SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (SSRG-IJEEE) – volume1 issue4 June 2014

Vehicle Tracking and Monitoring By ARM7

Gangadhar M1, Madhu M S2 Prof. Pushpalatha S3
(M Tech) Dept. of Computer Network Engineering Dept. of Computer Network Engineering
VTU PG Studies, Visvesvaraya Technological University VTU PG Studies, Visvesvaraya Technological University
Belgaum, India Belgaum, India

Abstract— This paper mainly deals with concept of Vehicle conditions around the goods or other stuff in the
tracking, Monitoring and providing security by theft. This transport vehicle.
system is based on ARM7, GSM and GPS is proposed. GSM
technology is used to send information about the vehicle by using
GPS receiver, information contains location, speed, temperature II. HARDWARE COMPONENTS OF
of vehicle and control message to stop the vehicle in case of theft.
ARM7 TDMI-S core processor with LPC 2148 microcontroller VEHICLE SYSTEM
collects the information and sends to the Monitoring system using
GSM modem. The Monitoring system uses GUI to display the 1. ARM7 TDMI-S LPC2148 controller
received information. GUI is developed by using Visual Studio
2. Dc Power supply unit
2010. The Monitoring system can turn OFF the vehicle engine by
using relays in case of theft. 3. 16×2 LCD
4. Temperature sensor LM 35
Keywords- ARM7 TDMI-S, LPC2148, GPS MT 3318, LM-35, 5. Accelerometer
GSM, Accelerometer. 6. Pressure sensor
7. GSM modem
I. INTRODUCTION 8. GPS Receiver MT 3318
In present day’s as population increases the number of 9. MAX 232 line driver
vehicles also increases. This results in more accidents and 10. Relays
deaths and also theft [1]. The result of this system saves death
or reduces the death rates, by providing information about the 16 × 2 LCD
accident to the Monitoring system immediately.
It improves the level of management in buses of travel
agencies and cargo transportation vehicles, such as trucks [2].
It also provides security to personal vehicles like car by
Accelerometer Power
locking the vehicle engine from remote location using GSM in
supply
case of theft [3]. A Monitoring system continuously waits for
information sent from vehicle system. The information sent by Temperature LM 35
the vehicle system includes position of a vehicle (Longitude
and Latitude), speed and temperature. The information
ARM7
provided to the Monitoring system when accident happens or Pressure sensor
TDMI-S
when user accesses the system to get the information about the
LPC 2148
vehicle.
GPS Receiver MT GSM
3318 Modem
Key feature of this design include:

a) User can access the system to get the information 12V DC Relay
about vehicle at any time whenever needed.

b) Vehicle system will send the information about
vehicle automatically to Monitoring system . This
results in medical help in case of accident and in case
of theft.
c) User can stop the vehicle engine, whenever theft of
vehicle by using Relays.
d) It includes a temperature sensor that gives temperature
in degree Celsius for monitoring the environmental
Figure 1:Block Diagram
1. Microcontroller Unit
The complete block diagram is as shown in figure1
explains the complete operation of vehicle system. The vehicle
system contains hardware peripherals like, ARM7 TDMI-S
Core processor, pressure sensor, temperature sensor,

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 SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (SSRG-IJEEE) – volume1 issue4 June 2014

accelerometer, GPS MT 3318 receiver, DC Relay, 16×2 LCD, Electronics Association) standard format. network of satellites
SD memory card, GSM modem and power supply. that continuously transmit coded information, which makes it.
The temperature sensor provides temperature per degree
Celsius to an ARM7 processor. The temperature sensor is The details of NMEA format:
interfaced to an ADC1 of ARM7 processor. Vehicle speed,
position and temperature are stored in a SD card. The SD card a) GPGGA – Global Positioning System Fix Data
is interfaced to an ARM processor by using SPI (Serial b) GPGSA –GPS DOP and active satellites
Peripheral Interface). This information is shown on LCD that c) GPGSV –GPS satellites in view
is interfaced to a GPIO0 and send it to a Monitoring system d) GPVTG –Track Made Good and Ground
(receiver side) by GSM module wirelessly that is interfaced to
a UART0 of ARM processor. Example of GPGGA format:
.
Features of ARM7 TDMI-S LPC2148:
Sentence Global Positioning
$GPGGA
• ARM7 TDMI –S LPC2148 microcontroller with 512
Identifier System Fix Data
Kbyte program Flash and 32+8 Kbyte SRAM. Time 170834 17:08:34 Z
• 16/32-bit ARM7TDMI-S microcontroller in a 64 or
144 pin package. 4124.8963, 41d 24.8963' N or
Latitude
• 32.768 kHz RTC crystal. N 41d 24' 54" N
• Onboard Peripherals 08151.6838, 81d 51.6838' W or
- 2x16 character LCD with background light Longitude
- Joystick switch
W 81d 51' 41" W
- UART-to-USB bridge interface on UART #0 Fix Quality:
- USB 2.0 device interface - 0 = Invalid Data is from a GPS
- RGB-LED, each color can be controlled via PWM 1
Signal.
- 1 = GPS fix fix
- 8 LEDs - 2 = DGPS fix
- Temperature sensor (LM75) on I2C bus Number of 5 Satellites are in
- Pushbutton on P0.14 (interrupt input) 05
- 8x8 LED matrix, controlled via shift registers in the
Satellites view
SPI bus 280.2 meters above
- MMC/SD memory card interface Altitude 280.2, M
mean sea level
- Step motor (bipolar driving)
• 60 MHz maximum CPU clock available from Used by program
programmable on-chip Phase-Locked Loop. Checksum *75 to check for
• Dual power supply transmission errors
- CPU operating voltage range of 1.65V to 1.95V
(1.8V +/- 8.3%).
Table 1: GPGGA Format
- I/O power supply range of 3.0V to 3.6V (3.3V +/-
10%).
• In-System Programming (ISP) and In-Application
Programming (IAP) via on-chip boot-loader
software. Flash programming takes 1 ms per 512 byte
line. Single sector or full chip erase takes 400 ms.

2. GPS Receiver

Global Positioning System. A possible to precisely

identify locations on earth by measuring distance from the
satellites. This system uses MT 3318 GPS Receiver which Figure 2: GPS Receiver MT 3318 Cirocom
contains high gain active patch antenna by cirocomm. The
GPS receiver interfaced with microcontroller through the
UART1 serial communication. The GPS receiver may track 3. GSM Modem
upto 51 satellites simultaneously. The GPS receiver is
mounted on PCB along with the 3.3V voltage regulator, Global System for Mobile communication. This
transmit, receive and power indication LED’s. The GPS GSM Modem can accept any GSM network operator SIM card
receiver output data is in the form of NMEA (National Marine and act just like a mobile phone with its own unique phone

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 SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (SSRG-IJEEE) – volume1 issue4 June 2014

number. Advantage of using this modem will be that you can

use its RS232 port to communicate and develop embedded
applications. Applications like SMS Control, data transfer,
remote control and logging can be developed easily.
This GSM modem is a highly flexible plug and play quad
band GSM modem for direct and easy integration to RS232
applications. Supports features like Voice, SMS, Data/Fax,
GPRS and integrated TCP/IP stack.
This system uses SIM 300 GSM module in text
mode. This system uses SIM300 GSM module that provide
900/1800/1900MHz Tri-band for VOICE, SMS, DATA, and
FAX. This module is operates on AT command. AT
command is an abbreviation for Attention command that is
recognized by GSM Module. "AT command set for GSM
Mobile Equipment” describes the Main AT commands to
Communicate via a serial interface with the GSM subsystem
of the phone. The GSM modem is interfaced to Figure 4: Electromechanical Relay
microcontroller through UART0 serial communication.

Examples of AT commands:
5. Accelerometer
Command Description
Accelerometer measures acceleration. Acceleration is
AT Check if serial interface and
the time rate of change of velocity. This means how quickly
GSM modem is working
changes speed. The measurement of acceleration is used as an
ATA Answer an incoming call input into some types of control systems. Accelerometer
ATD><MEM><N> Originate call to phone number in sensor is used to measure static (earth Gravity) or dynamic
memory acceleration in all three axes, forward/backward, left/right and
up/down. The output of accelerometer provides 1.65V to 3.3V
ATDL Redial last telephone number in positive direction and in negative direction the voltage drop
used from 1.65V to 0V. The output of accelerometer is in analogue
form with three different output voltages each representing X,
Y and Z direction of motion. These three voltage signal are
Table 2: AT Commands processed through ADC0 on three different Channels available
on ARM.

III. MONITORING SYSTEM

GSM MAX 232

Modem
SIM 300

Figure 3:GSM Modem SIM 300

4. Relay

The relay is an electromagnetic switch. When relay is

activated, then it closes the loop of ignition, hence start the
Engine. When relay is de-activated, it opens the loop of
ignition, hence stop the ignition of the automobile.
Figure 5: Interfacing GSM Modem with PC

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 SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (SSRG-IJEEE) – volume1 issue4 June 2014
The information provided by the GSM modem is in
the form of text. The text mode information is send to the PC
by interfacing GSM Modem to the PC using MAX 232 which
is USB to Serial converter. The information received by the
GSM modem at Monitoring system is sent by the vehicle
system. The information contains Location, Speed, and
Identity of a vehicle and Temperature. This information is
displayed on GUI and stored into the database. By using this
information can also send to the nearest hospital or police
system to help the victims. Here GUI is developed by the
visual Studio 2010.
IV. WORKING OF SYSTEM
Figure 4: Complete model of system
The entire vehicle system is installed in the vehicle as
shown in above figure and Monitoring system at remote
location. The entire system works in the following cases.
First case is, when vehicle get accident the pressure sensor
and accelerometer senses and sends sensed values to the
microcontroller. The microcontroller then collects the
information like position, speed from the GPS receiver and also
collects the values from the temperature sensor. Then the
microcontroller sends complete information to the GSM
modem, this information is in the form of text mode. The GSM
modem sends received information by microcontroller to the
Monitoring system. The Monitoring system receives message
and verifies the identification, if in-valid then the message will
be discarded; otherwise the information is displayed on the
GUI. Then we can get exact location of a vehicle by plotting
the longitude and latitude values on Google maps. Then we
forward the message to the nearest hospital or Police system to
help the victims.
Second case is, when user wants to access the system to
know the vehicle information, the user will send request
message to the Vehicle system from Monitoring system
through GSM modem. The GSM modem at Vehicle system
receives user request and verifies, if in-valid discards the
message, otherwise forwards message to the microcontroller.
The microcontroller collects the necessary information from
different peripherals and sends back to the GSM modem. The
ISSN: 2348 – 8379 www.internationaljournalssrg.org
GSM modem will forward information to the Monitoring
system, and then the information is displayed on the GUI.
Third case is, when the user comes to know that, the
Vehicle is theft, and then the user will send the stop message to
the vehicle system. The microcontroller receives the STOP
message and turn OFF the relay which is connected to the
vehicle engine. By this case we can provide the security to the
Vehicle.
V. SOFTWARE USED
a) Kiel µvision4 IDE:
KeilμVision4 IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
is based on windows front end for the C Compiler and
assembler. KeilμVision4 is used to write embedded C
programs. Embedded C is a high level language, which
includes many aspects of the ANSI (American National
Standard Institute) C programming language.
b) GUI:
The GUI for the proposed system is designed on Visual
Studio 2010. C # is a simple, modern, object-oriented, and
type-safe programming language. Microsoft’s C# compiler for
the .NET Framework is a conforming implementation of both
of these standards. Exception handling provides a structured
and extensible approach to error detection and recovery. Also
this language is compatible with all Microsoft applications.
c) OS II:
Hardware RTOS Application
program
User
Figure 5: Real Time embedded system with RTOS
An Operating system (OS) is nothing but a collection of
system calls or functions which provides an interface between
hardware and application programs. Real-time systems are
those systems in which the correctness of the system
depends not only on the logical result of computation, but
also on the time at which the results are produced. Basic
Structure is similar to regular OS
RTOS is key to many embedded systems and provides a
platform to build applications. All embedded systems are not
designed with RTOS. Embedded systems with relatively
simple/small hardware/code might not require an RTOS.
Embedded systems with moderate-to-large software
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 SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (SSRG-IJEEE) – volume1 issue4 June 2014

applications require some form of scheduling, and hence

RTOS.
VI. CONCLUSION

Finally concluded that the vehicle system provides

information of a vehicle like, position, speed, through a GPS
receiver, and temperature to a Monitoring system. Using
Accelerometer and Pressure sensor accident can be identified
and information is send to a Monitoring system. That
information is send to the nearest hospital / police system. The
information at Monitoring system is displayed on GUI. A user
can access the system whenever at any time. This system
provides security in case of theft. The vehicle can be identified
and stopped at anywhere. This system can be installed in cargo
trucks, buses, cars and boats.

REFERENCES

[1] Saurabh S. Chakole, Vivek R. Kapur, Y. A. Suryawanshi

”ARM Hardware Platform for Vehicular Monitoring and
Tracking”, 2013 International Conference on
Communication Systems and Network Technology IEEE.
[2] Zhang Wen, Jiang Meng” Design of Vehicle positioning
System Based on ARM”,Business Management and
Electronic Information (BMEI), International Conference
2011 IEEE.
[3] V. Deepika, M. Suneel, M. Chiranjeevi, T. Satya Vijay
Swamy,”Vehicle Engine Locking System Using,
Embedded Based GSM Technology”, International
Journal of Advances in Computer Science And Cloud
Computing, ISSN: 2321-4058 May 2013.
[4] http://www.engineersgarage.com/articles/rtos-real-time-
Operating-system

[5] http://www.arm.com

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