BUKIJ TryANCSI

14) (SPMB 2004ts4)

The bones ofthe dinosaurs discovered recently shows that the newly-discovered dinosaurs
A. are closely related to those living in North America
B. have the same bone structure as those of foxes and dogs
C. eat their prey in neat pieces due to the shape of their jaws
D. lived a hundred million years earlier than other dinosaurs
E. belong to the same family and original as th Giganotosaurus
rs) (SPMB 2004tss)
From the text we may conclude that .........
A. The jaws of dinosaurs were shaped the same
B. Dinosaurs' characteriristics and way of life are different
C. North America was the origin of all dinosaurs
D. Dinosaurs could not live together with their own kind
E. All dinosaurs have the same bones and the same height

To be good consumers it is necessary for us to understand why prices and productions ofgoods are
always changing. The following information is a simple law to help us understand it. When prices are low
people will buy more, and when prices are high they will buy less. Everyone knows this. But at the same
time, producers want higher prices for their goods when they make more goods. How can we find the best
price for the goods? The law of Supply and Demand is the answer of this question.
According to this law, changes in the price of goods cause changes in supply and demand. An
increase in the price of goods causes an increase in supply - the number of goods that producers make.
Producers will make more goods when they can have higher prices for the goods. At the same time, an
increase in the price of the goods causes a decrease in demand - the number of goods the consumers buy.
This is because people buy less when the price is high. Conversely, a decrease in price causes an increase in
demand and a decrease in supply.
Business firms look at both supply and ddemand when they make decisions about prices and
production. They look for the equilibrium point where supply equals demand. The equilibrium point is a point
where the supply curve and the demand curve intersect. At this point, the number of goods produced will all be
bought by the consumers at the certain price. This is called the equilibrium price. If the producers increase the
price, or if they produce more, the consumers will not buy all of the goods. The producers will have wsurplus *
more supply than demand - so they must decrease the price in order to sell all of the goods. On the other hand,
if they make fewer goods, they will be a shortage - more demand than supply - and the price will go up.
According to the Law of Supply and Demand, the equilibrium price is the best price for the goods.
The consumers and the producers will agree on this price because it is the only price that helps them both
equally.

16) (SPMB 200s/ sl)

Why does an increase in price cause an increase in supply?
A. Consumers buy more goods when prices are high
B. Producers make more goods when prices are high.
C. Producers want to sell all of their goods.
D. Consumers will not buy all of the goods.
E. Consumers will buy all of the goods.

17) (SPMB 200sts2)

Why does a decrease in prices cause an increase in demand?
A. Consumers buy fewer goods when prices are low.
B. Producers make fewer goods when prices are low.
C. Producers make more goods when prices are high
D. Consumers buy more goods rvhen prices are low.

r
E. Consumers buy more goods even if the price is high
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18) (SPMB 200s/ s3)
What do a business firms look at when they make decisions about prices and production?
A. The surplus curve. D. The equilibrium point
B. The supply curve. E. B, C, and D.
.l 't
C. The demand curve

le) (SPMB 200sts4)

Why will consumers and producers agree on the equilibrium price?
A. It will help them both equally. D. All of the goods will be sold.
B. It is the only price for the goods. E. It is the highest price for the goods.
C. It is the lowest price.

20) (SPMB 2o0s/ ss) 'i1

-1

When will the producers have a surplus of goods?

A. When supply equals demand.
B. When there is more supply than demand.
C. When there is more demand than supply.
D. When they sell all of their goods.
E. When consumers buy all of the goods'

The killer sea waves known as tsunamis are so quiet in their approach from afar, so seemingly
harmless, that until recently their history has been one ofsurprise attack.
Out in the middle of th" o""un, the distance between tsunami wave crests can be 100 miles and the
height of the waves no more than three feet: Sailors can ride one and suspect nothing. At the shoreline, the
firsi sign is often an ebbing - a moving way from the land - of the waters that leaves fish, stranded and
slapping on the bottom. However, this is not a reffeat but rather a gathering of forces. When the great waves
finaily do strike, they rear up and hit harbor and coast, causing death and damage.
These seismic sea waves - or tidal waves, as they are sometimes called - bear 3o relation to the
moon or tides. And the word "tsunami", Japanese for "harbor wave", relates to their destination rather than
their origin. The causes are various: undersea or coastal earthquakes, deep ocean avalanches or vocalism.
Whatevei the cause, the wave motion starts with a sudden move like a hit from a giant paddle that displaces
the water. And the greater the undersea hit, the greater the tsunami's damaging power'
In 1883, Krakatoa volcano in the East Indies erupted, and the entire island collapsed in 820 feet of
water. A tsunami of tremendous force bouncing around Java and Sumatra, killing 36'000 people with wall of
water that reached I 15 feet in height.
In 1946 a tsunami struck first near Alaska and the, without warning, hit the Hawaiian island, killing
159 people and causing millions of dollars of damage. This led to the creation of the Tsunami Waming
System, whose nerye centre in Honolulu keeps a round-the-clock vigil with the aid of new technology. If the
seismic sea waves are confirmed by the Honolulu centre, warnings are transmitted within a few hours to all
threatened Pacific points. Tsunamis have been deprived of their most deadly string - surprise.

21) (SPMB 2006tsr)

The writer describes in detail
A. how harmless the tsunami seems to be for sailors
B. what damage the tsunami caused in Japan
C. when the tsunami tends to attack unexpectedly
D. why tsunamis are called the killer sea waves
E. where tsunamis have been most severe in their attack

22) (SPMB 2006ts2)

Why are tsunamis seemingly harmless when they start?
A. The waves out in the ocean were not alarmingly high
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BUKU WANGSI
B. The ebbing of the waters leaves fish stranded and slapping on the bottom
C. The great waves strike. reaching up and hitting harbor and coast
D. The waves approaching from afar gather forces and move the waters away from the land
E. The seismic sea waves bear no relation to the moon or tides

23) (SPMB 2006t53)

Which of the recorded tsunamis in the rext was the worst? The one that hit
A. The East Indies
B. The island of Java
C. Alaska
D. The Hawaiian island
E. Honolulu
24) (SPMB 2006/s4)
The follorving are possible causes for seismic waves, except ... ......
A. earthquakes underthe ocean
B. underwater avalanches
C. the rise and fall of sea levels
D. ocean volcanoes
E. seashore earthquakes

2s) (SPMB 2006/ss)

The danger of tsunamis has been reduced by
A. establishing local nerve centers
B. the countries around the Pacific Rim
C. close control from a new warning centre
D. warning the nerve centre of seismic waves
E,. the tsunami warning system at the bottom of the sea

Although it seems like the spread of spam-unwanted junk e-mails sent to millions of people each
day-is a recent problem, spam has been around as long as the intemet has. In fact, the first documented case
of spam occurred in 1978, when a computer company sent out 400 e-mails via the Arpanet, the precursor to
the modem internet. Now, spam e-mails account for more then two-thirds of all the e-mails sent over the
internet, and for some unlucky users, spam makes up 80 percent of the messages they receive. And despite
technological innovations such as spam filters and even new legislation designed to combat spam, the
problem will not go away easily.
The reason spammers-the who and businesses that spread spam-are difficult to stop is that spam is so
cost effective. It costs a spammer roughly one-hundredth of a cent to send spam, which means that a
spammer can still make a profit even with an extremely low response rate, as low as one sale per 100,000 e-
mails sent. This low rate gives spammers a tremendous incentive to continue sending oui millions and
millions of e-mails, event if the average person never purchases anything from them. With to much at stake,
spalnmers have gone to great lengths to avoid or defeat spam blockers and filters.
Most spam f,rlters rely on fairly primitive "fingerprinting" system. In this system, a program
analyzes several typical spam messages and identifies common features in them. Any arriving e-mails that
match these features are deleted. Bud, the fingerprinting defense proves quite easy for spammers to defeat.
To confuse the program, a spammer simply has to include a series of random characteis of numbers. The
additions to the spam message change its "fingerprint" and thus allow the spam to escape detection. And
when programmers modify the fingerprint software to look for random strings of letters, spammers respond
by including nonrandom content, such as sports scores or stock prices, which again defeatsihe system.
A second possible solution takes advantage of a computer's limited learning abilities. So called
"smart filters" use complex algorithms, which allow them to recognize new versioni of spam messages.

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These filters may be initially fooled by random characters or bogus content, but they soon learn to identify
these features. Unfortunately, spammers have learned how to avoid these smart filters as well.

26) (SPMB 2007 t st)

The following statement describe spam, except
A. It affects millions of internet users
B. It totals more than 80% of e-mails
C. It is beneficial to the general public
D. It is an unwanted message for mass audience
E. It may be a good source of income for spammers
27) (SPMB 2007 t s2)
The best title for the above text is ..
A. The Development of Spam and Spammers
B. The Success of the Development of Spam Filters
C. The Disadvantages of Using e-mails 3l
D. How to Make Profit through Spamming
E. Spam: Problems and Solutions
28) (SPMB 2007 t s3)
Smart filters are superior to fingerprinting systems because smart filters
A. Are eventually able to recognrze new version of spam
B. Have the ability to learn from their previous mistakes
C. Do not need to find comrnon features to detect spam
D. Are not fooled by random characters or content 1
E. Take advantages of computer's limited learning abilities
2e) (SPMB 2007 t s4)
The word 'program' in paragraph 3 refers to . .

A. A spam message D. A common feature

B. A character or a number E. fingerprinting
C. A type of spam filter
30) (SPMB 2007 t ss)
From the text we can conclude that spammers .
A. have always managed to get responses from internet users
B. produce spam that cannever be detected by spam blockers
C. have been able to sell cheap products to users
D. make a big profit from the comb at agatnst spam blockers
E. always sendl00,000 e-mails a day to make profit

We all know that mobile phones, cellphones, hand-phones, whatever we want to call them (and
shouldn't we all be calling them the same thing?) are changing our lives. But it takes a good ol-fashioned
survey to wake us up to glaring reality: they have changed who we are. The mobile phone has indeed changed
the way we behave. But perhaps we don't realize how much we have become its slave. Consider other
-'l
elements of the Siemens Mobile Survey: With the exception of Ausffalia, in every country surveyed the
majority polled said they would go back their phone if they left it at home (in Aushalia it was a respectable
le%1. tf yor've endured the traffic in Indonesia, the Philippines and India, you'll know what kind of sacrifice
some two-thirds of those surveyed are making. I can't think of any*ring I would go back for - except my
wallet, maybe, or my clothes.
And even if we remember to bring it, we're still not huppy. Many of us get anxious if hasn't mng or
a text message hasn't appeared for a while (a while being about an hour). Once again of those surveyed,
Indonesians (65%) and Filiphinos (77%) get particularly jittery. Australians are more laid back about this
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