: Agriculture and Fishery

Sector

Qualification Title : Organic Agriculture Production NC II

Writers: Julievi B. Fernandez Tessie Jane B. Bolasco

Libertine A. Pana Charlane Jade A. Alinsub
Harold S. Putiz Noel V. Danwata
Rodel S. Desabille Edgar O. Fernandez
Alfan D. Fabio Blessel Joy L. Palomar

Illustrators: Ethelbert D. Somera John Mark J. Oliveros

D-jay P. Gloria Arniel H. Austria

Proofreaders: Edgar O. Fernandez

Charlane Jade A. Alinsub
 HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Welcome to the module in Organic Agriculture Production NC II. This module
contains training materials and activities for you to complete.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to complete
each learning outcome of the module. Follow the activities provided on your own. If you
have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your trainer/facilitator for assistance.
The goal of this module is the development of practical skills. To gain these skills,
you must learn basic components and terminology. For the most part, you’ll get this
information from the Information Sheets and TESDA website www.tesda.gov.ph.
To the Learner/s:
This module various and relevant activities and opportunities which will determine
how deep is your understanding of the different key concepts and demonstrate core
competencies as prescribed by TESDA Training Regulation in Organic Agriculture
Production.

Specifically, this module is crafted to focus on the different activities that will assess
your level in terms of skills and knowledge essential to get a Certificate of Competency
and/or National Certificate (NC II).

Successful completion of this specialization ensures that you have acquired the
essential skills to be on your way to becoming an agriculturist.
Sector : Agriculture and Fishery

Qualification Title :
Organic Agriculture Production NC II

: PRODUCE ORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Unit of Competency

: PRODUCING ORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Module Title
Writers: Edgar O. Fernandez Alfan D. Fabio
Illustrator: Ethelbert D. Somera John Mark J. Oliveros
D-Jay P. Gloria Arniel H. Austria

Proofreaders: Edgar O. Fernandez Charlane Jade A. Alinsub

 LIST OF COMPETENCIES
No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code
Core Competencies
1. Raise organic chicken Raising organic chicken AGR612301
2. Produce organic vegetables Producing organic
AGR611306
vegetables
3. Produce organic fertilizer Producing organic AGR611301
fertilizer
4. Produce organic concoctions Producing organic AGR611302
and extracts concoctions and extracts
Elective Competencies
5. Raise organic hogs Raising organic hogs AGR612302
6. Raise organic small Raising organic small
AGR612303
ruminants ruminants
UNIT OF COMPETENCY : PRODUCE ORGANIC FERTILIZER
MODULE TITLE : PRODUCING ORGANIC FERTILIZER
UNIT CODE : AGR611301
UNIT DESCRIPTOR : This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitude
required to produce organic fertilizers which include
tasks such as preparing composting area and raw
materials and carrying-out composting activities and
finally, harvesting of fertilizer.
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
ELEMENT Italicized terms are elaborated in the Range of Variables

1. Prepare 1.1 Site is selected based on compost fertilizer production

composting requirements and
area and 1.2 Site lay-out is prepared based on location.
raw 1.3 Bed is prepared in accordance with production
materials requirements.
1.4 Materials are gather based on production requirements and
PNS for organic fertilizer.
1.5 Prepare raw materials following enterprise procedure and
PNS for organic fertilizer.
2. Compost 2.1 Appropriate composting methods are applied based on
and harvest production requirements.
fertilizer 2.2 Compost is monitored based PNS indicators of fully
decomposed fertilizer.
2.3 Quality of harvest is checked based on PNS indicators of
fully decomposed fertilizer.
2.4 Processing of compost fertilizer are carried- out based on
production requirement.
2.5 Record keeping is performed according to enterprise
procedure.
 INTRODUCTION
The subjects under TVL track strictly follow TESDA’s rules, ensuring
workplace-ready students. In fact, every TVL strand helps students acquire job-
ready skills. The TVL track does not only guarantee skills but also ensures
employment, backed by TESDA certifications: Certificate of Competency (COC)
and National Certifications (NC). So, for students who want to get hired right away
in the field of agriculture, electronics, or trading, TVL track is for you.
Agri-Fishery strand offers subjects that are included in the field productions
in agriculture. These include Agri-Crop Production, Animal Production & Fish
Production. This strand will help you learn the needed skills when putting up a
business. There are also courses related to this strand that you can take such as
agriculture, fisheries, forestry, etc. Read on to know more about the last strand
under the TVL track.
Organic agriculture is a holistic production management system which
promotes and enhances agro-ecosystem health, including biodiversity, biological
cycles, and soil biological activity. It emphasizes the use of management practices
in preference to the use of off-farm inputs, considering that regional conditions
require locally adapted systems. This is accomplished by using, where possible,
agronomic, biological, and mechanical methods, as opposed to using synthetic
materials, to fulfil any specific function within the system.
In this chapter of this Organic Agriculture module, preparing the composting
area and raw materials and harvesting them were discussed. At the end of the
module you are expected to perform the different competencies such as selecting
site based on compost fertilizer production requirement, preparing site layout
based on location, preparing bed according to production requirements, gathering
materials for organic fertilizer based on production requirements and PNS,
applying appropriate composting method based on production requirements,
monitoring compost based on PNS indications of fully decomposed fertilizer,
checking quality of harvest based on PNS indications of fully decomposed fertilizer,
and carrying out processing of compost fertilizer based on production
requirements .
To the Learner/s:
This module various and relevant activities and opportunities which will
determine how deep is your understanding of the different key concepts and
demonstrate core competencies as prescribed by TESDA Training Regulation in
Organic Agriculture Production.
Specifically, this module is crafted to focus on the different activities that will
assess your level in terms of skills and knowledge essential to get a Certificate of
Competency and/or National Certificate (NC II).
Successful completion of this specialization ensures that you have acquired
the essential skills to be on your way to becoming an agriculturist.
Content Standard
The learner demonstrates an understanding of the basic concepts, underlying
theories and principles in producing organic fertilizer.
Performance Standard
The learner independently produces organic fertilizer based on TESDA Training
Regulations.
Objectives:
At the end of the module, you are expected to:
1. Select site based on compost fertilizer production requirement
2. Prepare site layout based on location
3. Prepare bed according to production requirements
4. Gather materials for organic fertilizer based on production requirements and
PNS

HOW TO USE THE LEARNING MODULE

Dear Learners,
Here are some things to remember before you use the learning module:
1. Answer first the Diagnostic Test or Assessment before you proceed to answering
the other activities in the module. The diagnostic assessment assesses how far
your learning are prior to reading the content of the lesson. Your teacher will
analyze and interpret the results so that the right learning needs will be given to
you.
2. This learning module contains the subject matter and activities that you have to
accomplish. Read and analyze each task carefully so you can give the correct
response to the questions. Remember that you should not skip any topic unless
told by your teacher. Each activity is a preparation for you next activity on the next
discussion.
3. For every learning objective, perform each prepared tasks or activities. This will
evaluate your learning on the topic discussed.
4. Lastly, do not write anything on the module.
5. Good luck, your teacher knows and believes that you can do it!
 DIAGNOSTIC TEST

PART I
Directions: Read the following questions carefully. Choose and encircle the letter
of your answer.
1. The following are the manifestations of Organic Fertilizer except ________.
A. The material is free of chemical substances
B. There is presence of high organic matter content
C. Raw materials used are indigenous in the locality
D. These are man-made fertilizers
2. Why is vermicomposting important?
A. It increases the fertility of the soil.
B. It decreases organic matter in the soil
C. It destroys the structure of the soil.
D. It can cause disease common in plant s.
3. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good composting site?
1. Good drainage system
2. Availability of water supply
3. Composting site Is placed on an area with maximum exposure to sunlight.
4. Accessibility of the composting site
4. The method of housing the worms is site specific and person specific.
A. True
B. False
5. What is the correct ratio of Carbon and Nitrogen in preparing the Raw Materials
for composting?
A. 30% Nitrogen and 70% Carbon
B. 70%Carbon and 30% Nitrogen
C. 50% Carbon and 50% Nitrogen
D. 40% Carbon and 60% Nitrogen
 6. The following are sources of Carbon except _________.
A. Animal Manure
B. Coco coir Dust
C. Banana Bracts
D. Madre de Cacao
7. This composting method can be done without air and will last for one (1) week.
A. Anaerobic
B. Aerobic
C. Decomposition
D. Biodegradable Materials
8. This composting method can be done with air and it may last to four to five weeks
after stocking the worms.
A. Anaerobic
B. Aerobic
C. Decomposition
D. Non-Biodegradable Materials
9. In bed preparation, it is important to observe the following expect _____.
A. The site is shaded.
B. The site has many predators.
C. The site is near to water.
D. the site must be free from predators.
10. Which of the following is not an example of macro-nutrients?
A. Carbon
B. Hydrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Iron
PART II
Direction: Arrange the following letters to come up with the correct words. Write your
answers on the space provided before each number.
1. Esit
2. Uotyal
3. Ezriltifer
4. Nciagor
5. War sliarmaet
6. Ngtispocom
7. Sloi
8. Wrom
9. Retuculervmi
10. Bde
PART III
Instruction: Enumerate the following:
1. Give at least three sources of Carbon.
2. Give two sources of nitrogen.
3. Characteristics of good composting site
PART IV
Direction: Write True if you think the statement is true and write False it you think it is
false. Write your answer on the space provided before each number.
1. Worms are livestock and should be cared for in order that they may be put to
best use
2. Worms do not convert waste into worm manure.
3. Vermicomposting is the use of worms as a composting method to produce
vermicompost.
4. Vermiculture is worm farming for the production of worms.
5. Organic fertilizers are made from mined rock minerals, and natural plant
and animal materials
6. The method of housing the worms is site specific and person specific.
7. Organic fertilizers can be powders, liquids, or solids, with each applied
differently.
8. Correct compost site selection can cause major problems, both in the short and
long term.
9. We have to prepare the bed by selecting site that is shaded, free from
predators, and near to the water source.
10. In preparing the raw materials (substrate), it is helpful to consider the source
and quality, the carbon to nitrogen (C: N) ratio and the size of the materials.
 CONCEPT REVIEW

LEARNING OUTCOME 1:
PREPARE COMPOSTING AREA AND RAW MATERIALS

Republic act no. 10068 is an act providing for the development and promotion of
organic agriculture in the Philippines and for other purposes. It is the policy of the State
to promote, propagate, develop further and implement the practice of organic agriculture
in the Philippines that will cumulatively condition and enrich the fertility of the soil, increase
farm productivity, reduce pollution and destruction of the environment, prevent the
depletion of natural resources, further protect the health of farmers, consumers, and the
general public, and save on imported farm inputs. Towards this end, a comprehensive
program for the promotion of community-based organic agriculture systems which
include, among others, farmer-produced purely organic fertilizers such as compost,
pesticides and other farm inputs, together with a nationwide educational and promotional
campaign for their use and processing as well as adoption of organic agriculture system
as a viable alternative shall be undertaken.
The term “Organic”
Organic refers to the particular farming and processing system, described in the
standards and not in the classical chemical sense. The term "organic" is synonymous in
other languages to "biological" or "ecological". It is also a labeling term that denotes
products considered organic based on the Philippine National Standards for organic
agriculture.
Organic Agriculture
On the other hand, organic agriculture includes all agricultural systems that
promote the ecologically sound, socially acceptable, economically viable and technically
feasible production of food and fibers. Organic agricultural dramatically reduces external
inputs by refraining from the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and pharmaceuticals.
Organic Fertilizers
Organic fertilizers comprise a variety of plant-derived materials that range from
fresh or dried plant material to animal manures and litters to agricultural by-products.
The senior high school learners in the TVL track under Agriculture strand
mandated to master the needed skills in order to become the best agriculturists in the
future. In this learning module, the process on how to prepare the composting site for
organic fertilizers is tackled along with the various raw materials needed for the
production. Incorrect compost site selection can cause major problems, both in the short
and long term. Selecting site based on Compost Fertilizer Production Requirement is an
essential consideration when preparing the composition area and the raw materials to be
used during the process. In this journey, you will be taught of the methods on how to
correctly choose the site for best results of the composition method. This module
discussed the ways to prepare the composting area and the different raw materials
needed for the composting process. At the end of the chapter of this module, the students
are expected to perform the following:
 LESSON OBJECTIVE:
SELECT SITE FOR COMPOSTING METHODS

Selecting Site

Worms are livestock and should be

cared for in order that they may be put to
best use. It is also recommended that the
site must be well above the flood level,
shaded, airy and it should be placed in an
area that water and raw materials are easily
available. The temperature that is about 26
degrees Celsius must also be observed.
Worms are living creatures which
need to be cared. Traditionally, worms have
been raised for fishing bait as well as a protein and enzyme source for various products,
including animal food and biodegradable cleansers. Worms have also been used to
manage agricultural wastes such as dairy manure. They convert waste into worm manure
(also known as worm castings), a nutrient-rich, biologically beneficial soil product. Worms
do not have skin and die when exposed to direct sunlight. The worm beds/containers are
should be shaded where it is airy. Water and raw materials are necessary and it follows
that the project, to be successful should also include cost. If the water and the raw
materials will have to be brought in at considerate expense, the coast of production would
increase and impact on the viability of the project
 Vermicomposting is the use of worms as a
composting method to produce vermicompost.
Vermiculture is worm farming for the production of worms.
In recent years, worm farming has been practiced on both
a small and large scale with three complementary goals in
mind: waste diversion, vermicomposting, and vermiculture.

In summary, a good composting has the following characteristics:

1. Good drainage system
2. Availability of water supply
3. Proximity to the source of raw materials
4. Accessibility of the composting site
5. Area of minimum contamination
6. Types of soil
7. Area with minimal sunlight
ACTIVITY 3.1.1

Your learning on this particular topic will be assessed using the KWL
CHART. Kindly reflect on the chart the things you have known before the topic was
discussed, the things that you have learned from the discussion and the things that
you want to learn in the future discussions.

Source: https://www.google.com/search?q=kwl+chart&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj
iIrWiZDqAhUC6ZQKHdy1DMkQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=kwl+chart&gs_lcp=
 LESSON OBJECTIVE:
IDENTIFY WHAT MAKES THE FERTILIZER ORGANIC

Pre-Test
Direction: Arrange the scrambled letters to come up with the correct words. Write your
answers on the space provided before each number.
1. Hceimalc
2. Ncaetsubs
3. Rgonaci
4. Niicnorga
5. Iosl
6. Erzlitirfe
7. Slairteam
8. Reintnust

What makes the fertilizer organic?

Organic fertilizers are made from

mined rock minerals, and natural plant
and animal materials. They include
ingredients like manure, guano, dried and
powdered blood, ground bone, crushed
shells, finely pulverized fish, phosphate
rock, and wood. While inorganic, or
synthetic, fertilizers may contain some
organic ingredients, the main difference is
that they act quickly to simply feed the
plant without actually enriching the soil, and may contribute to a toxic buildup of salts
in the soil when over applied.
 Organic fertilizers can be powders, liquids, or solids, with each applied
differently. Some organic fertilizers are manure or guano-based, using droppings
from livestock, worms, bats, and seabirds.
Organic fertilizers comprise a variety of plant-derived materials that range from
fresh or dried plant material to animal manures and litters to agricultural by-products. The
nutrient content of organic fertilizers varies greatly among source materials, and readily
biodegradable materials make better nutrient sources. Nitrogen and phosphorus content
is lower, often substantially lower, in organic fertilizers compared to chemical fertilizers.
Manifestations that a fertilizer is organic:
• The material is free of chemical substances
• Raw materials used are indigenous in the locality
• There is presence of high organic matter content
ACTIVITY 3.1.2

SELF CHECK!

Direction: Explain your answer to the question briefly and concisely.

1. How can we determine that the fertilizer is not organic and chemical?

2. What are your bases in identifying whether the fertilizer is organic or not?
Your output will be rated using this rubric:
10- Above 8- Meets 6 – Approaching 5- Below
CATEGORY Standards Standards Standards Standards Score

Sequencing Arguments Arguments and A few of the Many of the

and support support are support details or support details or
are provided provided in a arguments are not arguments are
in a logical fairly logical in an expected or not in an
order that order that logical order, expected or
makes it easy makes it distracting the logical order,
and reasonably easy reader and making distracting the
interesting to to follow the the essay seem a reader and
follow the author\'s train of little confusing. making the essay
author\'s train thought. seem very
of thought. confusing.

Grammar & Author makes Author makes 1- Author makes 3-4 Author makes
Spelling no errors in 2 errors in errors in grammar more than 4
grammar or grammar or or spelling that errors in grammar
spelling that spelling that distract the reader or spelling that
distract the distract the from the content. distract the
reader from reader from the reader from the
the content. content. content.

Capitalization Author makes Author makes 1- Author makes a Author makes

& Punctuation no errors in 2 errors in few errors in several errors in
capitalization capitalization or capitalization capitalization
or punctuation, but and/or punctuation and/or
punctuation, the essay is still that catch the punctuation that
so the essay easy to read. reader\'s attention catch the
is and interrupt the reader\'s attention
exceptionally flow. and interrupt the
easy to read. flow.
 LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

PREPARE SITE LAYOUT BASED ON LOCATION

Preparing the site layout in housing the worms for composting must be
carefully prepare so that the desired outputs can be realized. In this particular journey,
you will be taught of how to prepare the site layout based on location.
Site Lay-out
The method of housing the worms is site
specific and person specific. Conditions obtaining
in one place may not be present in another. As
such, the vermiculturist should decide what is best
suited for him and his place. However, a word
caution at this point is that for first-timers, it is
better to use tried and tested methods before
modification and combinations are done. With
more experiences and confidence, modifications
and combinations may be instituted. The following
are the options for the lay-out and housing type:

1. Worm Bins/ Worm Beds may be made of any

material available whether iron bars with plastic
lining, old plastic basins, bamboo slats, or hollow
blocks. The advantage of worm bins/ worm beds is
that they are movable and can be transferred.
However, they should be taken care of that they are
properly protected from direct sunlight, too much
water and natural predators. The substrate is
placed in the worm beds where the worms feed on
them.
2. Windrows are piles of substrate that are
decomposed before feeding them to the
worms. They are usually about 1 meter wide
and at least 1 meter high and can be any
lengths desired or practicable. They have to
be covered by plastic material or any organic
material that will protect the substrate and
ultimately the worms from the elements and
natural predators.

3. Housing structures are the best

options but are also the most expensive
and should also be considered when
finances permit. However, if there are
abandoned structures within the site,
these can be used as well.

4. In the more developed countries

where labor is expensive, some
companies opt to mechanical systems.
But, this can only be explored when the project is big enough and the finances
warrant this option because while the manpower is low, the capital expenditure is
high and hugely dependent on electricity.
 Try to determine your readiness in preparing your site lay-out using this
self-Assessment form. Accomplish this form by putting a check (/) on your desired
response to the question.
QUESTION VERY CERTAIN UNCERTAIN
CERTAIN
1. I now have plans on preparing the
site layout of my composting.
2. I am now decided on what option to
use in preparing my site lay-out.
3. Price is my major consideration in
deciding for the site lay-out.
4. I now know what option is suited for
me.
5. I now know the different options I
can use in preparing for the site lay-
out of my composting.
6. I consider my location in deciding
for the best option in planning for
my site lay-out.
 LESSON OBJECTIVE:
UNDERSTAND THE THINGS TO CONSIDER IN SELECTING THE SITE

Pres-Test
Direction: Imagine yourself preparing for your composting site. List down all the things
that you need to consider in selecting the area for your site. Use the space provided in
listing the things you have to consider.
Composting Site Selection
Incorrect compost site
selection can cause major problems, both in
the short and long term.

Characteristics of good composting site:

• Good drainage system
• Availability of water supply
• Proximity to the source of raw materials
• Accessibility of the composting site
• Area of minimum contamination
• Types of soil
• Area with minimal sunlight
ACTIVITY 3.1.3

Instruction: Create your own layout of the composting site you want to have. Please use
the box on the right corner for your illustration. The one at the left side is an example of
a site layout for your reference.
Sample
Rubric to be used in rating the output:
CATEGORY 10 8 6 5 Score

Neatness Drawing is Drawing is Drawing has The drawing

expressive and expressive and few details. It is lacks almost all
detailed. Shapes, somewhat primarily detail OR it is
patterns, shading detailed. Little representational unclear what the
and/or texture use has been with very little drawing is
are used to add made of pattern, use of pattern, intended to be.
interest to the shading, or shading or Student needs
painting. Student texture. Student texture. Student to work on it.
has great control has basics, but needs to
and is able to had not improve it.
experiment a \"branched\" out.
little.

Creativity Student has Student has Student has Student has not
taken the taken the copied some made much
technique being technique being painting from attempt to meet
studied and studied and has the source the
applied it in a used source material. There requirements of
way that is totally material as a is little evidence the assignment.
his/her own. The starting place. of creativity, but
student\'s The student\'s the student has
personality/voice personality done the
comes through. comes through assignment.
in parts of the
painting.

Use of Student has Student has Student has Student has

materials used more than used only 4 used only 3 used only 1
5 drawing drawing materials in the drawing
materials in the materials in the output. materials in the
output. output. output.
Color Choice and Choice and Choice and Student needs
Choices application of application of application of to work on
color shows an color shows color shows learning color
advanced knowledge of knowledge of relationships
knowledge of color color and using that
color relationships. relationships. knowledge in
relationships. Colors are Colors are, his/her work.
Color choice appropriate for however, NOT
enhances the the idea being appropriate for
idea being expressed. the idea being
expressed. expressed.
 LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
CONSTRUCT BED ACCORDING TO PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS

Bed Preparation
Prepare the bed by selecting
site that is shaded, free from
predators, and near to the water
source. Arrange the hollow blocks
making a bed on 1m x3mand put
bamboo sticks to strengthen the bed.
Used sacks and nylon nets can be
used as matting. Other materials that
may be needed in the stocking of the
bed are:
1. Water
2. Water Sprinklers
3. Plastic sheets to cover the Bed
ACTIVITY 3.1.4

Instruction: Construct your own mini-composting bed following the guidelines of the bed
preparation. Take some photos of it and explain the process and how you prepared the
materials you have used. You will be given two (2) weeks to do the task. Your output will
be rated using the rubric:
 CATEGORY 10 8 6 5

Quality of The objects The objects The objects used The objects
Construction used in mini- used in mini- in mini- used in mini-
composting bed composting bed composting bed composting
shows shows attention shows some bed was put
considerable to construction. attention to together
attention. The The items are construction. Most sloppily.
items are neatly neatly trimmed. items are neatly Items appear
trimmed. All All items are trimmed. All items to be just
items are carefully and are securely \"slapped
carefully and securely attached to the on\".
securely attached to the backing.
attached to the backing.
backing.

Creativity Several of the One or two of One or two The student

objects used in the objects objects were did not make
the mini- used in the made or or customize
composting mini- customized by the any of the
reflect an composting bed student, but the items on the
exceptional reflect student ideas were typical output.
degree of creativity in their rather than
student creation and/or creative
creativity in their display.
creation and/or
display

Time and Effort Class time was Class time was Class time was Class time
used wisely. It used wisely. not always used was not used
is clear the Student could wisely, but student wisely and
student worked have put in did do some the student
at home as well more time and additional work at put in no
as at school. effort at home. home.
additional
efforts.
 LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
IDENTIFY THE NEEDED MATERIALS FOR COMPOSTING BASED ON THE
PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS

In preparing the raw materials (substrate), it is helpful to consider the source

and quality, the carbon to nitrogen (C: N) ratio and the size of the materials.
Source and Quality
In sourcing raw materials, care
should be taken that one is sure with the
quality of raw materials. If using animal
manure, be sure that animals were not
dewormed as this would also deworm your
project. On the other hand, the plant source
should be free from harmful insecticides,
fungicides and herbicides which may also
decimate your worm population.

The worms will eat all the organic wastes

and produce vermicast. However, the quality of
the vermicast and the speed of its production
depend on several factors.

RAW MATERIALS Carbon:Nitrogen= 70%:30%

ratio
CARBON SOURCE:
Animal Manure Coco coir Dust

Banana Bracts

NITROGEN SOURCE:
Madre de Cacao Leguminous Crops
Direction: Explain your answer to the question briefly and concisely. Write your
answers on the space provided.

1.) What are your criteria in selecting the animal manure to be used as raw
materials?

2.) What are your criteria in selecting plant source as raw materials?
Rubric to be used in rating the output:
CATEGOR 10 - Above 8 - Meets 6 - Approachi 5 - Below
Y Standards Standards ng Standards Standards Score

Sequenci Arguments and Arguments and A few of the Many of the support
ng support are support are support details details or arguments
provided in a provided in a or arguments are not in an
logical order fairly logical order are not in an expected or logical
that makes it that makes it expected or order, distracting the
easy and reasonably easy logical order, reader and making
interesting to to follow the distracting the the essay seem
follow the author\'s train of reader and very confusing.
author\'s train of thought. making the
thought. essay seem a
little confusing.

Grammar The student The student The student’s All of the parts in the
& Spelling makes no errors makes 1-2 errors output has Student’s output
in grammar or in grammar or almost no does not follow
spelling that spelling that correct use of correct use of
distract the distract the grammar. grammar.
reader from the reader from the
content. content.

Capitaliza The student The student The student The student makes
tion & makes no errors makes 1-2 errors makes a few several errors in
Punctuati in capitalization in capitalization errors in capitalization and/or
on or punctuation, or punctuation, capitalization punctuation that
so the essay is but the essay is and/or catch the reader\'s
exceptionally still easy to read. punctuation attention and
easy to read. that catch the interrupt the flow.
reader\'s and
interrupt the
flow.
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT

PART I
Direction: Write True if you think the statement is true and write False it you think it is
false. Write your answer on the space provided before each number.
1. In preparing the raw materials (substrate), it is helpful to consider the source
and quality, the carbon to nitrogen (C: N) ratio and the size of the materials.
2. Correct compost site selection can cause major problems, both in the short and
long term.
3. Worms are livestock and should be cared for in order that they may be put to
best use
4. We have to prepare the bed by selecting site that is shaded, free from
predators, and near to the water source.
5. Worms do not convert waste into worm manure.
6. Vermicomposting is the use of worms as a composting method to produce
vermicompost.
7. Vermiculture is worm farming for the production of worms.
8. Organic fertilizers are made from mined rock minerals, and natural plant
and animal materials
9. The method of housing the worms is site specific and person specific.
10. Organic fertilizers can be powders, liquids, or solids, with each applied
differently.
PART Ii
Directions: Read the following questions carefully. Choose and encircle the letter
of your answer.
1. . What is the correct ratio of Carbon and Nitrogen in preparing the Raw Materials
for composting?
A. 30% Nitrogen and 70% Carbon
B. 70%Carbon and 30% Nitrogen
C. 50% Carbon and 50% Nitrogen
D. 40% Carbon and 60% Nitrogen
2. The following are the manifestations of Organic Fertilizer except ________.
E. The material is free of chemical substances
F. There is presence of high organic matter content
G. Raw materials used are indigenous in the locality
H. These are man-made fertilizers
3. Why is vermicomposting important?
E. It increases the fertility of the soil.
F. It decreases organic matter in the soil
G. It destroys the structure of the soil.
H. It can cause disease common in plant s.
4. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good composting site?
5. Good drainage system
6. Availability of water supply
7. Composting site Is placed on an area with maximum exposure to sunlight.
8. Accessibility of the composting site
5. The method of housing the worms is site specific and person specific.
B. True
B. False
6. The following are the manifestations of Organic Fertilizer except ________.
I. The material is free of chemical substances
J. There is presence of high organic matter content
K. Raw materials used are indigenous in the locality
L. These are man-made fertilizers
 6. The following are sources of Carbon except _________.
A. Animal Manure
B. Coco coir Dust
C. Banana Bracts
D. Madre de Cacao
7. This composting method can be done without air and will last for one (1) week.
A. Anaerobic
B. Aerobic
C. Decomposition
D. Biodegradable Materials
8. This composting method can be done with air and it may last to four to five weeks
after stocking the worms.
A. Anaerobic
B. Aerobic
C. Decomposition
D. Non-Biodegradable Materials
9. In bed preparation, it is important to observe the following expect _____.
A. The site is shaded.
B. The site has many predators.
C. The site is near to water.
D. the site must be free from predators.
10. Which of the following is not an example of macro-nutrients?
A. Carbon
B. Hydrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Iron
PART III
Instruction: Enumerate the following:
1. Give at least three sources of Carbon.
2. Give two sources of nitrogen.
3. Characteristics of good composting site
PART IV
Direction: Arrange the following letters to come up with the correct words. Write your
answers on the space provided before each number.
11. Esit
12. Uotyal
13. Ezriltifer
14. Nciagor
15. War sliarmaet
16. Ngtispocom
17. Sloi
18. Wrom
19. Retuculervmi
20. Bde
 LESSON 1
PRODUCE ORGANIC FERTILIZER
QUARTER 2

Module Description:
This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to produce organic
fertilizers which includes tasks such as preparing composting area, preparing raw
materials, carrying out composting process and finally harvesting of fertilizers.
Objectives
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. Apply appropriate composting method on production requirement;
2. Monitor compost based on PNS indications of fully decomposed fertilizer;
3. Check quality of harvest based on PNS indications of fully decomposed fertilizer;
4. Carry out processing of compost fertilizers based on production requirements;
5. Perform record keeping based on farm procedure.
Diagnostic Test:
True or False
______ 1. The use of worm like the African Night Crawler to produce organic fertilizer is
called vermicomposting.
______2. Vermi compost contains high presence of synthetic substances which make the
soil healthy.
______3. Anaerobic decomposition is the process of composting that does not use air.
______4. The substrate is ready to use when the temperature has dropped to ambient
levels and you can see the appearance of white mushrooms.
______5. The Carbon to Nitrogen ratio of making organic fertilizer is 60:40 which is also
known as substrate.
______6. A kilo of worms can consume 100 kilos of substrate within a 20-day period.
______7. Compost is ready to use when it is crumbly, dark brown and has an earthy
smell.
______8. The application of fertilizer through its leaves when the stomata is open is called
basal application.
______9. Organic fertilizer kills most of the beneficial microorganisms in the soil.
______10. The compost should be packaged and lined with plastic bag then should be
stored in cool, dark, and dry place to maintain its potency.

Multiple Choice. Encircle your answer.

1. The substrate or raw materials in vermicomposting are composed of the following
EXCEPT:
a. Crop residue c. Leguminous plants
b. Animal manure d. Brown sugar
2. The following are the characteristics of an organic fertilizer EXCEPT:
a. The material has no chemical substance
b. There is presence of high organic matter content
c. High in synthetic materials which kill microorganisms
d. Raw materials are indigenous in the locality
3. The advantage of organic fertilizer over synthetic fertilizer when it comes to the
biological properties of the soil is:
a. Kills most of beneficial microorganisms
b. Increase population of beneficial microorganisms
c. Improves soil pH
d. Soil becomes porous
4. When does the organic fertilizer should be applied to the soil or to the plant?
a. Early in the morning c. No rain
b. Not windy d. All of the above
5. The natural occurring hormone present in vermicast is called:
a. toxin c. vermin
b. auxin d. testosterone
6. The raw materials in preparing vermicompost is called?
a. substrate c. pot
b. grass d. none of the above
7. The degree of wetness or moisture in soil is called?
a. moisture c. pH
b. temperature d. none of the above
8. Vermicompost should be stored in:
a. Cool place away from direct sunlight c. Inside the refrigerator
b. Anywhere under the sun d. None of the above
9. The use of ________ improves the taste and sweetness of the fruits and vegetables.
a. Alcohol c. Organic Fertilizer
b. Pesticide d. None of the above
10. Vermicast helps the pH of soil to become:
a. basic c. acidic
b. neutral d. None of the above
 CONCEPT REVIEW

LEARNING OUTCOME 2:

COMPOST AND HARVEST FERTILIZER

Vermicomposting is the production of organic fertilizer using vermi or worm,

specifically the African Night Crawler (Eudrilus eugeniae). The raw materials in vermi
composting are called substrate and the product is called vermicompost containing
vermicast, bedding materials as well as organic matter in various stages if decomposition.
Vermicast is excreta of worms or worm manure and granular in texture. If the objective
is fast production of earthworms, this can be considered as vermiculture. If the desired
product is fertilizer, the process is called vermicomposting.

LESSON OBJECTIVE:

APPLY APPROPRIATE COMPOSTING METHOD BASED ON PRODUCTION

REQUIREMENT

A. Vermicomposting as the Appropriate Composting Method

Earthworms can be classified as real earthworms or compost worms. The real
earthworms are those which burrow deeply and are almost near impossible to culture in
captivity. They eat the soil. They do not eat compost. They are responsible for mixing
the different layers of the soil. So, when you see that the soil in your flowerpots are in
mounds and are disappearing, that is the action of the real earthworm. Their poo is in
mounds or middens. The other kind, the compost worms are those that live on the upper
surface of the earth and they eat the compost, not the earth. Their poo are granular but
finer and are not in mounds. They can be cultured and thus can be put to good use to
produce vermicast.
 B. What are the benefits of vermicompost?
The vermicompost is known to:

1. Increase soil fertility

2. Encourage better root and plant growth
3. Increase organic matter
4. Improves soil structure
5. Increase resistance to erosion, runoff and
compaction
6. Increase disease resistance in plants
7. Promotes less vulnerability to pests and disease, in
turn reducing pesticide use
8. Increase soil diversity

C. Compost worm has the following characteristics:

 It is a true hermaphrodite. It has both the male and the female organs but most
species cannot impregnate itself. It needs a partner to become pregnant.

 When two worms come together, they both get pregnant.

 It is perfectly evolved so that if you put several species together in a wormbin, they
do not cross breed.

 The African night crawlers when sexually mature breed every week and the
resultant cocoon/egg/capsule can produce from 2-10 worms. It was observed that
in six months, 1,000 sexually mature worms could produce 30,000 on the low side.
On the high side, it can go up to 120,000.

 One worm divided by 2 equals 1. Only the part where the vital organs are found
will regenerate. The other half will die.
  Worms are hardworking, unpaid, silent and efficient workers. They do not demand
pay increases nor to form unions. There is no learning curve for them because
they work as soon as they are born. All they ask for are good working, living and
eating conditions. They eat their weight per day.

In a nutshell, we go into vermicomposting to produce fertilizer. To do this, we have

to formulate our substrate so that we get the desired carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio of
70:30. We get the carbon from more than two (2) parts grass or banana bracts and
the nitrogen from 1 part animal manure or plant source. Plant sources may be
kakawate, ipil-ipil, azolla, peanut, kudzu, baging ilog, rensoni, flamingia, mongo,
etc. To increase our worm population fast, we use animal manure, banana bracts, ipil-
ipil, kakawate on a ratio mentioned above. This is vermiculture. Either procedure
produces both fertilizer and the worm biomass however, the formulation of the substrate
has to be adjusted accordingly. Also, in most cases, the C:N ratio from vermiculture is
higher and thus may just be soil amendment albeit very good organic source.
 Activity 3.2.1
Multiple Choice. Encircle your answer.
1. The following are the characteristics of an organic fertilizer EXCEPT:
d. The material has no chemical substance
e. There is presence of high organic matter content
f. High in synthetic materials which kill microorganisms
d. Raw materials are indigenous in the locality
2. The raw materials in preparing vermicompost is called?
a. substrate c. pot
b. grass d. none of the above

3. The C:N stands for?

a. Coal to Nitrogen Ratio c. Carbon to Nestogen Ratio
b. Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio d. None of the above.

4. The substrate or raw materials in vermicomposting composed of the following

EXCEPT:
a. Crop residue c. Leguminous plants
b. Animal manure d. Brown sugar
5. The species of worm that can be cultured and responsible in producing vermicast is
called?
a. American night crawler c. Earthworm
b. African night crawler d. Caterpillar

For 5 points. Answer the question below.

How does vermicomposting affect the dynamics of soil and to plants?
 LESSON OBJECTIVE:

MONITOR COMPOST BASED ON PNS INDICATIONS OF FULLY

DECOMPOSED FERTILIZER

Pre-Test
Direction: Choose your answer from the given words by writing on the blank.

Aerobic Anaerobic Decomposition

Substrate Humidity

_________1. The degree of wetness or moisture of soil.

_________2. The process of decomposition in which there is absence of air.

_________3. The process of breaking up into parts or into simpler elements.

_________4. The process of decomposition with air involved.

_________5. Refers to the raw materials to be used for composting.

 D. Two Stages of Decomposition Processes

Stage 1: Anaerobic Decomposition

Place the substrate in containers as airtight as possible or cover it with plastic sheet.
This is the anaerobic process which is to hasten the decomposition. This is
composting without air, hence the name. This stage may last from 1 week depending
upon the quantity being processed and the size of the particles. The substrate is
ready for use when the temperature has dropped to ambient levels and you can see
the appearance of white mushrooms.

Stage 2: Aerobic Decomposition

This next phase is called the aerobic stage or composting with air. May last to four
to five weeks after stocking the worms. When the substrate has cooled down, place
the substrate in appropriate containers or remove the plastic sheet in the bed.

E. Stocking Earthworms
The rate of producing vermicast is dependent on the stocking density vis-à-vis the
amount of substrate. We have observed that the worms can eat faster if the substrate is
not too thick perhaps because of easier mobility. A depth of about 4-6 inches of substrate
at this stage appears to be ideal. It has been observed that 100 kilos of substrate can
be consumed within 30 days by 1 kilo of worms.

F. Monitoring Compost
Maintain a humidity of 80%. Protect the worms
from natural predators. Birds, chickens, frogs, mice,
snakes and even pigs love to eat worms. While ants do
not eat worms, they can kill your population if left
unattended. Shade the worms from direct sunlight.
Worms have no skin and cannot withstand direct
sunlight. Loosen the substrate gently and do not allow it
to get compacted. The constant watering of the beds will compact the substrate. Loosen
the beds very gently when needed taking care not to disturb the worms too much.

Practical Tip for Humidity: Test by squeezing a fistful of substrate. Five to seven drops of water
indicate about 80% humidity. Care should be taken that the substrate is taken from the lower portion
of the bed because the upper portion might already by dry but the lower portion is still wet.
 Activity 3. 2.2

Try this out!

Collect at least 10kgs of substrates from your backyard. Divide the substrates into
two parts. This time, prepare the first part for aerobic decomposition and the other part
for anaerobic decomposition. Observe the two parts for a week (7days) and write your
observations below.

OBSERVATIONS
DATE
SET 1 SET 2
AEROBIC PROCESS ANAEROBIC PROCESS
 LESSON OBJECTIVE:

CHECK QUALITY OF HARVEST BASED ON PNS INDICATIONS OF FULLY

DECOMPOSED FERTILIZER

Pre-Test 2.3

Direction. Make a comparison between Organic Fertilizer and Synthetic Fertilizer

on properties of soil. Write your answers in the table below. Identify if it is physical,
chemical or biological property.

Organic Fertilizer Synthetic Fertilizer Type of Soil Property

 G. Harvesting Compost

The earthworms are well mannered and polite.

They do not like to live with their poo. They eat
the substrate and deposit their castings on the
top. In about 6-8 weeks, the substrate that was
formerly identifiable as grass and leaves becomes
transformed into granular earthy material. The
decision to harvest depends on one’s needs.
Practical tip: Compost is ready to use when it is dark brown, crumbly and has an
earthy smell.

OPTIONS:
a. Pick the worms by hand and transfer them to a new wormbed. The
vermicompost may be allowed to dry in the shade for a few days and then
sifted if a finer compost is desired.
a. In the shade, pile the vermicompost in such a manner that it looks like a
pyramid. After a day, you can harvest the top part easily because the worms
have gone to the bottom of the pile. When you reach the bottom of the pile,
you can extract the worms
manually.
b. Move the contents of the whole bed
to one side. Fill the empty half with
new substrate. Allow the worms to
move freely to the new food.
Harvest the castings left by the
worms.
c. Fill an onion bag with fresh food and bury it in the middle of the bed. After a
week or so, the bag will be filled with worms which you can empty to a new
wormbed. This facilitates the gathering of most worms.
d. If you are not ready to harvest your vermicompost which is fully eaten by the
worms, place a net on top of the bed and place a 5 cm layer of fresh substrate
 on top. You can delay harvesting for about a week (depending on the volume
of worms in the bed) because the worms will transfer to the new food. At the
same time, when you are ready to harvest, you can first remove the net with
the food and you will see that the worms have mostly transferred here.

If you are in a hurry and need the castings, scrape the top of the bed of the
castings deposited there. You run the danger though of losing the eggs which
may be there and have not yet hatched

Dry your vermicompost in the shade only. Exposing organic fertilizer to the sun
will cause it to lose its nitrogen content. Vermicompost can be stored at 30% humidity in
plastic bags. Store in a cool place away from direct sunlight.

Practical tip: To check if it is 30% humidity, place some vermicompost in your hand and
squeeze to form a ball. Open you palm and apply some pressure with the index finger of
the other hand. If the ball breaks easily into two to three parts, that is about 30% humidity.
If the ball crumbles easily, that is less than 30%. If your finger leaves and imprint on the
ball and the ball breaks, that is more than 30%.

H. Characteristics of Vermicompost

Physical
Physically, the gross appearance of the vermicast is granular. It has been
observed that the bigger worms produce bigger granules. In the intestines of the worms,
the nutrients are ground and mixed. The worm excretes mucus which coats and binds
all these elements together.
This granular character will allow the plants to extract the elements they need, as
they need. It is believed that the vermicast can stay for as long as five years in the soil.
It also will not leach out because of its granular nature. Plants respond fast to applications
of vermicast and within a few days, new shoots are observed and the leaves turn green.
Vermicompost is cool to the touch and holds three times its weight in water. As such, the
plants need less watering and can withstand longer periods without water.
Chemical
The pH of vermicast is almost neutral and as such, it also acts to buffer the pH of
the soil to neutral. Vermicast can be used directly on the plants at any point because it
does not burn the plant. Compost produced traditionally cannot be used directly but has
to be aged properly. Vermicast is ready for use as soon as it is produced. It is virtually
impossible to overdose with vermicast.
Vermicast has auxin, a naturally occurring hormone. This hormone is present in
the tips of plants and is responsible for the fast growth of plants. It has been observed
that especially when vermicompost is used in the soil and then vermitea is sprayed as
foliar, the growth is lush and robust.
The worms clean up whatever they eat. They also do not pass on whatever
poisons are contained in their food because they die when ingesting poison. As such,
they clean the soil and even “capture” toxins in the soil, especially heavy metals.
Microbiological
It is living soil, full of friendly and beneficial microorganisms. These organisms
increase the fertility of the soil and protect the plants. They also awaken the dormant
microorganisms in the soil.
Some studies claim that even where there were pathogens in the substrate, the
resultant vermicast did not produce growth when cultured in the laboratory. Some studies
also claim that the vermicast also has fungicidal action.
Organic Fertilizer vs. Chemical-based Fertilizer
Properties of Soil Organic Fertilizer Chemical-based Fertilizer
Improves structure by Destroy soil structure (massive)
adjusting the arrangement of
soil particles
Physical Property Soil become porous Soil become compact and hard
due to fillers present in the material
For light textured soil, it No contribution on the
increases water holding improvement of the water holding
capacity while for heavy capacity of the soil
textured soil, easy to drain
Adds organic macro and No organic matter addition
micronutrients
Provides both macro and Contains 1-4 elements and mostly
Chemical micronutirents macronutrients only
Property Improves soil pH Contributes to the acidity of the soil
Lowers toxicity level of
micronutrients
Increases population density Kills most of beneficial
Biological of beneficial microorganism microorganisms in the soil
Property Promotes biodiversity

Organic fertilizers contribute to the environment by improving soil and water

conditions and promoting to the health aspects of nature and human.
Fertilizers become organic when the material is free of chemical substances, there
is presence of high organic matter content and the raw materials used are indigenous in
the locality.
 Activity 3.2.3
Multiple Choice. Encircle your answer.
1. Compost is ready to use when:
a. Dark brown c. has an earthy smell
b. Crumbly d. All of the above
2. Which of the following is the positive contribution of organic fertilizer to the
environment?
a. Makes the soil acidic c. degrades soil and water
b. Lower the soil pH d. Makes the soil pH neutral
3. The advantage of organic fertilizer over synthetic fertilizer when it comes to the
biological properties of the soil is:
e. Kills most of beneficial microorganisms
f. Increase population of beneficial microorganisms
g. Improves soil pH
h. Soil becomes porous
4. When it comes to the physical properties of soil, organic fertilizer helps:
a. Improve soil structure c. soil becomes porous
b. Increase water holding capacity d. All of the above
5. The natural occurring hormone present in vermicast is called:
c. toxin c. vermin
d. auxin d. testosterone

For 5 points. Answer the question below.

Describe the various benefits of organic fertilizer to the soil in terms of physical, chemical,
and biological.
 LESSON OBJECTIVE:

CARRY OUT PROCESSING OF COMPOST FERTILIZERS BASED ON

PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS

Pre-Test

Multiple Choice. Encircle your answer.

1. When the fertilizer is applied to crops through its leaves when the stomata of leaf is
open, the fertilizer is said to be:
a. Basal fertilizer c. Granular fertilizer
b. Foliar fertilizer d. Complete fertilizer
2. How will the potency of organic fertilizer be preserved?
a. Store in dark, dry and cool place
b. Packaging material should be lined with plastic bag
c. For foliar, when aging add molasses
d. All of the above
3. When does the organic fertilizer should be applied to the soil or to the plant?
c. Early in the morning c. No rain
d. Not windy d. All of the above
4. The use of fertilizer by applying it to the soil before planting is called:
a. Basal fertilizer c. Granular fertilizer
b. Foliar fertilizer d. Complete fertilizer
5. Vermicompost should be stored in:
c. Cool place away from direct sunlight c. Inside the refrigerator
d. Anywhere under the sun d. None of the above
 I. Application of the Vermicompost

Basal
Vermicompost can also be used for basal application. Line the trenches with
vermicompost before you put in the plants. The amount put in depends on the amount
available for use. You can also put this into the pot after you have put in some soil but
before you put in the plant.

Top Dressing
You can use vermicast as top dressing. You can place about 50 gms on top of
the soil in a small 15 cm pot and work in the vermicast into the soil. This should keep the
plants happy for about half the year.

Potting Mix
Vermicompost can also be incorporated into the potting medium. One part
vermicompost plus one part good garden soil and one part carbonized rice hulls is a very
good potting medium for most plants, generally. This potting medium can also be used
for seedling trays or to germinate seeds. If a lighter medium is desired, add more
carbonized rice hulls.

Basal and Foliar Fertilizer

Basal fertilizer is applied on the soil before planting while foliar fertilizer is
applied on and underneath the leaves. Both types contain macro and micronutrients
and have microorganisms. Plants can absorb foliar fertilizer than basal fertilizer.

Time/Condition of Application- early morning or late in the afternoon, not windy and no
rain.
 J. Storage

• Vermicompost can be stored at 30% humidity in

plastic bags. Store in a cool place away from direct
sunlight.
• To check if it is 30% humidity, place some
vermicompost in your hand and squeeze to form a
ball. Open you palm and apply some pressure with
the index finger of the other hand. If the ball breaks
easily into two to three parts, that is about 30%
humidity. If the ball crumbles easily, that is less
than 30%. If your finger leaves and imprint on the
ball and the ball breaks, that is more than 30%.
• For foliar, when aging add molasses to prolong
shelf-life.

Processing Organic Foliar Fertilizer

1. Prepare a 60-liter capacity container with aeration facility.
2. Put 50 liters of clean water in the container.
3. Aerate the water in 30 minutes.
4. Put 3 kgs. Of vermicast inside the tea bag and place inside the container.
5. Pour 500 ml of molasses in the aerated container.
6. Add IMO (50 ml) after 30 minutes then cover.
7. Harvest after 24 hours of continuous aeration and use the prepared foliar fertilizer
within 24 hours.

LESSON OBJECTIVE:

PERFORM RECORD KEEPING BASED ON FARM PROCEDURE

 K. Recordkeeping

To effectively monitor the production of organic fertilizer, the following information must
be recorded:
- Manufacturing date
- Expiry date
- Quantity
- Moisture content
- Nutritional composition

Activity 3. 2.4
A. Arrange the following scrambled letters to form the correct mystery word. Write your
answer on the opposite side.
1. AFLOIR - _________________
2. OPT NRSDEGSI - _________________
3. ASLAB - _________________
4. USITMEOR OCNTTNE - _________________
5. ANQYTUTI - _________________

B. Perform the instruction below.

Make your own Organic Fertilizer using the following materials:

5 Li of clean water
300g vermicast
5ml molasses or brown sugar
5ml IMO

Your output shall be assessed using the rubrics below:

CRITERIA PERFORMANCE LEVEL
 Excellent Very Satisfactor Needs No Points
(4) Satisfactor y (2) Improvement Attempt Earned
y (3) (1) (0)
1. Use of Uses Uses Uses Uses Never
indigenous indigenous indigenous indigenous indigenous uses
materials materials at materials materials materials indigen
all times most of the sometimes ous
times material
s
2. Manifest Manifest Manifest Manifest less No
Application very clear clear understand understandin attempt
of understandi understand ing of the g of the step
Procedures ng of the ing of the step by by step
step by step step by step procedure
procedure step procedure
procedure sometimes
3. Accuracy The task is The task is The task is The task is No
of accurately less done with done without attempt
measureme done accurately minimum accuracy
nt used done accuracy
during the
process

4. The task is The task is The task is Started the No

Completene completed nearly partially task but not attempt
ss of Task following completed completed completed
the
procedure
 SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT

Test I: Multiple Choice: Write the letter of your answer on the blank.

______ 1. The following are the characteristics of an organic fertilizer EXCEPT:

a. The material has no chemical substance
b. There is presence of high organic matter content
c. High in synthetic materials which kill microorganisms
d. Raw materials are indigenous in the locality

______ 2. The following are the basic steps for vermiculture EXCEPT:
a. Site selection c. anaerobic decomposition
b. Preparation of raw materials d. apply herbicide to the area

______ 3. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good composting site?

a. Good drainage c. Shaded area
b. Area of maximum contamination d. Area is near to raw materials

______4. The raw materials in preparing vermicompost is called?

a. substrate c. pot
b. grass d. none of the above

______5. The C:N stands for?

a. Coal to Nitrogen Ratio c. Carbon to Nestogen Ratio
b. Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio d. None of the above.

______6. The substrate or raw materials in vermicomposting composed of the following

EXCEPT:
a. Crop residue c. Leguminous plants
b. Animal manure d. Brown sugar
_____7. The process of decomposition that does not use air during composting is called?
a. Aerobic decomposition c. ventilation
 b. Anaerobic decomposition d. None of the above
______8. It has been observed that ___ kilos of substrate can be consumed within 30
days by 1 kilo of worms.
a. 20 c. 100
b. 50 d. None of the above.
_____ 9. The species of worm that can be cultured and responsible in producing
vermicast is called?
a. American night crawler c. Earthworm
b. African night crawler d. Caterpillar

_____10. The following are the types of housing for vermiculture EXCEPT for:
a. Brooder c. Windrows
b. Wormbins d. Housing Structure
_____11. What is true about vermi?
a. They like to live with their poo c. They don’t evolve and prone to cross
breed
b. They sleep during night d. Worms have no skin
____ 12. The C:N ratio is?
a. 30:70 c. 70:30
b. 50:50 d. None of the above.
____13. Compost is ready to use when:
a. Dark brown c. has an earthy smell
b. Crumbly d. All of the above
____14. Vermicompost should be stored in:
a. Cool place away from direct sunlight c. Inside the refrigerator
b. Anywhere under the sun d. None of the above
____15. When the fertilizer is applied to crops through its leaves when the stomata of
leaf is open, the fertilizer is said to be:
a. Basal fertilizer c. Granular fertilizer
b. Foliar fertilizer d. Complete fertilizer
____ 16. Which of the following is the positive contribution of organic fertilizer to the
environment?
 a. Makes the soil acidic c. degrades soil and water
b. Lower the soil pH d. Makes the soil pH neutral
_____17. The advantage of organic fertilizer over synthetic fertilizer when it comes to the
biological properties of the soil is:
a. Kills most of beneficial microorganisms c. increase population of
beneficial microorganisms
b. Improves soil pH d. soil becomes porous
_____18. When it comes to the physical properties of soil, organic fertilizer helps:
a. Improve soil structure c. soil becomes porous
b. Increase water holding capacity d. All of the above
_____19. When does the organic fertilizer should be applied to the soil or to the plant?
a. Early in the morning c. No rain
b. Not windy d. All of the above
_____20. How will the potency of organic fertilizer be preserved?
a. Store in dark, dry and cool place
b. Packaging material should be lined with plastic bag
c. For foliar, when aging add molasses
d. All of the above

Test II. Write T if True and F if False on the blank. Underline what makes the
statement wrong.
(2 points each)

_____1. The method of housing the worms is site specific and person specific.
_____2. Higher nitrogen content will mean slower decomposition, hence, addition of
materials rich or high in nitrogen is required to the process.
_____3. The substrate is ready for use when the temperature has dropped to ambient
levels and you can see the appearance of white mushrooms.
_____4. While ants do not eat worms, they can kill your population if left unattended.
_____5. It is necessary to shade the worms from direct sunlight.
_____6. In about 5-6 weeks after stocking the worm, the substrate that was formerly
identifiable as grass and leaves becomes transformed into granular earthy
material.
_____7. Vermicompost can be stored at 30% humidity in plastic bags.
_____8. Vermicompost can also be used for basal application.
_____9. There is a marked improvement in the taste and sweetness of the fruits and
vegetables grown with pesticide.
_____10. Vermicomposting is the production of compost with the use of earthworms.

Test III. Enumeration.

1-5. Give at least five benefits of organic fertilizer.

6-10. Characteristics of a good site in establishing vermicompost.

11-13.Types of housing type.

14-17. Raw materials for making substrate.

18-20. Application of vermicompost.

 ANSWERS

Diagnostics Test
Test I
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False
6. False
7. True
8. False
9. False
10. True
Test II
1. d
2. c
3. b
4. d
5. b
6. a
7. a
8. a
9. c
10. b
Activity 2.1
1. c
2. a
3. b
4. d
5. b
Pre-test 2.2
1. Humidity
2. Anaerobic
3. Decomposition
4. Aerobic
5. Substrate
Activity 2.3
1. d
2. d
3. c
4. d
5. b
Pre-test 2.4
1. b
2. d
3. d
4. a
5. a
Activity 2.4
1. FOLIAR
2. TOP DRESSING
3. BASAL
4. MOISTURE CONTENT
5. QUANTITY
GLOSSARY
Organic Includes all agricultural systems that promote the ecologically sound,
Agriculture socially acceptable, economically viable and technically feasible
production of food and fibers. Organic agricultural dramatically
reduces external inputs by refraining from the use of chemical
fertilizers, pesticides and pharmaceuticals.
Organic fertilizers Are made from mined rock minerals, and natural plant and animal
materials. They include ingredients like manure, guano, dried
and powdered blood, ground bone, crushed shells, finely
pulverized fish, phosphate rock, and wood. While inorganic, or
synthetic, fertilizers may contain some organic ingredients, the
main difference is that they act quickly to simply feed the plant
without actually enriching the soil, and may contribute to a toxic
buildup of salts in the soil when overapplied.
Vermicompsosting Is the use of worms as a composting method to produce
vermicompost.
Vermiculture Is a farming for the production of worms. In recent years, worm
farming has been practiced on both a small and large scale with
three complementary goals in mind: waste diversion,
vermicomposting, and vermiculture.
Vermicast excreta of worms or worm manure and granular in texture.
Foliar of relating to or applied to leaves
Basal Relating to, situated at or forming the base of the plant’s roots
Decomposition to break up into parts or elements
REFERENCES
1. https://www.kellogggarden.com/blog/fertilizer/what-is-organic-fertilizer/
2. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-
sciences/organic-Vfertilizer
3. http://www.cre.ie/Themed%20meetings/Munoo_Prasad_site_selection.pdf
4. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/k-12/
5. https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/organics/worms/wormfact
6. www.fao.org/organicag/oa-faq/oa-faq1/e
7. https://portal.edukasyon.ph/blog/heres-everything-you-should-know-about-the-
tvl-track
8. Esparagoza, Hope P., Galera, Ronnie T. (2015). Organic Agriculture Production
NCII.Sunas-Tesda
9. Necesito, Marcela G., Vermi Culture Production.DA-CEMIARC.South Cotabato.
10. www.fao.org/organicag/oa-faq/oa-faq2/e