Instruction Manual

For

Reflector Type Magnetic Compass

SR―165
Model. SR―

ESTABLISHED 1916
Saura Keiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.
No.339-1, Ohkubo-Ryoke,Sakuraku, Saitama, Saitama
Japan 338-0826
Tel: +81 488 54 3131 Fax: +81 488 54 3148
Introduction
This instruction manual is a guide book to use the reflecting magnetic compass, Model
SR-165.
Please read and understand this instruction manual before conducting installation of this
magnetic compass, bearing measurement, maintenance or magnetic deviation adjustment.
It is also recommended to operate the compass with this manual under your hand at all
times.

Contents of this instruction manual

“Precautions on Safety” 1
Chapter1 Installation of In-board Magnetic Compass 2
Chapter 2 Bearing Measurement Manual 9
Chapter 3 Maintenance Manual 12
Chapter 4 Magnetic Deviation Adjustment Manual 16

“Precautions on Safety”
To use a magnetic compass safely, proper operation and maintenance are essential. DO
NOT conduct installation, bearing measurement, maintenance or magnetic deviation
adjustment until when you have carefully read and fully understood the precautions on
safety described in this instruction manual. When you use this compass in the way which
is not described in this instruction manual, it is your responsibility to take necessary
measures and consideration for safety.

In this instruction manual, precautions for safety are stated under the headings of
“Warning” and “Caution.”
“Warning” is a precaution which may lead to an accident causing injury or death if it is not
observed.
“Caution” is a precaution which may lead to a damage of equipment if it is not observed.

１
Chapter 1 Installation of Magnetic Compass in Ship
Introduction
This chapter describes the installation position and installation method of a
magnetic compass in ship.
Installation, commissioning and maintenance of SR-165 Reflector Magnetic
Compass can be handled only by those who have certain experience with and
knowledge about installation and servicing of other navigational equipment or any
qualified personnel from staff of local Saura dealers.
The person(s) who installs a magnetic compass should observe the instructions
stated in this chapter.
Instructions will be given according to the following structure.
(A) Terms and Definitions
(B) Particulars of Device
(C) Precautions
(D) Unpacking
(E) Positioning of Magnetic Compass in ship
(F) Assembly and Wiring
(G) Adjustment of Periscope

(A) Terms and Definitions

The terms used in this instruction manual are as defined in ISO 1069 (1973).

２
 (B) Particulars of Device

No Name of Part Quantity Remarks

1 Compass Bowl 1
2 Binnacl Stand 1 Bolts, Nuts & Washers：M16 4pieces
3 Helmet 1
4 Cover Sheet 1
5 Periscope 1 Screw & Washers：M5 6pieces
6 Lighting System 1
7 Correcting Magnets 10 Strong Dark Blue & Red：φ10×140
8 Correcting Magnets 6 Weak Light Blue & Red：φ10×140
9 Flindars’s Bars 5 Pure Iron Bars：φ5×500
10 D Correcting Plates 10 Pure Iron Plates：240×80×t1
11 H Correcting Holder 1
12 Azimuth Devices 1
13 Shadow Pins 3
14 Base of Shadow Pins 1
15 Spare lamps 4 The Spare Lamps becomes two per one Kind
of power supply voltage.

(C) Precautions
Please observe all precautions on safety.
(D) Unpacking
Pull out the product with the upside mark on the box pointing upward.
(E) Positioning of Magnetic Compass in ship
『Positioning of Magnetic Compass in ship』are defined in ISO694（2000）.
Quoted as follows, is a part of ISO694（2000）;
1Omitted
2 Omitted 2.1 Omitted 2.2 Omitted
3 Omitted 3.1 Omitted 3.2 Omitted

3.3 (Abstracted) minimum distance

distance measured between the nearest point of magnetic material which is part
of the ship's structure and the center of the compass, shown in Figure 1
Take minimum distance in vertical axis.
Take overall length of ship in lateral axis.

３
 Take many kinds of magnetic material in line.
As follows it is defined a few kinds of magnetic material .
■ － ■ － ■ represent 『 Uninterrupted fixed magnetic materials (except
horizontal deck)』.
◆－◆－◆ represent『End parts of fixed magnetic material, such as top
edges of walls, partitions and bulkheads, extremities of frames, girders,
stanchions, beams, pillars and similar steel parts. Magnetic material subject to
movement at sea such as davits, ventilators, steel doors, etc.
Large masses of magnetic material with variable fields such as funnels a .』.
a "Funnel" is understood to mean that part of the funnel uptake or exhaust
pipe which is liable to heating. The funnel casing may be regarded as fixed
magnetic material.

5
Minimum Distace

4
3
m

2
1
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Overall Iength of Ship
ｍ

Figure 1 – Minimum distance from the standard magnetic compass

4 General
4.1 Compass positions
The specifications governing the minimum distances of a compass from magnetic material
take into consideration the accuracy required of that compass for normal navigation.
The magnetic compass shall be positioned in the center of the ship. Deviation from this
requirement is only acceptable in exceptional cases.

4.2 Safe distances

Safe distances from the magnetic compass are prescribed for magnetic and electrical
equipment. They are defined as the minimum distances considered necessary for any of
these items in order to eliminate or greatly reduce the magnetic fields acting on the magnetic
compass and causing it to deviate.

４
4.3 Omitted 4.4 Omitted 4.4.1 Omitted

4.4.2 The standard magnetic compass shall be sited in the vicinity of the position from which
the ship is ordinarily navigated and the view of the horizon from this position shall be as
uninterrupted as possible, for the purpose of taking bearings. In the sector from right ahead
to 115° on either side, the view of the horizon may be interrupted only by masts, derrick
posts, cranes and similar obstructions.

4.4.3 Omitted 4.4.4 Omitted 4.4.5 Omitted

5 Minimum distance requirements concerning the ship's structure

5.1 (Abstracted) The standard compass shall be so positioned that it complies with the
minimum distance requirements for magnetic material which may be regarded as part of the
ship's structure, as indicated in Figure 1. Any magnetic material in the vicinity of the
compass but outside the minimum distances (see Figure 1) should be disposed
symmetrically relative to the compass.

5.2 Omitted 5.3 Omitted 5.4 Omitted 5.5 Omitted 5.6 Omitted

5.7 The standard compass and the steering compass shall not be placed in a wheelhouse
completely constructed of magnetic material. If the wheelhouse is partly constructed of
magnetic material, the magnetic parts should be disposed symmetrically relative to the
compass.
6 Safe-distance requirements for magnetic and electrical equipment and electric cables
6.1 Magnetic and electrical equipment and cables carrying direct current close to a magnetic
compass may produce a deviation of that compass.

6.1.1 In order that the removal or replacement of any item of equipment will not introduce
any unacceptable deviation, such an item shall not be placed closer to the compass than its
safe distance.
The safe distance for any item shall be determined by the method described in annex A.
Clips and other components in the vicinity of magnetic compasses shall be of
non-magnetic material.

6.1.2 Electric wiring carrying direct current, other than coils used for compass correction,
within 5 m of magnetic compasses, shall be arranged bipolarly so that the magnetic fields

５
generated by the two opposite currents compensate each other.

6.2 Omitted

6.3 (Abstracted) Items for which the safe distance is not known shall not be placed nearer
than 5 m to the standard compass or the steering compass. This distance may, however, be
reduced to 3 m for standard compasses and steering compasses in ships intended for
restricted service only.

6.4 Omitted

6.5 Magnetic compasses shall not be placed nearer than 2 m to one another or to magnetic
control sensors. In ships of less than 60 m overall length, this distance may be reduced to
1,8 m.

Annex A Omitted

６
(F) Assembly and Wiring
1. Preparation of Ship
Prepare a metal base having bolt holes for a binnacle and a hole for a fixed pipe
and a cable hole at a shipbuilding yard. Make holes through which the reflecting
tube is installed at the deck and the ceiling of the wheelhouse.

2. Assembly of Periscope
Screw the lower part of the binnacle at the place where the fixed pipe shall be
installed with the nameplate of the periscope pointing the stern.

3. Installation of Binnacle
It is necessary to install the magnetic compass exactly in line with the direction of
the bow to measure the bearing of the bow accurately.
① Place a rubber base gasket under a binnacle stand.
② Temporarily bolt the binnacle stand with its bow side directing the
bow.
③ Parallel the bow line mark and the bow-stern line exactly by fine
tuning the direction of the binnacle stand.
④ Tighten the bolts connecting the binnacle stand and the base.
“Caution”
If the bolts are not secure, this may cause submergence.

4. Wiring
Wiring should be conducted when electric power is not supplied.
Connect 2 power supplies from AC100, AC110, AC200 or AC220 and DC24.
Check if a lamp lights by turning on the power after the connection is completed.
“Warning”
Electrical works involve the risk of an electrification accident.

5 .Assembly of Compass Bowl

Put a compass bowl in by releasing compass clamps and fasten them again.

6. Assembly of Helmet and Canvas Cover

Put a helmet in place and secure it with hatch clips.
Shroud the binnacle stand with a canvas cover provided and tie down.

７
(H) Adjustment of Periscope
Let a mirror be reflected in a compass card from the steering position by adjusting;
(1) height of a slide scope and (2) angle of a mirror

(1) Height of slide scope:

The slide scope can be slid by loosening the screws on both sides.
Adjust the height of the mirror at the height of your eye line.
(2) Angle of mirror:
The angle of the mirror can be changed by loosening the screws on both
sides.

“Warning”
If you look at sunlight directly via the mirror, you may be at the risk of an eye injury.
When you look at a reflected image via the mirror, put the helmet in place and turn on
the light.

８
Chapter 2 Bearing Measurement Manual
Introduction
This chapter describes a bearing measurement method with magnetic compass in
ship compass.
The person(s) who uses the magnetic compass in ship should observe the
instructions stated in this chapter.
Instructions will be given according to the following structure.
(A) Terms and Definitions
(B) Purpose of Use
(C) Principle of Operation
(D) Precautions
(E) Configuration of Device
(F) Functions
(G) Specifications
(H) Flow of Usage

(A) Terms and Definitions

The terms used in this instruction manual are as defined in ISO 1069 (1973).
(B) Purpose of Use
This equipment is used to measure the bearing of the bow or target.
(C) Principle of Operation
A magnetic compass in ship measures magnetic bearing using the nature of
a magnet which points to the North and South. A full performance of a
magnetic compass cannot be obtained when the installation of it (Chapter 1)
and the adjustment of magnetic deviation (Chapter 4) are not performed
properly.
※ There is a difference between the true bearing and magnetic bearing. This
difference varies depending on the location.
(D) Precautions
Please observe all precautions on safety.
(E) Configuration of Device
NO Name of Part Quantity Remarks
12 Azimuth Device 1
13 Shadow Pins 3
14 Base of Shadow Pin 1

９
(F) Functions
１．This equipment is able to measure the bearing of the bow or target.
２．The bearing can be measured more accurately by using an azimuth device.
３．The bearing of the bow can also be measured using a periscope.
４．The lighting system can adjust its luminance.
５．The power supply can be selected for the lighting system.
(G) Specifications
This specification complies with ISO449 (1997).
(H) Flow of Usage
１．Prepare an azimuth instrument and remove the canvas sheet and helmet from
the magnetic compass.
２．Place the azimuth instrument in the compass bowl.
Open the collimation plate (Sight.B) and target plate (Sight.A) of the azimuth
instrument.
Insert the center part of the azimuth instrument into the center hole of the
compass bowl.
Adjust a guide so that it aligns with the circumference of a gimbal ring.
３. Roughly adjust the bearing of target with eyes.
Set the central axis of the azimuth instrument as a rotation axis.
Look at the azimuth instrument from above.
Set the target plate at the target side and the collimation plate at the
measuring person side.
４．Measure the bearing of the target accurately using the azimuth instrument.
Look through the slit of the collimation plate of the azimuth instrument.
Fine tune the azimuth instrument by rotating it so that the string of the
collimation plate slit, the string of the target plate slit and the target are aligned
with.
Now the value of the compass card read through the string of the azimuth
instrument is the bearing.
Care should be taken not to look direct into sunlight. If necessary, look
sunlight by reflecting it with a shade reflecting mirror after filtering through a
shade board.
※ An inclination of the compass bowl causes an error in bearing
measurement.
“Warning”
If you look at sunlight directly, you may be at the risk of vision loss.

１０
５．Check
When bearing measurement is completed, return the azimuth instrument to its
storage case, cover the helmet on the magnet compass and fasten the hatch
clips, and cover the canvas sheet over it, then hold the sheet with cords.

１１
Chapter 3 Maintenance Manual
Introduction
This chapter describes the preventive maintenance and repair of an magnetic
compass in ship.
The person(s) who uses the magnetic compass in ship should conduct maintenance
by observing the instructions stated in this chapter.
Instructions will be given according to the following structure.
(A) Terms and Definitions
(B) Particulars of Maintenance
(C) Precautions
(D) Specification of Replacement Part
(E) Specification of Operation
(F) Schedule and Procedure

(A) Terms and Definitions

The terms used in this instruction manual are as defined in ISO 1069 (1973).
(B) Particulars of Maintenance
(1) Preventive maintenance
(1)‐1. Protection from outer environment (1)‐2. Daily care
(2) Repair
(C) Precautions
Please observe all precautions on safety.
(D) Specification of Replacement Part
Obtain from its manufacturer.
(E) Specification of Operation
Threads of a screw will be broken if it is tightened too hard.
(F) Schedule and Procedure
(1) ‐1 Preventive maintenance Protection from outer environment
Carry out maintenance appropriately.
“Caution”
The interior of binnacle are not water proof. These droplets cause failure of the
compass.

(1)‐1‐1 Binnacle stand must be covered with the cover sheet provided
at all times to protect from the environment, except for the occasions when
access to the magnetic compass bowl is necessary, such as at the time of

１２
installation, maintenance as well as deviation adjustments or bearing
measurements.

Caution: Failure in this may result in deterioration or damage of the

equipment.

(1)‐1‐2 Waterproof protection will not be provided unless the top cover
helmet is put in place, and may cause damages inside with water coming in
through leaks.
(1)‐1－3．The temperature specification of the compass bowl is from –30℃ to
60℃. --Keep away from direct sunlight under the scorching sun. Also turn on
the light bulb within the binnacle in cold regions.
(1)‐1‐4．When the binnacle, azimuth instrument or compass bowl is exposed
to sea breeze, remove salt with a dump cloth.

(1) – 2 Preventive maintenance Daily care

１．Lubricate the bearings of compass bowl and gimbal ring once a year.
２．Lubricate the screws, nuts and bolts of the binnacle stand once a year.
３．Check for loosened screws at appropriate interval or once a year.

(2) Repair
Case 1. Images do not appear.
1 – 1 Cause The light bulb within the binnacle is burned out.
Measure Replace the bulb.
1 – 2 Cause The power is not on.
Measure Turn the power on.
1 – 3 Cause The resistance of the luminance adjuster is narrowed down too
much.
Measure Adjust the adjuster adequately.
Other causes
The failure of the luminance adjuster is a possible cause. Replace or repair it.

Case 2. Images do not appear.

2 – 1 Cause The lower portion of the compass bowl, the flat reflecting mirror
attached to the periscope or the lens within the binnacle
stand is not clean.

１３
 Measure Clean with a damp cloth.

Case 3. The movement of the compass card is not natural.

3 －1 Cause When small bubbles occur in the compass bowl.
There is a possibility that bubbles adhered to gaps in the
compass bowl are coming out.
Measure Handle the compass bowl under an environment with
temperature of 20℃ +/- 3 ℃
Prepare distilled water.
Turn up an alcohol filler hole located at the side of the
compass bowl.
Move the bubbles to the filler hole.
Unscrew the cap of the filler hole. The alcohol inside the bowl
will overflow due to pressure difference and the bubbles will
also come out.
When the alcohol inside the bowl does not overflow and the
bubbles do not come out, add distilled water to remove the
bubbles.
Screw the cap of the filler hole and seal the bowl to prevent the
leakage of the liquid inside.
3－2 Cause When large bubbles occur in the compass bowl.
The body of the compass bowl may be damaged.
Measure Send it to the manufacturer for repair.
3 – 3 Cause Wear of the center of axle
Measure If it is not adequate for use, send it to the manufacturer for
repair.
3 – 4 Cause Abnormality of magnetic deviation
Measure (1) Record the magnetic deviations, date & time and
degrees of latitude at the 8 bearing points of the magnetic
compass without changing the position of an adjustment tool.
(2) Other than this, record the magnetic deviation at different
latitude (the position of the adjustment tool is same as (1)).
(3) Refer to the records taken in (1) and (2) when adjusting
magnetic deviation next time.

１４
Case 4 Compass bowl is inclined.
4 – 1 Cause Damage or failure of the gimbal ring bearing or axis.
Measure Replacement of the gimbal ring bearing or axis.
4 – 2 Cause Corrosion or dirt inclusion of the gimbal ring bearing or axis.
Measure Remove corrosion or dirt and lubricate. Alternatively,
replace it (them).

Please contact the manufacturer for the trouble which is not stated here or
cannot be fixed by yourselves.

１５
Chpter4 Magnetic Deviation Adjustment Manual

Introduction
A magnetic compass, when installed at a wrong location in improper manner with
incomplete deviation adjustment, can not perform at its best.
This chapter discusses simplified principles and procedures for magnetic compass
deviation adjustments. However, the descriptions and explanations in this chapter
should be noted as general remarks, which can be referred to for an emergency case.
It is strongly recommended that deviation adjustments should always be carried out by a
qualified compass adjuster for the best possible results.
The person(s) who adjusts magnetic deviation of a magnetic compass should
observe the instructions stated in this chapter
Instructions will be given according to the following structure.

(A) Terms and Definitions

(B) Purpose
(C) Principle of Operation
(C) Precautions
(E) Preparation
(F) Configuration and Specification of Device
(G) Adjustment of Magnetic Deviation

(A) Terms and Definitions

The terms used in this instruction manual are defined in ISO 1069 (1973).
(B) Purpose
To elicit full performance of a magnetic compass.
(C) Principle of Operation
Correct the magnetism of a ship using a magnetic material.
(C) Precautions
Please observe all precautions on safety.
(E) Preparation
The magnetic materials listed in (F) and an azimuth instrument.
＊Refer to Chapter 2 for the usage of an azimuth instrument.

１６
 (F) Configuration and Specification of Device
NO Name of Part Quantity Remarks
7 Correcting Magnets 10 Strong：Dark Blue & Red：φ10×140
8 Correcting Magnets 6 Weak：Light Blue & Red：φ10×140
9 Flindars’s Bars 5 Pure Iron Bars：φ5×500
10 D Correcting Plates 10 Pure Iron Plates：240×80×t1
“Caution”
Pure iron or a magnet will lose its performance significantly or be damaged if
high temperature, shock or magnetic force is applied. Replace it if it loses its
performance significantly or is damaged

(G) Adjustment of Magnetic Deviation

１．Magnetic deviation of the ship

A magnetic compass installed on a ship is affected by the magnetism of the ship

body and the compass generally directs slightly different from the magnetic bearing
of the earth. The degree of the difference varies depending on the bearing of the
bow. This is called as “magnetic deviation.” Its value is different from ship to ship.
The adjustment of magnetic deviation is to eliminate the effect of the magnetism of
the ship body using a correcting device and try to align the direction of magnetic
meridian of the Earth with the North-South line of a compass as close as possible.
The magnetic deviation of a compass will vary due to aging and loads on a ship, so
adjustment of magnetic deviation for every several years is recommended.

2. Correcting devices

2 -1 B & C (semicircular deviation) correcting devices

The B correcting devices are vertical holders located on both sides of the binnacle
and they have 20 holes to insert correcting magnets, respectively. In C correction,
the magnetic deviation in the E-W (East - West) bearing shall be corrected.
The C correcting device is one vertical holder located on the stern side of the
binnacle and it has 20 holes to insert correcting magnets. In C correction, the
magnetic deviation in the N-S (North - South) bearing shall be corrected.
The amount of correction is larger in upper holes and smaller in lower holes.
The north pole of a correcting magnet is painted in red.

１７
 2 -2 D (quadrant deviation) correcting devices
In D correction, D correcting plates are placed in the boxes located on both sides
of the binnacle.
The D correction corrects the magnetic deviations in the N-E, S-E, S-W and N-W
(North – East, South – East, South – West and North - West) bearings. However
they only exist in the lateral direction, so they only correct in + D direction.

2 -3 H (heeling error) correcting device

The H correcting device corrects the vertical magnetic deviation by inserting
correction magnets (same as B and C corrections) into a holder which can be moved
upward or downward on the center pipe of the binnacle. The degree of correction is
adjusted with the number of magnets (up to 7) and the distance from the magnetic
compass.

2 – 4 Flinders’s bar
Remove the cover of wood holder located at the bow side of the binnacle and
correct induced magnetism in the E-W (East - West) direction by inserting flinders
bars.

Forward

Flinders's bars holder

H correcting devices
B correcting devices B correcting devices
D correcting devices D correcting devices

Binnacle C correcting devices

Figure 1. Configuration of Correction Devices

１８
3. Preparation for magnetic deviation correction

Prepare by selecting appropriate bearing such as celestial bearing, target bearing

or gyro bearing and compare with it according to the situation.
For example, check the bearings of the sun at certain times beforehand or check
the bearing of the target from your ship with a marine chart etc. When you use a
gyrocompass, check the machine’s deviation beforehand.
Plan the schedule for deviation correction in advance, such as the place and time
where and when the program should be carried out, and ship’s speed with which the
vessel should be sailed.
Check the deviation and annual equation from a marine chart and also check
dangerous areas for marine navigation. Make the ship in navigation condition.
Keep things around the magnetic compass in neat and good order. Prepare all
correcting devices.
If you prepare a recording paper and record the process of the correction, this will
be helpful for the next correction.

１９
 4. Sequence of magnetic deviation adjustment

1. Measurement of magnetic deviation before correction and analysis of the result

2. Rough correction of D (quadrant deviation)
3. Rough correction of B (Semicircular deviation) using flinders bars
4. Rough correction of H (heeling error)
5. Correction of B & C (Semicircular deviations)
6. Correction of D (quadrant deviation)
7. Correction of H (heeling error)
8. Measurement of residual deviation

5. Procedure of magnetic deviation

5 -1 Measurement of magnetic deviation before correction

Measure magnetic deviations in 8 bearings at the magnetic compass bearings of
N, N-E, E, S-E, S, S-W, W and N-W and grasp rough correction amounts of
magnetic deviations for each direction by analyzing them.

5 -2 Rough correction of D (quadrant deviation)

Based on the results of magnetic deviation analysis and the value of D, place
appropriate numbers of the pure iron plate in the D correction box.
Rough correction amounts are 1 – 2° for 1 plate on both sides and 7 – 8°degrees
for 5 plates on both sides.

Forward（NE,SE,SW,NW）
Degree of correction(+)

D correcting devices D correcting devices

NE

Pure iron plates

Figure 2. Rough Correction of D

２０
5 - 3 Rough correction of B (Semicircular deviation) using flinders’s bars
The amount of correction with flinders’s bars should be adjusted preferably in
accordance with the latitude where the vessel is stationed. If data and correction
records from other vessels of an identical size are available, you may use such data
for reference to determine the appropriate amount for correction.
Correct the deviation by inserting flinders’s bars into the wood holder located at
the bow side of the binnacle.

Forward(E,W)

Flinders's bars holder Pure iron bars

Binnacle

Figure 3. Correction Using Flinders’s Bars

5 – 4 Rough correction of H (heeling error)
If data and correction records from other vessels of an identical size are available,
you may use such data for reference to determine the appropriate amount for
correction. But if not, perform the correction procedures.

Forward

H correcting devices

Correcting magnets
Binnacle

Figure 4. Rough Correction of H

２１
5 - 5 Correction of B & C (Semicircular deviations)
* The north pole of a correcting magnet is painted in red.
1) In the B correction, the bearing of the ship bow is directed to E-W and the deviation
is corrected by inserting correction magnets into the B correction holders.
a) When the bearing of the ship bow is directed to E and the compass bearing is
deviated from the actual magnetic bearing in clockwise, this is called a plus (+)
magnetic deviation. The direction of the magnets for the B correction is shown
in Figure 5.

Forward(E)
Degree of correction(+)

B correcting devices B correcting devices

E
N N

Binnacle
Figure 5. B Correction (+)
b) When the bearing of the ship bow is directed to E and the compass bearing is
deviated from the actual magnetic bearing in counterclockwise, this is called
a minus (-) magnetic deviation. The direction of the magnets for the B
correction is shown in Figure 6.
Forward(E)
Degree of correction(-)

B correcting devices B correcting devices

N N

Binnacle

Figure 6. B Correction (-)

２２
c) When the bearing of the ship bow is directed to W and the compass bearing is
deviated from the actual magnetic bearing in clockwise, this is called a plus (+)
magnetic deviation. The direction of the magnets for the B correction is shown in
Figure 7.

Forward(W)
Degree of correction(+)

B correcting devices B correcting devices

N N

Binnacle

Figure 7. B Correction (+)

d) When the bearing of the ship bow is directed to W and the compass bearing is
deviated from the actual magnetic bearing in counterclockwise, this is called a
minus (-) magnetic deviation. The direction of the magnets for the B correction is
shown in Figure 8.

Forward(W)
Degree of correction(-)

B correcting devices B correcting devices

W
N N

Binnacle

Figure 8. B Correction (-)

２３
2) In the C correction, the bearing of the ship bow is directed to N-S and the deviation
is corrected by inserting correction magnets into the C correction holder.
a) When the bearing of the ship bow is directed to N and the compass bearing is
deviated from the actual magnetic bearing in clockwise, this is called a plus (+)
magnetic deviation. The direction of the magnets for the C correction is shown
in Figure 9.

Forward(N)
Degree of correction(+)

Binnacle C correcting devices

Figure 9. C Correction (+)

b) When the bearing of the ship bow is directed to N and the compass bearing is
deviated from the actual magnetic bearing in counterclockwise, this is called a
minus (-) magnetic deviation. The direction of the magnets for the C correction
is shown in Figure 10.

Forward(N)
Degree of correction(-)

Binnacle C correcting devices

Figure 10. C Correction (-)

２４
c) When the bearing of the ship bow is directed to S and the compass bearing is
deviated from the actual magnetic bearing in clockwise, this is called a plus (+)
magnetic deviation. The direction of the magnets for the C correction is shown
in Figure 11.

Forward(S)
Degree of correction(+)

Binnacle C correcting devices

Figure 11. C Correction (+)

d) When the bearing of the ship bow is directed to S and the compass bearing is
deviated from the actual magnetic bearing in counter clockwise, this is called a
minus (-) magnetic deviation. The direction of the magnets for the C correction
is shown in Figure 12.

Forward(S)
Degree of correction(-)

Binnacle C correcting devices

Figure 12. C Correction (-)

２５
 5- 6 Correction of D (quadrant deviation)
In the D correction, the deviation is corrected by inserting pure iron plates into the
correction boxes located both sides of the binnacle.
The D correction corrects the deviations in N-E, S-E, S-W and N-W (North – East,
South – East, South – West and North - West). However, they only exist in the lateral
direction, so they only corrects in + D direction.
The degree of correction is adjusted with the number of pure iron plates and the
distance. Rough correction amounts are 1 – 2°for 1 plate on both sides and 7 – 8°
for 5 plates on both sides.
If more correction is needed, remove the D correction box and reattach it by
rotating 90°.
In such case, change the position of mounting holes of the D correction box.

Forward（NE,SE,SW,NW）
Degree of correction(+)

D correcting devices D correcting devices

NE

Pure iron plates

Forward（NE,SE,SW,NW）
Degree of correction(+)

D correcting devices D correcting devices

NE

Pure iron plates

When a greater amount of correction is required

Figure 13. D Correction (+)

２６
5 – 7 Correction of H (heeling error)
Measure vertical magnetic field using a dipping needle instrument or vertical
magnetic field measuring device. If the deviation is plus (+) side of the result, insert
the magnet(s) with its red end (N) upward, and if the deviation is minus (-) side,
insert the magnet(s) with its red end (N) downward.
The degree of correction is adjusted with the number of magnets and the position
of the holder.
Forward

H correcting devices

Correcting magnets

Figure 14. H (heeling error) Correction

When correction is completed , fix a chain on a hook.

H correcting holder chain

hook

Figure 15 Fixation of Holder for H correction

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 * When the correction of magentic deviations are completed, store the remaining
correction magnets with the adjascent magnets are paired so that the oppsit poles of
the magnets are adjascent to each other.

5 - 8 Measurement of residual deviation

When the adjustment of magentic deviations is completed, measure the remaining
magnetic deviations in the 8 bearings and create a residual magnetic deviation
curve for the help of the next navigation.

0
-5 +5
N

NE

SE

SW

NW

Figure 16 An Example of A Residual Magnetic Deviation Curve

* Unautorized reproduction or revision of this document is prohibited.

Saura Keiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.

The 3rd edition, 2014

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