EXPERIMENT 3

Table 3. Indirect Control of Single Acting Cylinder Simulation Results

Roller Lever Type
Left Right
Depressed Rectract Extend
Condition
Released Extend Rectract

EXPERIMENT 4
Table 4. Direct Control of Single Acting Cylinder Using Relay Control Simulation
Result
Cylinder
Function PB1 PB2 Indicator Light
Condition
Depressed Released On Extend
Depressed Depressed On Extend
OR
Released Released Off Retract
Released Depressed On Extend
Depressed Released Off Retract
Depressed Depressed On Extend
AND
Released Released Off Retract
Released Depressed Off Retract

DATA ANALYSYS
Experiment 3. Indirect Control of Single Acting Cylinder
The third experiment, the indirect control in pneumatic control was simulated by using
the label and distance rule. The results obtained in the simulation are when the push
button on the valve in the left position is pressed in the left type roller, the cylinder in the
right position will be closed while the cylinder in the left position opens, and when the
push button is released on the valve in the left position, the cylinder in the right position
opens. or extend while the cylinder in the left position is closed, and the opposite happens
to the right type roller, namely when the valve in the left position of the push button is
pressed, then the cylinder in the right position will be open or extended, when the push
button on the left position valve is released, the cylinder on closed right position or retract
according to cylinder in left position.

Experiment 4. Direct Control of Single Acting Cylinder Using Relay Control

The fourth experiment, a relay was used to directly control a single acting cylinder. The
relay was electronically controlled by either OR Function Parallel Circuit or AND
Function Parallel Circuit using a 24 Volt voltage source. The relay was then connected to
a valve that controls the single acting cylinder. The valve used in this experiment was a
normally closed valve. A light indicator was also used to signify the condition of the
cylinder. The light would turn on when cylinder is on extended condition and would turn
off when the cylinder is on retracted condition. The result of the simulation was, for the
OR -controlled relay, the light indicator would turn off and the cylinder would retract
only when both switches are released. Otherwise, the light indicator would turn on and
the cylinder would extend. As for the AND-controlled relay, the light indicator would
turn on and the cylinder would extend only when both switches are depressed. Otherwise,
the light indicator would turn off and the cylinder would retract.

EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS
Experiment 3. Indirect Control of Single Acting Cylinder
1. Explain why we need two cylinders for this experiment
2. Why we need to place the position of the roller in the right place, explain briefly!
 3. Explain how the whole system of the two circuits works!
Answer
1. We need two cylinders because, to find out how the control of the valve works
using the distance rule and labels that indirectly move the valve in the right
position when the valve in the left position is moved
2. Roller lever must be placed in the right place. For example, roller lever designed
to the left, when the lever is moved the valve moves to the left, and vice versa. If
we place the position of the roller incorrectly, the output will be not as we
expected.
3. The indirect control of single acting cylinder works if we depressed the roller
lever, the air flow will go through the cylinder. After that, the cylinder will be
pushed. The cylinder that labelled with A1 will conduct the next roller lever and
it will pull the roller. When roller lever is pulled, there will be no air flow. So the
cylinder will retract. For next test, is similar with the experiment before. But, it is
linier, when the first cylinder extend, it will conduct and pull the second roller.
So, the air flow will go through and extend the cylinder.

Experiment 4. Direct Control of Single Acting Cylinder Using Relay Control

1. Explain why we need relay for this experiment!
2. Explain the function of solenoid in the valve briefly!
3. Explain how the whole system of the two circuits works!
Answer
1. Relay is needed to connect OR function and AND function circuit to the solenoid
valve. So we can directly and electronically control the single cylinder.
2. Solenoid converts electrical energy from the relay into mechanical energy that
controls the N.C. valve, so we can directly control the the acting cylinder.
Solenoid acts like a “bridge” between the electric parts and mechanical parts of
this experiment.
3. The OR and AND circuit, which are connected to a voltage supply are first
connected to a relay that connects to a solenoid valve that connects to the acting
cylinder. The solenoid converts electrical energy form the relay to a mechanical
energy to control the N.C. valve. The valve then controls the acting cylinder.
Therefore, we can directly control the cylinder by pushing the switches. A light
indicator was also connected to the relay. Turned on light indicates logic “1” of
the relay and turned off light indicates logic “0” of the relay. In the first circuit,
which is the OR Function Parallel Circuit, we can directly control the acting
cylinder by manually pressing the switches provided. The result is the light
indicator would turn off and the cylinder would retract only when both switches
are released. As for the AND-controlled relay, the light indicator would turn on
and the cylinder would extend only when both switches are depressed.
Figure Cylinder condition in 3/2-way Roller Lever Valve (Left) when valve’s
push button is released

Figure Cylinder condition in 3/2-way Roller Lever Valve (Left) when valve’s
push button is depressed
Figure Cylinder condition in 3/2-way Roller Lever Valve (Right) when valve’s
push button is released

Figure Cylinder condition in 3/2-way Roller Lever Valve (Right) when valve’s
push button is depressed
Figure OR function parallel circuit simulation

Figure AND function parallel circuit simulation