaves, Minor spices – Ajowan mustard, onion, mint, vanilla, cloves And tamarind,
UNIT – V (06 Hrs)

Milk and milk products: Composition of milk – Milk fat – Milk protein – Milk sugar.

Enzymes – Vitamins– Properties – Effect of heat – Micro organism – Milk processing – pasteurisation.
Ice cream – Milk powder.

Course outcomes: After completion of the course, Students will be able to

1. Create awareness about the concept of Food.
2. Understand the Food additive and Food poisons.
3. Learn about Preservation and Food preservatives.
4. Understand the Spices and emulsifing agents.
5. Learn about Milk and milk products

REFERENCES:

1. N. ShakuntalaManay and M. Shadaksharaswamy, Foods Facts and Principles, Wiley Eastern Ltd,
New Delhi, 2020.

2. William Hoagland Mayer, Food Chemistry, CBS Publishers, Delhi, 1974.

3. Seema Yadev, Food Chemistry, Anmol Publication, New Delhi, 2002.

4. Jayashree Ghose, Applied Chemistry, S. Chand publishers, 2006.

5. B. Srilakshmi, Food science, New age international publishers, New Delhi, Seventh edition, 2018.

6. Gordon. M. Wardlaw et al., Contemporary nutrition, 2nd edition, Mosby Publishers, 2004.
 A.V.C.COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) MANNAMPANDAL, MAYILADUTHURAI
III-B.Sc. PHYSICS
NON MAJOR ELECTIVE II- CHEMISTRY IN EVERY DAY LIFE

SUBJECT CODE: 21NMCH602 SEMESTER-VI

HOURS: 30 CREDIT: 02

OBJECTIVES:
1. To learn the Diary chemistry.
2. To understand the agricultural chemistry,
3. To learn about the food chemistry,
4. To understand the cosmetic and other materials such as drugs,
5. To learn about the Ceramics and dyes.

UNIT-I (06 Hrs)

DAIRY CHEMISTRY
Milk: Composition of milk – Milk fat – Milk protein – Milk sugar and its Nutritive
value,physical properties.Effect of heat ,Acid,enzymes– Micro organism – Milk processing –
pasteurisation. Ice cream – Milk powder.
Milk products : Non fermented products,milk substituents.
UNIT-II (06 Hrs)
AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY
Plant nutrients –Requisites of good fertilizers - Effect of Nitrogen on plant growth, deficiency
symptoms - examples for nitrogenous fertilizers: - Effect of Phosphorous on plant growth, deficiency
symptoms – -examples for phosphatic fertilizers. Effect of potassium on plant growth, deficiency
symptoms - examples for potassium fertilizers – Functions of secondary and micro nutrients.
Manures: Farm yard manure–Compost making – Green manuring - Concentrated organic
manures: Oil cakes. Difference between fertilizer and manure – Superiority of manure over fertilizer -
Biofertilizers: Rhizobium, Azatobacter, Cyano bacteria.
UNIT-III (06 Hrs)
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Food classification and functions- Digestion in mouth, stomach and intestine. Absorption-
spoilages, preservation techniques (canning,dehydration, freeze–drying. salting, pickling, pasteurizing,
fermenting and carbonating) .
Food additives – colouring (Natural and synthetic colours)-List of permitted colours
(Curcumin, Riboflavin, Betacarotene, Plain Caramel and amaranth)- description and uses.
 Flavouring agents – Anti oxidants – Emulsifiers- Acidulants and beverages.Soft drinks aerated
water (ingredients and side effects).
UNIT IV (06 Hrs)
COSMETIC AND OTHER MATERIALS
Cosmetics – Face powder – constituents, uses, side effects. Nail polish, hair dye – composition
and side effects.
Tooth powder – composition and manufacture. Lotions. Preparation of phenyl, liquid blue and
incense sticks.
Cleaning agents: Soaps- types and cleaning action – detergents – types –merits anddemerits of
soap and detergents –chemical definitions of shampoo, washing powder and bleaching powder.
UNIT V (06 Hrs)
MATERIAL CHEMISTRY
Ceramics: Ceramics: components and classification of ceramics-general properties of ceramics-
clays-types – properties ceramics products-manufacture of porcelain.
Dyes and Dyeing process: Difference between dye and pigment -Witt’s colour theory,
classification of dyes based on application (Direct, Vat, Acid,Reactive, Mordant and Disperse)

Course outcomes: After completion of the course, Students will be able to

1. Explain the Diary chemistry.
2. Recognize the agricultural chemistry,
3. Gain knowledge of the food chemistry,
4. Understand the cosmetic and other materials such as drugs,
5. Differentiate the Ceramics and dyes.

REFERENCES
1. K. Kumarasamy, A. Alagappa Moses and M. Vasanthy, “Environmental studies”,
Bharathidasan University, Thiruchirappalli.
2. Alex Ramani, “Food Chemistry”, MJP publishers (2009), Chennai.
3. Jayashree Gosh, “Text book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry” New Delhi, S.Chand & Company
Ltd.,(2003).
4. K. Bagavathi Sundari , “Applied Chemistry” MJP Publishers, (2006)Chennai.
5. A Thankamma Jacob (1979), A Text Book of Applied Chemistry, 1st edition,Mc Millan India
Ltd.
6. Hesse P.R, A text book of soil chemical analysis John Murray, New York,1971.
7. Buchel K.H, Chemistry of Pesticides, John Wiley & Sons New York 1983.

*****